Difference between revisions of "BeagleBoardUbuntu"

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m (→‎Method 1: Download a Complete Pre-Configured Image from Canonical Ubuntu website: Yuck, I hate long links)
m (→‎Method 1: Download a Complete Pre-Configured Image: 2015-11-13)
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[[Category: BeagleBoard]]
 
[[Category: BeagleBoard]]
 
''(For BeagleBoardAngstrom, click [[BeagleBoardAngstrom|here]].)''
 
''(For BeagleBoardAngstrom, click [[BeagleBoardAngstrom|here]].)''
 +
''(Should [[Beagleboard:Ubuntu On BeagleBone Black]] be merged into this page?)''
  
−
This page is about running a (ARM EABI) [http://www.ubuntu.com/ Ubuntu] distribution at [[BeagleBoard]]. BeagleBoard will boot the (ARM EABI) Ubuntu distribution from [[BeagleBoard#MMC.2FSD_boot|SD card]].
+
This page is about running a Linux distribution (ARM [https://wiki.debian.org/ArmEabiPort EABI]) [http://www.ubuntu.com/ Ubuntu] on the [[BeagleBoard]]. BeagleBoard will boot the (ARM EABI) Ubuntu distribution from the [[BeagleBoard#MMC.2FSD_boot|SD card]]. Since much of this page is generic, it has also been extended to help support devices such as the [[PandaBoard]] and [[BeagleBone]].
  
−
Note: for the best experience, make sure you have an LCD attached to the HDMI port, 2GB/4GB/8GB SD card, and a known good usb2.0 hub with mouse and keyboard.
+
* For the best experience, make sure you have an LCD/HDMI monitor attached to the BeagleBoard's HDMI port, 2 GB/4 GB/8 GB SD card, and a known good USB 2.0 hub with mouse and keyboard.
  
 
= Help =
 
= Help =
Line 14: Line 15:
  
 
*Kernel related help:
 
*Kernel related help:
−
** [http://groups.google.com/group/beagleboard Email Beagleboard user group] *Recommended method
+
** [https://groups.google.com/group/beagleboard Email Beagleboard user group] *Recommended method
−
** ''#beagle'': Beagle irc on freenode, accessible also by [http://beagleboard.org/discuss web interface] ([http://www.beagleboard.org/irclogs/index.php logs])
+
** ''#beagle'': Beagle IRC on Freenode, accessible also by [http://beagleboard.org/discuss web interface] ([http://www.beagleboard.org/irclogs/index.php logs])
−
** Kernel Tree's
+
** Kernel Trees
−
*** [https://github.com/RobertCNelson/stable-kernel Stable Kernel 3.0 src]
+
*** [https://github.com/RobertCNelson/armv7-multiplatform/ v3.17.x kernel branch]
−
*** [https://github.com/RobertCNelson/linux-dev Development Kernel src]
+
*** [https://github.com/RobertCNelson/linux-dev Development Kernel source code]
  
 
*Ubuntu related help:
 
*Ubuntu related help:
−
** ''#ubuntu-arm'': Ubuntu's arm irc on freenode ([http://irclogs.ubuntu.com/ logs] -> year -> month -> day -> #ubuntu-arm.html)
+
** ''#ubuntu-arm'': Ubuntu's ARM IRC on Freenode ([http://irclogs.ubuntu.com/ logs] -> year -> month -> day -> #ubuntu-arm.html)
  
−
*When asking for help, please provide some debugging information:
+
*When requesting help, please provide some debugging information:
 
** U-Boot Version installed on board
 
** U-Boot Version installed on board
 
** Kernel Version: uname -a
 
** Kernel Version: uname -a
Line 31: Line 32:
 
= Required Beagle Software =  
 
= Required Beagle Software =  
  
−
X-loader/MLO (1.4.4ss) & U-Boot (2010.03) (Zippy1 & Zippy2 Support)
+
Mainline U-Boot:
−
* All Bx, C2/3/4 Boards are required to upgrade to atleast these MLO and U-Boot versions.
+
* All older BeagleBoard (classic) Ax, Bx, Cx and Dx boards are required to upgrade to at least these U-Boot versions
−
* XM Boards have no NAND, so u-boot.bin is always required on the first partition
+
* XM Boards have no NAND, so MLO/u-boot.img is always required on the first partition
 
* Directions: [http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Upgrade_X-loader_and_U-boot Upgrade X-loader and U-Boot]
 
* Directions: [http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Upgrade_X-loader_and_U-boot Upgrade X-loader and U-Boot]
  
Line 55: Line 56:
 
= Method 1: Download a Complete Pre-Configured Image =
 
= Method 1: Download a Complete Pre-Configured Image =
  
−
== Canonical/Ubuntu Images ==
+
== Demo Image ==
−
Support:
 
−
''#ubuntu-arm'': Ubuntu's arm irc on freenode ([http://irclogs.ubuntu.com/ logs] -> year -> month -> day -> #ubuntu-arm.html)
 
  
−
=== Natty 11.04 ===
+
* '''Advanced Users only''': BeagleBoard xM: Kernel source, used in these demo images: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/armv7-multiplatform
 +
git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/armv7-multiplatform.git
 +
cd armv7-multiplatform
 +
git checkout origin/v4.3.x -b tmp
 +
./build_kernel.sh
 +
* '''Advanced Users only''': BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black:  Kernel v4.1.x source, used in these demo images: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/ti-linux-kernel-dev/tree/ti-linux-4.1.y
 +
git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/ti-linux-kernel-dev.git
 +
cd ti-linux-kernel-dev
 +
git checkout origin/ti-linux-4.1.y -b tmp
 +
./build_kernel.sh
  
−
Just follow: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ARM/OMAP
+
=== Ubuntu (14.04.3) ===
  
−
=== Maverick 10.10 ===
+
Default username/password:
 +
*username: ubuntu
 +
*password: temppwd
  
−
Just follow https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ARM/OMAPMaverickInstall and make sure you're using a SD card >= 4GB.
+
Image Updated:
 +
*2015-11-13
 +
** BeagleBoard xM: v4.3.0-armv7-x0 kernel
 +
** BeagleBone White/Black/Green: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
 +
** OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
 +
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
 +
*2015-10-09
 +
** BeagleBoard xM: v4.2.3-armv7-x2 kernel
 +
** BeagleBone White/Black/Green: v4.1.10-ti-r21 kernel
 +
** OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.1.10-ti-r21 kernel
 +
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.10-ti-r21 kernel
 +
*2015-09-11
 +
** BeagleBoard xM: v4.2.0-armv7-x1 kernel
 +
** BeagleBone White/Black/Green: v4.1.6-ti-r15 kernel
 +
** OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.1.6-ti-r15 kernel
 +
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.6-ti-r15 kernel
  
−
=Demo Image=
+
Services Active:
 +
Note: Depending on your internal network these may work out of the box
 +
Apache, Port 80: http://arm.local/ (Bone: via usb) http://192.168.7.2
 +
SSH, Port 22: ssh ubuntu@arm.local (Bone: via usb) ubuntu@192.168.7.2
 +
Getty, Serial Port
  
−
Note, these Demo Images contain a custom kernel from rcn-ee.net.  If you'd like to use ubuntu's 'kernel' edit "/etc/flash-kernel.conf" disable the rcn-ee kernel variable then install flash-kernel which should bring ubuntu's kernel with it.  Once you do this, it's not trivial to reverse the process..  For example, what are some of the differences? Ubuntu does not support the xM with lucid, with the rcn-ee.net kernel that's possible and done with the lucid image below..
+
Default user: ubuntu pass: temppwd
−
 
 
−
If the script in these demo images fail: email "bugs@rcn-ee.com" I need: terminal command, terminal log, distribution name, arch...
 
−
 
 
−
== Natty 11.04 ==
 
−
 
 
−
Image Updated August 5th, new v3.0 kernel...
 
−
 
 
−
Default user: ubuntu pass: temppwd  
 
  
 
Get prebuilt image:
 
Get prebuilt image:
 +
wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/elinux/ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13.tar.xz
  
−
wget http://rcn-ee.net/deb/rootfs/natty/ubuntu-11.04-r3-minimal-armel.tar.xz
+
Verify Image with:
−
mirrors (will take some time to update):
+
  md5sum ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13.tar.xz
−
wget http://ynezz.ibawizard.net/beagleboard/natty/ubuntu-11.04-r3-minimal-armel.tar.xz
+
  4e5c82b71090e27115065113b44c196e ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13.tar.xz
−
 
 
−
Verify Image with:  
 
−
  md5sum ubuntu-11.04-r3-minimal-armel.tar.xz
 
−
  78bcd93acb37d6b63c90f68ff0f62976 ubuntu-11.04-r3-minimal-armel.tar.xz
 
  
 
Unpack Image:
 
Unpack Image:
−
  tar xJf ubuntu-11.04-r3-minimal-armel.tar.xz
+
  tar xf ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13.tar.xz
−
  cd ubuntu-11.04-r3-minimal-armel
+
  cd ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13
  
 
If you don't know the location of your SD card:
 
If you don't know the location of your SD card:
−
  sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/'''idontknow'''
+
  sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --probe-mmc
  
−
You should see something like  
+
You should see something like:
  
−
  Are you sure? I Don't see [/dev/idontknow], here is what I do see...
+
  Are you sure? I don't see [/dev/idontknow], here is what I do see...
 
   
 
   
 
  fdisk -l:
 
  fdisk -l:
 
  Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes '''<- x86 Root Drive'''
 
  Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes '''<- x86 Root Drive'''
−
  Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 3957 MB, 3957325824 bytes '''<- MMC/SD card'''
+
  Disk /dev/sdd: 3957 MB, 3957325824 bytes '''<- MMC/SD card'''
 
   
 
   
−
  mount:
+
  lsblk:
−
  /dev/sda5 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro,commit=0) '''<- x86 Root Partition'''
+
  NAME  MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
−
  /dev/sda4 on /opt type ext4 (rw,commit=0)
+
sda      8:0    0 465.8G  0 disk
−
 
+
├─sda1  8:1    0 446.9G  0 part / '''<- x86 Root Partition'''
−
* In this example, we can see via mount, '''/dev/sda5''' is the x68 rootfs, therefore '''/dev/mmcblk0''' is the other drive in the system, which is the MMC/SD card that was inserted and should be used by ./setup_sdcard.sh...
+
  ├─sda2  8:2    0    1K  0 part
 +
└─sda5  8:5    0  18.9G  0 part [SWAP]
 +
sdd      8:48  1  3.7G  0 disk
 +
├─sdd1  8:49  1    64M  0 part
 +
└─sdd2  8:50  1  3.6G  0 part
  
−
Look for a line that starts with "/dev/sdXX" in it; generally it will be mounted to the "/media directory" (in Ubuntu).  Double check that the size of the sd-card is correct in order to make sure it is the right one. Carelessly repartitioning a drive (that is ''not'' an SD card) on your own system can completely ruin your computer's setup. ("/dev/sdb1" represents the first partition of the "/dev/sdb" drive).  The correct name to use for your SD card could be "sdb", "sdc", or it could possibly have another final letter.  
+
* In this example, we can see via mount, '''/dev/sda1''' is the x86 rootfs, therefore '''/dev/sdd''' is the other drive in the system, which is the MMC/SD card that was inserted and should be used by ./setup_sdcard.sh...
  
 
Install Image:
 
Install Image:
  
−
Quick Install script for Beagle Bx
+
Quick install script for [board]
−
  sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot beagle_bx
+
  sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb board
  
−
Quick Install script for Beagle Cx, xM A/B/C
+
board options:
−
sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot beagle
+
*BeagleBoard Ax/Bx/Cx/Dx          - omap3-beagle
 +
*BeagleBoard xM                   - omap3-beagle-xm
 +
*BeagleBone White/Black/Green    - beaglebone
 +
*OMAP5432 uEVM                    - omap5-uevm
 +
*BeagleBoard-X15                  - am57xx-beagle-x15
  
−
Quick Install script for Panda
+
So for the BeagleBoard xM:
−
  sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot panda
+
  sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb omap3-beagle-xm
  
−
*Additional Options
+
Advanced: Build Image:
−
** --rootfs <ext4 default>
 
−
** --swap_file <swap file size in MB's>
 
−
** --addon <pico>
 
−
 
 
−
You should now be able to unmount the SD card from you PC, insert into your BeagleBoard, reboot and have Ubuntu Maverick loaded.
 
−
 
 
−
For a full gui install run this on your beagle (make sure network is setup):
 
−
Ethernet: "sudo ifconfig -a" and "sudo dhclient usb1" or "sudo dhclient eth0"
 
−
Wireless: http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Wifi_Networking_.28command_line.29
 
−
sudo apt-get update
 
−
sudo apt-get install xfce4 gdm xubuntu-gdm-theme xubuntu-artwork xserver-xorg-video-omap3 network-manager
 
  
−
Advanced: Build Image:
+
git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/omap-image-builder.git
 +
cd omap-image-builder
 +
git checkout v2015.11 -b tmp
  
−
fixup.sh: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/omap-image-builder/raw/master/tools/fixup.sh
+
Stable:
  
−
Built with rootstock trunk (ARM native mode, run directly on beagleboard):
+
  ./RootStock-NG.sh -c rcn-ee_console_ubuntu_trusty_armhf
−
  sudo ./rootstock --fqdn omap --imagesize 2G --dist natty --serial ttyO2 \
 
−
--login ubuntu --password temppwd \
 
−
--seed btrfs-tools,devmem2,i2c-tools,nano,pastebinit,uboot-envtools,uboot-mkimage,usbutils,wget,wireless-tools,wpasupplicant \
 
−
--script fixup.sh --components "main universe multiverse" \
 
−
--kernel-image http://rcn-ee.net/deb/natty/v3.0.0-x2/linux-image-3.0.0-x2_1.0natty_armel.deb
 
  
−
== Oneiric 11.10 Alpha 3==
+
Testing:
  
−
Image Updated August 5th, new v3.0 kernel...
+
./RootStock-NG.sh -c rcn-ee_console_ubuntu_xenial_armhf
  
−
Note: This is ubuntu's Alpha 3 so...
+
=== Ubuntu Testing (xenial) ===
  
−
Default user: ubuntu pass: temppwd
+
Image Updated:
 +
*2015-11-13
 +
** BeagleBoard xM: v4.3.0-armv7-x0 kernel
 +
** BeagleBone White/Black/Green: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
 +
** OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
 +
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
  
 
Get prebuilt image:
 
Get prebuilt image:
 +
wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/elinux/ubuntu-xenial-console-armhf-2015-11-13.tar.xz
  
−
  wget http://rcn-ee.net/deb/rootfs/oneiric/ubuntu-oneiric-alpha3-minimal-armel.tar.xz
+
Verify Image with:
−
  mirrors (will take some time to update):
+
  md5sum ubuntu-xenial-console-armhf-2015-11-13.tar.xz
−
  wget http://ynezz.ibawizard.net/beagleboard/oneiric/ubuntu-oneiric-alpha3-minimal-armel.tar.xz
+
  de1ca6da053680fa3d4ab337e7b5342c ubuntu-xenial-console-armhf-2015-11-13.tar.xz
  
−
Verify Image with:  
+
Unpack image:
−
  md5sum ubuntu-oneiric-alpha3-minimal-armel.tar.xz
+
  tar xf ubuntu-xenial-console-armhf-2015-11-13.tar.xz
−
  5003ced46f5dab190b0f3173fa847da2 ubuntu-oneiric-alpha3-minimal-armel.tar.xz
+
  cd ubuntu-xenial-console-armhf-2015-11-13
  
−
Unpack Image:
+
Then follow the directions shown above with the other images...
−
tar xJf ubuntu-oneiric-alpha3-minimal-armel.tar.xz
 
−
cd ubuntu-oneiric-alpha3-minimal-armel
 
  
−
Install Image:
+
== Flasher ==
  
−
Quick Install script for Beagle Bx
+
=== eMMC: BeagleBone Black/Green ===
−
sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot beagle_bx
 
  
−
Quick Install script for Beagle Cx, xM A/B/C
+
This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager First press and hold the boot select button (next to the microSD card), then apply power. On bootup the board should indicate it has started the flashing procedure visually via a Cylon Sweep pattern shown on the 4 LED's next to the ethernet jack. Progress is reported on both the serial debug and hdmi connectors, once completed all 4 LED's should be full ON. Simply remove power, remove the microSD card and Ubuntu will now boot directly from eMMC.
−
  sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot beagle
 
  
−
Quick Install script for Panda
+
Script for reference: (this is the script that writes to the eMMC)
−
  sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot panda
+
  https://github.com/RobertCNelson/boot-scripts/blob/master/tools/eMMC/init-eMMC-flasher-v3.sh
  
−
*Additional Options
+
This script will only take about 5-6 Minutes after power on.
−
** --rootfs <ext4 default>
 
−
** --swap_file <swap file size in MB's>
 
−
** --addon <pico>
 
  
−
You should now be able to unmount the SD card from you PC, insert into your BeagleBoard, reboot and have Ubuntu Maverick loaded.
+
Notes:
 +
* If only two LED's stay lit and nothing happens, the board has crashed due to lack of power. Retry with a 5Volt DC power supply connected.
 +
* If the 4 LED's blink a constant pattern, the eMMC write has failed. First REMOVE ALL capes, then retry again.
  
−
For a full gui install run this on your beagle (make sure network is setup):
+
User: ubuntu
−
Ethernet: "sudo ifconfig -a" and "sudo dhclient usb1" or "sudo dhclient eth0"
+
pass: temppwd
−
Wireless: http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Wifi_Networking_.28command_line.29
 
−
sudo apt-get update
 
−
sudo apt-get install xfce4 gdm xubuntu-gdm-theme xubuntu-artwork xserver-xorg-video-omap3 network-manager
 
  
−
Advanced: Build Image:
+
Image Updated:
 +
*2015-11-13
 +
** BeagleBone Black/Green: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
 +
*2015-10-09
 +
** BeagleBone Black/Green: v4.1.10-ti-r21 kernel
 +
*2015-09-11
 +
** BeagleBone Black/Green: v4.1.6-ti-r15 kernel
  
−
fixup.sh: http://rcn-ee.homeip.net:81/dl/updates/omap-image-builder/tools/fixup.sh
+
Get prebuilt image:
 +
wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/flasher/BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
 +
wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/flasher/BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap
  
−
Built with rootstock trunk (ARM native mode, run directly on beagleboard):
+
Verify Image with:
−
  sudo ./rootstock --fqdn omap --imagesize 2G --dist oneiric --serial ttyO2 \
+
  md5sum BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb*
−
--login ubuntu --password temppwd \
+
  1f33ecbe120668b4d2e554d08d7a5362  BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap
−
  --seed btrfs-tools,devmem2,i2c-tools,nano,pastebinit,uboot-envtools,uboot-mkimage,usbutils,wget,wireless-tools,wpasupplicant \
+
  fb9f5062f010b6c7dd53630814280cdb  BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
−
--script fixup.sh --components "main universe multiverse" \
 
−
  --kernel-image http://rcn-ee.net/deb/oneiric/v3.0.0-x2/linux-image-3.0.0-x2_1.0oneiric_armel.deb
 
  
−
= Method 2: Use the NetInstall method=
+
Linux: (bmaptool 3.2)
 +
sudo bmaptool copy --bmap BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap \
 +
BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz /dev/sdX
  
−
You will need a 1GB/2GB SD card or greater.
+
Linux: (dd)
−
  Standard System : ~700MB
+
unxz BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
 +
  sudo dd if=./BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img of=/dev/sdX
  
−
== Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty) ==
+
=== eMMC: BeagleBoard-X15 ===
  
−
git clone git://github.com/RobertCNelson/netinstall.git
+
This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager  First press and hold the boot select button (next to the microSD card), then apply power. On bootup the board should indicate it has started the flashing procedure visually via a Cylon Sweep pattern shown on the 4 LED's next to the ethernet jack. Progress is reported on both the serial debug and hdmi connectors, once completed all 4 LED's should be full ON.  Simply remove power, remove the microSD card and Ubuntu will now boot directly from eMMC.
−
  cd netinstall
 
  
−
Install script for Beagle Bx
+
Script for reference: (this is the script that writes to the eMMC)
−
  ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot beagle_bx --distro natty
+
  https://github.com/RobertCNelson/boot-scripts/blob/master/tools/eMMC/init-eMMC-flasher-v3.sh
  
−
Install script for Beagle Cx, xM A/B/C
+
This script will only take about 5-6 Minutes after power on.
−
./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot beagle --distro natty
 
  
−
Install script for Panda
+
Notes:
−
./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot panda --distro natty
+
* If only two LED's stay lit and nothing happens, the board has crashed due to lack of power. Retry with a 5Volt DC power supply connected.
 +
* If the 4 LED's blink a constant pattern, the eMMC write has failed. First REMOVE ALL capes, then retry again.
  
−
*Options:
+
User: ubuntu
−
**--uboot : beagle_bx, beagle, panda
+
pass: temppwd
−
**--distro : maverick
 
−
**--firmware : installs firmware
 
−
**--serial-mode : debian-installer uses Serial Port
 
−
**--usb-rootfs : (uImage on /dev/mmcblkp0 and rootfs on external usb drive /dev/sda1)
 
  
−
Note: The default options work for most people, but if you'd like to tweak boot settings, edit these before running the script.
+
Image Updated:
−
+
*2015-11-13
−
NetInstall boot Settings:
+
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
−
gedit ./netinstall/scripts/boot.scr/dvi.cmd
+
*2015-10-09
−
gedit ./netinstall/scripts/boot.scr/serial.cmd
+
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.10-ti-r21 kernel
−
+
*2015-09-11
−
Normal Boot Settings:
+
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.6-ti-r15 kernel
−
gedit ./netinstall/scripts/boot.scr/dvi-normal-natty.cmd
 
−
gedit ./netinstall/scripts/boot.scr/serial-normal-natty.cmd
 
  
−
Place SD card into Beagle and boot:
+
Get prebuilt image:
−
 
+
  wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/flasher/bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
−
Configure the network:
+
  wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/flasher/bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap
−
  usb0: USB net <- (usually the OTG port, but could also be the smsc95xx adapter on the beagle and panda)
 
−
usb1: USB net <- (usually the smsc95xx adapter on the beagle and panda, when usb0 exist)
 
−
eth0: Ethernet <- Your usb-ethernet device (or the smsc95xx adapter with 2.6.39+)
 
−
  wlan0: Wifi <- Your usb-wifi device..  
 
  
−
Troubshooting: If boot fails..
+
Verify Image with:
−
*Hold the user button down to force booting from MMC
+
md5sum bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb*
−
*Upgrade X-loader and U-boot [http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Upgrade_X-loader_and_U-boot Upgrade X-loader and U-Boot]
+
64a994770fa9e92b9076aef3dabd4011  bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap
−
*Clear U-boot's Environment Variables in nand:
+
  45608d54cf3d5b74f84a30119009f0ae  bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
−
  nand erase 260000 20000
 
  
−
NetInstall assumptions:
+
Linux: (bmaptool 3.2)
−
  Continue with out Kernel Modules <yes>
+
  sudo bmaptool copy --bmap bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap \
−
  Partition <Guided - use the largest continuous free space>
+
  bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz /dev/sdX
  
−
= Method 3: Build an Ubuntu root file system with RootStock=
+
Linux: (dd)
 +
unxz bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
 +
sudo dd if=./bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img of=/dev/sdX
  
−
== Install RootStock ==
+
== raw microSD img ==
  
−
This is based off Ubuntu's RootStock Project; [https://launchpad.net/project-rootstock RootStock] script.
+
=== BeagleBone White/Black/Green ===
  
−
Maverick (10.10)
+
This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager
−
sudo apt-get install rootstock
 
  
−
Lucid (10.04) (use rootstock trunk)
+
User: ubuntu
−
sudo apt-get install rootstock (to install rootstock's dependices)
+
pass: temppwd
−
bzr branch lp:project-rootstock
 
−
cd project-rootstock
 
  
−
== RootStock ==
+
Auto partition resize:
 +
cd /opt/scripts/tools
 +
git pull
 +
./grow_partition.sh
 +
sudo reboot
  
−
=== RootStock: Useful seed Packages ===
+
Image Updated:
 +
*2015-11-13
 +
** BeagleBone White/Black/Green: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
 +
*2015-10-09
 +
** BeagleBone White/Black/Green: v4.1.10-ti-r21 kernel
 +
*2015-09-11
 +
** BeagleBone White/Black/Green: v4.1.6-ti-r15 kernel
  
−
Useful Packages:
+
Get prebuilt image:
−
  linux-firmware,wireless-tools :wifi adapters..
+
  wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/microsd/bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
−
  ntpdate :sync real time clock from network
+
  wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/microsd/bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap
  
−
GUI's (broken bug: FIXME)
+
Verify Image with:
−
  xfce4: xfce4,gdm,xubuntu-gdm-theme,xubuntu-artwork
+
  md5sum bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb*
 +
bbb1a4eb8d99de70629afb837972d28f  bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap
 +
ea014cdd50e6043ef9e71ca314e747b9 bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
  
−
=== RootStock: Running ===
+
Linux: (bmaptool 3.2)
 +
sudo bmaptool copy --bmap bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap \
 +
bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz /dev/sdX
  
−
Rootstock Command line:
+
Linux: (dd)
−
  sudo ./rootstock --fqdn <hostname> --login <rootuser> --password <rootuserpasswd> --imagesize <qemu image size> \
+
  unxz bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
−
  --seed <packages> --dist <lucid/maverick> --serial <ttySx>  --kernel-image <http>
+
  sudo dd if=./bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img of=/dev/sdX
  
−
Basic Natty (11.04) Beagleboard minimal image:
+
=== OMAP5432 uEVM ===
−
sudo ./rootstock --fqdn omap --login ubuntu --password temppwd --imagesize 2G \
 
−
--seed wget,nano,linux-firmware,wireless-tools,usbutils --dist natty --serial ttyO2 \
 
−
--components "main universe multiverse" \
 
−
--kernel-image http://rcn-ee.net/deb/natty/v2.6.39-x1/linux-image-2.6.39-x1_1.0natty_armel.deb
 
  
−
Upon Completion, you should have:
+
This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager
−
armel-rootfs-<date>.tgz  -> Root file System, dump to ext2/3 partition of SD card
 
−
vmlinuz-2.6.<version>    -> Boot Image, use mkimage to create uImage and dump to the first fat16 partition of SD card
 
−
initrd.img-2.6.<version> -> Boot initramfs, use mkimage to create uInitrd and dump to the first fat16 partition of SD card
 
  
−
= Method 4 (More advanced) Start by Manually Setting Up your SD Card(without an automatic SD card setup script)=
+
User: ubuntu
 +
pass: temppwd
  
−
For this section, you can use the files from above:
+
Auto partition resize:
−
  Demo Images: http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Demo_Image
+
  cd /opt/scripts/tools
−
  Rootstock: http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Build_an_Ubuntu_root_file_system_with_RootStock
+
git pull
 +
  ./grow_partition.sh
 +
sudo reboot
  
−
== Partition SD Card ==
+
Image Updated:
−
You will need a 1GB SD card or greater.
+
*2015-11-13
−
Standard Console System : ~286MB
+
** OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
−
+ Desktop environment (lxde,gdm) : ~479MB
+
*2015-10-09
 +
** OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.1.10-ti-r21 kernel
 +
*2015-09-11
 +
** OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.1.6-ti-r15 kernel
  
−
Starting with an empty SD card and using gparted, create:
+
Get prebuilt image:
−
  50 MiB Primary Partition, fat16/fat32
+
  wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/microsd/omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
−
  Rest as ext2/ext3/ext4/btrfs
+
  wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/microsd/omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap
  
−
Note: The boot partition can be hard to make bootable at times, here's a quick command line:
+
Verify Image with:
 +
md5sum omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb*
 +
de9d84a19ed3bb29a8aa7bc2e51661ad  omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap
 +
7916a044a7ce4f9f5bd92276b5d21175  omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
  
−
First blank the MMC card's partition table with parted: (/dev/sdX as an example)  
+
Linux: (bmaptool 3.2)
−
  sudo parted -s /dev/sdX mklabel msdos
+
  sudo bmaptool copy --bmap omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap \
 +
omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz /dev/sdX
  
−
Then create the new boot partition:
+
Linux: (dd)
−
  sudo fdisk /dev/sdX << MMC_END
+
unxz omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
−
n
+
  sudo dd if=./omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img of=/dev/sdX
−
p
 
−
1
 
−
1
 
−
+64M
 
−
t
 
−
e
 
−
p
 
−
w
 
−
MMC_END
 
  
−
Notes:
+
=== BeagleBoard-X15 ===
−
GNU Fdisk doesn't and won't work...
 
−
fdisk (util-linux-ng 2.18.x) (just Fedora) add: "-c=dos -u=cylinders" ... "sudo fdisk -c=dos -u=cylinders /dev/sdX"
 
  
−
Make sure to set the partition boot flag
+
This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager
−
sudo parted --script /dev/sdX set 1 boot on
 
  
−
And format it as vfat:
+
User: ubuntu
−
sudo mkfs.vfat -F 16 /dev/sdX1
+
pass: temppwd
  
−
The rootfs partition, doesn't need any special options, so just use fdisk, gparted, etc to create and format your rootfs partition..
+
Auto partition resize:
 +
cd /opt/scripts/tools
 +
git pull
 +
./grow_partition.sh
 +
sudo reboot
  
−
Gparted Example: http://nishanthmenon.blogspot.com/2008/08/how-to-boot-beagle.html
+
Image Updated:
 +
*2015-11-13
 +
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
 +
*2015-10-09
 +
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.10-ti-r21 kernel
 +
*2015-09-11
 +
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.6-ti-r15 kernel
  
−
For Reference:
+
Get prebuilt image:
−
  Disk /dev/sdd: 2038 MB, 2038431744 bytes
+
  wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/microsd/bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
−
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 247 cylinders
+
  wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/microsd/bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap
−
  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
 
−
Disk identifier: 0x0008e471
 
−
 
−
    Device Boot      Start        End      Blocks  Id  System
 
−
/dev/sdd1              1          6      48163+  6  FAT16
 
−
/dev/sdd2              7        247    1935832+  83  Linux
 
  
−
== Boot Partition ==
+
Verify Image with:
 +
md5sum bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb*
 +
43ebc464c665e411eb5fa4f97c6cd19a  bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap
 +
ef95702b0590a22cd7d75cce0f61aff8  bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
  
−
Requirements:
+
Linux: (bmaptool 3.2)
 +
sudo bmaptool copy --bmap bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap \
 +
bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz /dev/sdX
  
−
  sudo apt-get install uboot-mkimage
+
Linux: (dd)
−
  Mount the fatfs partition of your SD card.
+
  unxz bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
 +
  sudo dd if=./bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img of=/dev/sdX
  
−
Mount such as: (/dev/sdX1 is the fat Boot Partition)
+
= Method 2: Use the NetInstall method=
−
mkdir -p ./tmp
 
−
sudo mount /dev/sdX1 ./tmp
 
  
−
=== MLO and U-Boot ===
+
You will need a 1GB/2GB/4GB/8GB SD card or greater.
 +
Standard system : ~700&nbsp;MB
  
−
Download and copy MLO and U-Boot from here:  
+
Report Bugs/Issues to: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/netinstall/issues
−
http://www.angstrom-distribution.org/demo/beagleboard/
+
(anywhere else will be ignored..)
  
−
First copy "MLO-beagleboard-1.44+rX+gitX-rX" as MLO to the Boot Partition
+
Download the netinstall script:
−
  Then copy "u-boot-beagleboard-20XX.XX+r62+gitX-rX.bin" as u-boot.bin to the Boot Partition
+
  git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/netinstall.git
 +
cd netinstall
  
−
=== U-Boot uImage and uInitrd ===
+
Currently supported Ubuntu distributions:
 +
--distro oneiric (11.10)
 +
--distro precise-armhf (12.04)
 +
--distro quantal (12.10)
 +
--distro raring (13.04)
 +
--distro saucy (13.10)
  
−
U-Boot needs a compatible kernel image to boot. To do this, we are using mkimage from (uboot-mkimage) to create an image from the vmlinuz kernel file.
+
Device: <board> selection:
 +
*BeagleBoard Ax/Bx/Cx  - omap3-beagle
 +
*BeagleBoard xMA/B/C  - omap3-beagle-xm
 +
  *BeagleBone Ax        - am335x-bone-serial
 +
*BeagleBone (DVI cape) - am335x-bone-video
 +
*BeagleBone Black      - am335x-boneblack
 +
*PandaBoard Ax    - omap4-panda
 +
*PandaBoard A4+    - omap4-panda-a4
 +
*PandaBoard ES    - omap4-panda-es
  
−
  mkimage -A arm -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0x80008000 -e 0x80008000 -n "Linux" -d ./vmlinuz-* ./uImage
+
Installation script for new <board> selection: (slowly migrating all devices to this method)
−
Copy "uImage" to the Boot Partition
+
  sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb <board> --distro <distro>
  
−
Next create a uInird (this contains a script to fix the rtc on boot, otherwise fsck/reboot/fsck/reboot/repeat happens..)
+
So for the xM: with quantal:
 +
sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb omap3-beagle-xm --distro quantal
  
−
mkimage -A arm -O linux -T ramdisk -C none -a 0 -e 0 -n initramfs -d ./initrd.img-* ./uInitrd
+
*Other Options:
−
Copy "uInitrd" to the Boot Partition
+
**--firmware : installs firmware
 +
**--serial-mode : debian-installer uses Serial Port
  
−
=== U-Boot Boot Scripts ===
+
Place SD card into BeagleBoard and boot:
−
The version of U-Boot installed or recommended to install uses boot scripts by default.  This allows users to easily switch between multiple SD cards with different OS's with different parameters installed.  Ubuntu/Debian requires a slight modification to the bootargs line vs. Angstrom, 'ro' vs 'rw'.
 
  
−
  fixrtc: (only uInitrd) Resets RTC based on last mount
+
Configure the network:
−
  buddy=${buddy}: (both) Kernel Zippy1/2 Support
+
  usb0: USB net <- (usually the OTG port)
−
  mpurate=${mpurate}: (recommended core clock)
+
  eth0: USB net <- (usually the smsc95xx adapter on the BeagleBoard and PandaBoard)
 +
  wlan0: Wifi <- Your USDB-Wi-Fi device..
  
−
==== boot.scr -> uEnv.txt ====
+
See my notes for my testing procedure: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/netinstall/blob/master/test.Ubuntu
−
Newer version's of u-boot now look for a uEnv.txt file vs the older boot.scr, since most boards still use the older boot.scr here's an easy compatibility script:
 
  
−
create a new file: uEnv.txt
+
Troubleshooting: If booting fails..
−
bootenv=boot.scr
+
*Hold the user button down to force booting from MMC
−
loaduimage=fatload mmc ${mmcdev} ${loadaddr} ${bootenv}
+
*Upgrade X-loader and U-boot [http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Upgrade_X-loader_and_U-boot Upgrade X-loader and U-Boot]
−
  mmcboot=echo Running boot.scr script from mmc ...; source ${loadaddr}
+
*Clear U-boot's Environment Variables in NAND:
 +
  nand erase 260000 20000
  
−
==== Beagle Bx/Cx & xM ====
+
NetInstall assumptions:
−
 
+
  Assume asll <default>'s... Thanks you preseed.conf!!!
−
create a new file: boot.cmd
 
−
setenv dvimode 1280x720MR-16@60
 
−
setenv vram 12MB
 
−
  setenv bootcmd 'fatload mmc 0:1 0x80300000 uImage; fatload mmc 0:1 0x81600000 uInitrd; bootm 0x80300000 0x81600000'
 
−
setenv bootargs console=ttyO2,115200n8 console=tty0 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootwait ro vram=${vram} omapfb.mode=dvi:${dvimode} fixrtc buddy=${buddy} mpurate=${mpurate}
 
−
boot
 
−
 
 
−
Use mkimage create to actual *.scr file for U-Boot:
 
  
−
mkimage -A arm -O linux -T script -C none -a 0 -e 0 -n "Ubuntu" -d ./boot.cmd ./boot.scr
+
= Method 3: Manual Install (no automatic scripts)=
−
Copy "boot.scr" to the Boot Partition
 
−
For "igepv2" users, rename this to "boot.ini"
 
  
−
Umount the Boot Partition:
+
Note, this section used to have a lot of details, but maintenance of the two wiki's became a pain, so for now on we will just link to my other pages:
  
−
  sudo umount ./tmp
+
== Beagle/Beagle xM ==
 +
  http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBoard
  
−
== RootFS Partition ==
+
== BeagleBone ==
−
Root File System
+
http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBone
  
−
Mount your SD card's larger root file system partition (assuming /dev/sdX2) and 'untar' the rootfs into it.
+
== BeagleBone Black ==
 +
http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBone+Black
  
−
mkdir -p ./tmp
+
== Panda/Panda ES ==
−
  sudo mount /dev/sdX2 ./tmp
+
  http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/PandaBoard
−
sudo tar xfp armel-rootfs-*.tgz -C ./tmp
 
−
sudo umount ./tmp
 
−
 
 
−
== Ubuntu Bugs & Tweaks ==
 
−
 
 
−
===Enable Network Access===
 
−
 
 
−
Modify /etc/network/interfaces
 
−
auto eth0
 
−
iface eth0 inet dhcp
 
−
 
 
−
Manual: From the Command line
 
−
sudo ifconfig -a
 
−
sudo dhclient ethX (or wlanX/etc..)
 
−
 
 
−
Additional Network Setup Information can be found [[BeagleBoardUbuntuNetwork|HERE]]
 
  
 
= Advanced =
 
= Advanced =
Line 450: Line 462:
 
==Install Latest Kernel Image==
 
==Install Latest Kernel Image==
  
−
===Script File===
+
Script:
 +
cd /opt/scripts/tools
 +
git pull
  
−
Latest Stable is : https://github.com/RobertCNelson/stable-kernel
+
Stable:
 +
./update_kernel.sh
  
−
export DIST=natty  (options are lucid/maverick/natty/oneiric/squeeze/wheezy)
+
Testing:
−
wget http://rcn-ee.net/deb/${DIST}/LATEST
+
  ./update_kernel.sh --beta-kernel
−
  wget $(cat ./LATEST | grep STABLE | awk '{print $3}')
 
−
/bin/bash install-me.sh
 
  
−
Reboot with your new uImage
+
Custom: (has to be on rcn-ee.net)
 +
./update_kernel.sh --kernel v3.8.13-bone69
 +
 
 +
Reboot with your new Kernel Image.
  
 
== Upgrade X-loader and U-boot ==
 
== Upgrade X-loader and U-boot ==
  
−
Compatible with Bx,C2/3/4
+
*Note: the functionality of the "X-Loader" project has been merged as u-boot spl.
  
−
Requires MMC card..
+
Compatibility with older Ax, Bx, Cx, and Dx BeagleBoards
  
−
git clone git://github.com/RobertCNelson/flash-omap.git
+
Note: Sometimes on these older boards, you just have to clear out the stored U-Boot environment variables in NAND to make this script work:
−
cd flash-omap
+
  nand erase 260000 20000
−
  ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX (i.e. use /dev/sdc - the entire device, not a partition)
 
  
−
1: Place MMC card in Beagle
+
Or: To fully erase the entire NAND:
−
2: Push/Hold User Button Down
+
  nand erase.chip
−
  3: Apply Power
 
−
4: After U-boot loads, Let Off User Button
 
−
5: Wait for Flashing to end
 
−
6: Power down, remove/edit boot.scr from MMC card
 
  
−
Example 4G card:
+
Requires MMC card:
  
−
  sudo fdisk -l
+
  git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/flasher.git
 +
cd flasher
  
−
Disk '''/dev/sde''': 3957 MB, 3957325824 bytes
+
For the Beagle Ax/Bx
−
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 481 cylinders
+
  sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot beagle_bx
−
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
 
−
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
 
−
  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
 
−
Disk identifier: 0x00080e99
 
−
 
−
    Device Boot      Start        End      Blocks  Id  System
 
−
'''/dev/sde'''1  *          1          9      72261    e  W95 FAT16 (LBA)
 
  
−
  ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sde
+
For the Beagle Cx/Dx
 +
  sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot beagle_cx
  
−
Worst case, depending on what's actually in NAND, you might still have to stop and do this:
+
1: Plug-in a serial cable and start the serial terminal program
 +
2: Place MMC card in Beagle
 +
3: Push and hold the user button
 +
4: Plug-in power
 +
5: Wait for U-Boot countdown to finish, then release the user button
 +
6: Wait for flashing/script to end
 +
7: Power down, remove and reformat MMC card to final OS
  
−
nand erase 260000 20000
+
If you don't know the location of your SD card:
−
  reset
+
  sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --probe-mmc
  
−
===Manual Run===
+
You should see something like:
−
mmc init
 
−
fatload mmc 0:1 0x80200000 MLO
 
−
nand unlock
 
−
nand ecc hw
 
−
nandecc hw
 
−
nand erase 0 80000
 
−
nand write 0x80200000 0 20000
 
−
nand write 0x80200000 20000 20000
 
−
nand write 0x80200000 40000 20000
 
−
nand write 0x80200000 60000 20000
 
−
 
−
fatload mmc 0:1 0x80300000 u-boot.bin
 
−
nand unlock
 
−
nand ecc sw
 
−
nandecc sw
 
−
nand erase 80000 160000
 
−
nand write 0x80300000 80000 160000
 
−
nand erase 260000 20000
 
−
reset
 
  
−
== SGX Video Acceleration ==
+
Are you sure? I don't see [/dev/idontknow], here is what I do see...
−
 
+
−
Requirements: 2.6-stable from launchpad or 2.6.35.3-x1+ deb's from rcn-ee.net. (the Demo Images hosted on rcn-ee.net meet this requirement)
+
fdisk -l:
−
  https://github.com/RobertCNelson/stable-kernel
+
Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes '''<- x86 Root Drive'''
−
 
+
Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 3957 MB, 3957325824 bytes '''<- MMC/SD card'''
−
Note: ''An older version of these instructions was adapted for the IGEPv2 platform - if you are following this tutorial and have an IGEPv2, consider using http://wiki.jmaustin.org/wiki/IgepSGXUbuntu instead''
+
   
−
 
+
  mount:
−
=== SDK unPackage Script ===
+
  /dev/sda1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro,commit=0) '''<- x86 Root Partition'''
−
 
 
−
Download the latest version of the "create_sgx_package.sh" script
 
−
  2.6.37
 
−
  wget https://github.com/RobertCNelson/stable-kernel/raw/master/create_sgx_package_2.6.37.sh
 
−
  2.6.38+
 
−
wget https://github.com/RobertCNelson/stable-kernel/raw/master/create_sgx_package.sh
 
  
−
Make script executable
+
* In this example, we can see via mount, '''/dev/sda1''' is the x86 rootfs, therefore '''/dev/mmcblk0''' is the other drive in the system, which is the MMC/SD card that was inserted and should be used by the ./mk_mmc.sh script.
−
chmod a+x ./create_sgx_package.sh
 
  
−
Run script
+
== SGX Drivers ==
−
./create_sgx_package.sh
 
  
−
After Successfully running:
+
=== SGX BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black ===
  
−
:~/temp$ ls
+
Note, these are FBDEV only, no xorg/x11/etc...
−
create_sgx_package.sh
 
−
GFX_X_XX_XX_XX_libs.tar.gz                      : -> Copy to Beagle (System Libs)
 
−
GFX_Linux_SDK.tar.gz                            : -> Copy to Beagle (DEMO's)
 
−
Graphics_SDK_setuplinux_X_XX_XX_XX.bin
 
−
SDK
 
−
SDK_BIN
 
  
−
=== Beagle: GFX_*_libs.tar.gz ===
+
Install sgx modules (3.14.x-ti or 4.1.x kernel):
 +
sudo apt-get install ti-sgx-es8-modules-`uname -r`
 +
sudo depmod -a `uname -r`
 +
sudo update-initramfs -uk `uname -r`
  
−
tar xf GFX_4_00_00_01_libs.tar.gz  (extracts install-SGX.sh and run-SGX.sh)
+
Build SGX userspace for 3.14.x-ti (must be done on an x86, due to the TI 5.01.01.02 blob extractor)
−
  ./install-SGX.sh (copies necessary SGX libs and startup script)
+
  git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/ti-linux-kernel-dev.git
−
  ./run-SGX.sh (force run the new init script, or you can just reboot...)
+
cd ti-linux-kernel-dev/
 +
  git checkout origin/ti-linux-3.14.y -b tmp-sgx
 +
./sgx_create_package.sh
  
−
On Successful install:
+
Build SGX userspace for 4.1.x (must be done on an x86, due to the TI 5.01.01.02 blob extractor)
−
  Stopping PVR
+
git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/bb-kernel.git
−
  Starting PVR
+
  cd bb-kernel/
−
  Starting SGX fixup for ES2.x (or ES3.x) (or ES5.x xM)
+
  git checkout origin/am33x-v4.1 -b tmp-sgx
 +
  ./sgx_create_package.sh
  
−
Reboot for good measure (Maverick's Alpha-1 needs this....)
+
Copy ./deploy/GFX_5.01.01.02.tar.gz to BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black and install
 +
sudo tar xfv GFX_5.01.01.02.tar.gz -C /
 +
cd /opt/gfxinstall/
 +
sudo ./sgx-install.sh
 
  sudo reboot
 
  sudo reboot
  
−
=== Beagle: GFX_Linux_SDK.tar.gz ===
+
Verify omaplfb & pvrsrvkm loaded
−
 
+
debian@arm:~$ lsmod | grep omaplfb
−
  tar xf GFX_Linux_SDK.tar.gz
+
  omaplfb                12065  0
−
  cd GFX_Linux_SDK
+
  pvrsrvkm              178782 1 omaplfb
−
  tar xf OGLES.tar.gz
 
−
 
 
−
=== Test SGX with a DEMO ===
 
  
−
cd OGLES/SDKPackage/Binaries/CommonX11/Demos/EvilSkull
+
== Xorg Drivers ==
−
./OGLESEvilSkull
 
  
−
=== Trouble Shooting ===
+
Script:
 +
cd /opt/scripts/tools/
 +
git pull
  
−
  sudo rm /etc/powervr-esrev
+
BeagleBoard/PandaBoard:
−
  sudo depmod -a omaplfb
+
  cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
−
sudo /etc/init.d/pvr restart
+
  ./ti-omapdrm.sh
  
−
== DSP ==
+
BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black:
 +
cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
 +
./ti-tilcdc.sh
  
−
=== gst-dsp ===
+
= Swapfile =
  
−
Seems to work on all Beagle's, with atleast 2.6.38+ now...
+
== Using a File for Swap Instead of a Partition ==
  
−
Requirements: 2.6-stable from launchpad or 2.6.38+ deb's from rcn-ee.net. (the Demo Images hosted on rcn-ee.net meet this requirement)
+
On the Beagleboard you should expect to require a swap file given the limitation of how little RAM is available (between 256&nbsp;MB and 512&nbsp;MB). Some system programs like apt-get will only run properly when some swap space is present (due to 256&nbsp;MB not being enough RAM).
−
  https://github.com/RobertCNelson/stable-kernel
 
  
−
Download the latest version of the "create_dsp_package.sh" script
+
Some images (such as those from Linaro.org) do not come with a swap partition or any swap space allocated.
−
wget https://github.com/RobertCNelson/stable-kernel/raw/master/create_dsp_package.sh
 
  
−
Make script executable
+
Under Linux, swap space can be either a dedicated partition or a swap file. Both can be mounted as swap which the OS can access.
−
chmod a+x ./create_dsp_package.sh
 
  
−
Package script:
+
=== Creating a Swapfile ===
−
./create_dsp_package.sh
 
  
−
Copy DSP_Install_libs.tar.gz to beagle
+
The following commands will create a 1 GB file, limit access only to root, format it as swap and then make it available to the OS:
  
−
Setup network...
+
sudo mkdir -p /var/cache/swap/ 
 +
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/var/cache/swap/swapfile bs=1M count=1024
 +
sudo chmod 0600 /var/cache/swap/swapfile
 +
sudo mkswap /var/cache/swap/swapfile
 +
sudo swapon /var/cache/swap/swapfile
  
−
Extract:
+
To tell the OS to load this swapfile on each start up, edit the /etc/fstab file to include the following additional line:
−
tar xf DSP_Install_libs.tar.gz
 
  
−
Install
+
  /var/cache/swap/swapfile    none    swap    sw    0  0
−
  ./install-DSP.sh
 
  
−
Build gst-dsp stuff..
+
To verify that the swapfile is accessilble as swap to the OS, run "top" or "htop" at a console.
−
./install-gst-dsp.sh
 
−
 
 
−
Playbin:
 
−
sudo gst-launch playbin2 uri=file://(file)
 
−
 
 
−
== Xorg omapfb Drivers ==
 
−
 
 
−
By default Ubuntu will try to use the FBDEV video driver, however for the beagleboard we can take advantage of a more software optimized driver (still not using the sgx video hardware) using the NEON extensions of the Cortex-A8 core.
 
−
 
 
−
cat /var/log/Xorg.0.log | grep FBDEV
 
−
(II) FBDEV: driver for framebuffer: fbdev
 
−
(II) FBDEV(0): using default device
 
−
(II) FBDEV(0): Creating default Display subsection in Screen section
 
−
(==) FBDEV(0): Depth 16, (==) framebuffer bpp 16
 
−
(==) FBDEV(0): RGB weight 565
 
−
 
 
−
Login into Ubuntu and open a new terminal, xorg has to be running..
 
−
 
 
−
xvinfo -display :0.0
 
−
X-Video Extension version 2.2
 
−
screen #0
 
−
  no adaptors present
 
−
 
 
−
=== Drivers ===
 
−
 
 
−
Note: These are built with neon optimizations: http://git.debian.org/?p=collab-maint/xf86-video-omapfb.git;a=blob;f=debian/rules;h=c2f0d5391c96c5abb60b1e691ad86bb27e0c17d8;hb=HEAD  (line 48/49)
 
−
 
 
−
Lucid:
 
−
sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-omap3
 
−
 
 
−
To verify it was correctly installed, reboot and:
 
−
 
 
−
cat /var/log/Xorg.0.log | grep omapfb
 
−
(II) LoadModule: "omapfb"
 
−
(II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers//omapfb_drv.so
 
−
(II) Module omapfb: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
 
−
(II) omapfb: Driver for OMAP framebuffer (omapfb) and external LCD controllers:
 
−
(WW) Error opening /sys/devices/platform/omapfb/ctrl/name: No such file or directory
 
−
(II) omapfb(0): VideoRAM: 1800KiB (SDRAM)
 
−
(II) omapfb(0): Creating default Display subsection in Screen section
 
−
(**) omapfb(0): Depth 16, (--) framebuffer bpp 16
 
−
(==) omapfb(0): RGB weight 565
 
−
(==) omapfb(0): Default visual is TrueColor
 
−
(--) omapfb(0): Virtual size is 1280x720 (pitch 1280)
 
−
(**) omapfb(0):  Built-in mode "current"
 
−
(==) omapfb(0): DPI set to (96, 96)
 
−
(II) omapfb(0): DPMS enabled
 
−
(II) omapfb(0): Video plane capabilities:
 
−
(II) omapfb(0): Video plane supports the following image formats:
 
−
(II) omapfb(0): XVideo extension initialized
 
−
 
 
−
Login into Ubuntu and open a new terminal, xorg has to be running..
 
−
 
 
−
xvinfo -display :0.0
 
−
X-Video Extension version 2.2
 
−
screen #0
 
−
  Adaptor #0: "OMAP XV adaptor"
 
−
    number of ports: 1
 
−
    port base: 56
 
−
    operations supported: PutImage
 
−
    supported visuals:
 
−
      depth 16, visualID 0x21
 
−
    number of attributes: 1
 
−
    etc..
 
−
 
 
−
== Changing DVI output resolution ==
 
−
 
 
−
Ubuntu 10.10 above defaults to a resolution of 1284x768@16.  This is set in the boot.cmd file in the boot partition of the SD card.  To change the resolution the DVI output, edit boot.cmd accordingly then recreate the boot.scr file by:
 
−
 
 
−
mkimage -A arm -O linux -T script -C none -a 0 -e 0 -n "Ubuntu 10.10" -d ./boot.cmd ./boot.scr
 
−
 
 
−
Then reboot the BeagleBoard
 
−
 
 
−
== S-Video ==
 
−
''(For configuring S-Video on Angstrom, click [[BeagleBoardAngstrom#Configuring_uEnv.txt_to_set_s-video_as_the_default_display|here]])''.
 
−
 
 
−
===Process for setting up S-Video===
 
−
 
 
−
S-video is tested to be working on 2.6.35-rc5-dl9. BeagleBoard s-video output has traditionally been enabled by "using bootargs (boot arguments) at uboot". In newer versions of the BeagleBoard, the developers have made things easier by instructing u-boot to look for a .scr file about a dozen lines long that is called cmd.boot.scr, and then follow said parameters. In Angstrom, no boot.scr file is needed, instead, an even easier system is used, where a simple editable .txt file called uEnv.txt containing these parameters suffices (Env is for "environment"). For some reason, in the Ubuntu download files, typically there a bit of convoluted process where uEnv.txt is called up, uEnv.txt says "Go read conf.boot.scr", and cmd.boot.scr sets up the s-video.
 
−
 
 
−
To make cmd.boot.scr, create a text file named cmd.boot, then convert it into a .scr file with mkimage by running the following commands on the terminal:
 
−
 
 
−
First, you will probably need to get mkimage with apt-get. Run
 
−
 
 
−
    sudo apt-get install mkimage
 
−
 
 
−
Next, convert your cmd.boot.scr
 
−
 
 
−
    mkimage -A arm -O linux -T script -C none -a 0 -e 0 -n 'Execute uImage' -d boot.cmd boot.scr
 
−
 
 
−
===Bootargs: make this cmd.boot to set s-video===
 
−
 
 
−
* NTSC
 
−
 
 
−
    omapfb.mode='''tv:ntsc'''
 
−
    omapdss.def_disp='''tv'''
 
−
 
 
−
Bootargs that has been validated.
 
−
 
 
−
    setenv bootargs 'console=tty0 console=ttyO2,115200n8 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootwait ro vram=12M omapfb.mode=tv:ntsc omapdss.def_disp=tv
 
−
    fixrtc buddy=unknown'
 
−
 
 
−
===Screen cutoff problem===
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
NTSC resolution is supposed to be 640x480. However the edge bands around the TV screen differ from TV to TV. Output of '''fbset''' shown below:
 
−
 
 
−
    mode "720x482-30"
 
−
        # D: 13.500 MHz, H: 15.734 kHz, V: 29.970 Hz
 
−
        geometry 720 482 720 482 32
 
−
        timings 74074 16 58 6 31 64 6
 
−
        rgba 8/16,8/8,8/0,0/0
 
−
    endmode
 
−
 
 
−
Depending on your TV device, and what desktop you are running a certain amount of screen cutoff is likely to occur. This is called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overscan Overscan]. Typically, around 5-10% of the left and right edges of display are off the screen (using Ubuntu with xfce). This seems to be due to the fact that there is only one display resolution that is set for NTSC: <!-- I don't know about PAL--> 720 X 482. It is not possible to change this setting in the xfce4 Settings Manager like one would normally be able to do, because other options are greyed out/do not exist. Normally, even if the Settings Manager did not allow for it, a different resolution setting could be obtained by editing the xorg.conf file in /etc/X11/xorg.conf-4, or some similar place. HOWEVER there is no xorg.conf file in the Beagle version of xfce. xrandr shows the display is set to the minimum of 720x574. Adding an xorg.conf does not fix the problem, because Beagle takes its (analog) display resolution settings directly from the display driver, where 720 X 480 (720 X 574 for PAL <!-- This I gather, but I really don't know--> ) is hard coded in. 
 
−
 
 
−
An inelegant but usable workaround for the xfce desktop environment is simply to create vertical and horizontal panels that fill up the space that is cut off on the screen. This is not a complete solution, but at least it will prevent maximized windows from going off into nowhere land.
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
Truly fixing this would involve going into the display driver and reprogramming it to include additional S-video settings besides just NTSC and PAL. Specifically, to make the whole framebuffer fit on the screen you would need to adjust the overlay in the display driver, the OMAP DSS2. (Didn't test this yet. Some pointers from the driver's documentation below)
 
−
 
 
−
    /sys/devices/platform/omapdss/overlay? directory:
 
−
    enabled 0=off, 1=on
 
−
    input_size width,height (ie. the framebuffer size)
 
−
    manager Destination overlay manager name
 
−
    name
 
−
    output_size width,height
 
−
    position x,y
 
−
    screen_width width
 
−
    global_alpha  global alpha 0-255 0=transparent 255=opaque
 
−
 
 
−
== Building Kernel ==
 
−
 
 
−
https://github.com/RobertCNelson/stable-kernel
 
−
 
 
−
Download SRC
 
−
git clone git://github.com/RobertCNelson/stable-kernel.git
 
−
 
 
−
Build Kernel
 
−
./build_kernel.sh
 
−
 
 
−
Optional Building Deb File
 
−
./build_deb.sh
 
  
 
= Ubuntu Software =
 
= Ubuntu Software =
  
−
== Wifi Networking (command line) ==
+
== Wi-Fi Networking (command line) ==
  
 
=== /etc/network/interfaces ===
 
=== /etc/network/interfaces ===
  
−
It is possible and relatively easy to configure a wifi card from the command line.
+
It is relatively easy to configure a Wi-Fi card from the command line.
  
−
You will need to edit the /etc/network/interfaces file. There are several guides available via Google.
+
You will need to edit the /etc/network/interfaces file. There are several guides available via Google.
  
−
This is a particularly useful guide http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=202834  
+
This is a particularly useful guide https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=202834  
  
 
A sample /etc/network/interfaces file for a WPA2 encrypted access point is:
 
A sample /etc/network/interfaces file for a WPA2 encrypted access point is:
Line 780: Line 623:
 
  wpa-group CCMP
 
  wpa-group CCMP
 
  wpa-key-mgmt WPA-PSK
 
  wpa-key-mgmt WPA-PSK
−
  wpa-psk < INSERT KEY XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX>
+
  wpa-psk <INSERT KEY XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX>
  
−
Your wifi card will automatically load these settings on start up and give network access.
+
Your Wi-Fi card will automatically load these settings upon startup and initialize wireless network access.
  
 
== Lightweight window managers ==
 
== Lightweight window managers ==
Line 788: Line 631:
 
If you intend to use Ubuntu on the BeagleBoard you can install JWM or IceWM to improve performance.
 
If you intend to use Ubuntu on the BeagleBoard you can install JWM or IceWM to improve performance.
  
−
JWM in particular uses little RAM. On a BeagleBoard with 256MB, using JWM will leave about 60MB free to run apps in.
+
JWM in particular uses little RAM. On a BeagleBoard with 256&nbsp;MB, using JWM will leave about 60&nbsp;MB free in which to run applications.
  
 
== Web Apps ==
 
== Web Apps ==
  
 
=== Midori ===
 
=== Midori ===
−
Given that the BeagleBoard has fewer resources than a desktop a light weight browser is more responsive. Midori is a light weight browser that still supports flash etc
+
Given that the BeagleBoard has fewer resources than a desktop a lightweight browser is more responsive. Midori is a lightweight browser that still supports flash, etc. It is available from the standard repositories:
−
It is available from the standard repositories.
 
 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midori_%28web_browser%29
 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midori_%28web_browser%29
  
Line 800: Line 642:
  
 
=== Motion ===
 
=== Motion ===
−
If you have a video source (webcam, IP cam etc) which appears as /dev/video0 etc then you can use the Linux Surveillance software "motion" to monitor the video stream and record periods of activity.
+
If you have a video source (webcam, IP cam, etc.) which appears as /dev/video0, etc. then you can use the Linux surveillance software "motion" to monitor the video stream and record periods of activity.
  
−
Motion is also available from the standard repositories.
+
Motion is also available from the standard repositories:
 
http://www.debian-administration.org/article/An_Introduction_to_Video_Surveillance_with_%27Motion%27
 
http://www.debian-administration.org/article/An_Introduction_to_Video_Surveillance_with_%27Motion%27
−
Using a 960x720 resolution webcam with 15 fps rate under the UVC driver the Rev C BeagleBoard under Xubuntu reports ~60% CPU utilisation.
+
Using a 960x720 resolution webcam with a 15&nbsp;fps rate under the UVC driver the Rev C BeagleBoard under Xubuntu reports ~60% CPU utilisation.
  
−
To make the BeagleBoard automatically start recording on boot do the following:
+
To make the BeagleBoard automatically start recording on boot, do the following:
  
 
* Auto Login - run "gdmsetup" from a terminal and select a user to automatically login  
 
* Auto Login - run "gdmsetup" from a terminal and select a user to automatically login  
−
* Sessions - make sure you don't save any previous xwindows sessions so that it doesn't prompt you for which one you want
+
* Sessions - make sure you don't save any previous X Windows sessions so that it doesn't prompt you for which one you want
−
* motion.conf - amend /etc/motion/motion.conf to the settings you want (ie video output directory, record only video, record in mpeg4, set frame rate etc). Do this with "sudo medit /etc/motion/motion.conf" at a prompt.
+
* motion.conf - edit /etc/motion/motion.conf to use the settings you want (that is, video output directory, record only video, record in MPEG-4, set frame rate, etc). Do this with "sudo medit /etc/motion/motion.conf" at a prompt.
−
* Boot script - create a new script in /etc/rc2.d called "S65motion_client" and set permissions appropriately ("sudo chmod 777 /etc/rc2.d/S65motion_client"). Then edit the file so it has the following text in it:
+
* Boot script - create a new script in /etc/rc2.d called "S65motion_client" and set permissions appropriately ("sudo chmod 777 /etc/rc2.d/S65motion_client"). Then edit the file so it contains the following lines:
  
 
  #! /bin/sh
 
  #! /bin/sh
Line 818: Line 660:
 
This will now launch the motion client as root when you boot up.
 
This will now launch the motion client as root when you boot up.
  
−
Also note that unless your BeagleBoard can remember the time (battery backed up clock installed) the timestamps will not be correct until you update the time. If your BeagleBoard has an Internet Connection this can be achieved with the ntpdate app.
+
Also note that unless your BeagleBoard can remember the time (battery backed up clock installed), the timestamps will not be correct until you update the time. If your BeagleBoard has an Internet connection this can be achieved using the ntpdate application.
−
 
 
  
 
== Robotics ==
 
== Robotics ==
  
 
=== ROS ===
 
=== ROS ===
−
Willow Garage hosts the open source Robotic Operating System (ROS). Whilst it is natively supported in Ubuntu, the official packages are only for the x86 platform. ROS can be installed from source and is generally easy to do so (although slow).
+
ROS (Robot Operating System) provides libraries and tools to help software developers create robot applications. It provides hardware abstraction, device drivers, libraries, visualizers, message-passing, package management, and more. ROS is licensed under an open source, BSD license.
  
−
Following the instructions from here will build and install ROS on your beagleboard:
+
There are currently builds of ROS for Ubuntu Trusty armhf. These builds include most but not all packages, and save a considerable amount of time compared to doing a full source-based installation:
  
−
http://www.ros.org/wiki/cturtle/Installation/Ubuntu/SVN
+
http://wiki.ros.org/indigo/Installation/UbuntuARM
  
−
You will need an Internet connection for your Beagleboard for these scripts to work.
+
Alternatively ROS can be installed from source and is generally easy to do so (although slow).
  
−
For more information about ROS see www.ros.org
+
For more information about ROS, see www.ros.org.

Revision as of 09:27, 16 November 2015

(For BeagleBoardAngstrom, click here.) (Should Beagleboard:Ubuntu On BeagleBone Black be merged into this page?)

This page is about running a Linux distribution (ARM EABI) Ubuntu on the BeagleBoard. BeagleBoard will boot the (ARM EABI) Ubuntu distribution from the SD card. Since much of this page is generic, it has also been extended to help support devices such as the PandaBoard and BeagleBone.

  • For the best experience, make sure you have an LCD/HDMI monitor attached to the BeagleBoard's HDMI port, 2 GB/4 GB/8 GB SD card, and a known good USB 2.0 hub with mouse and keyboard.

Help

If you need any help:

  • Ubuntu related help:
    • #ubuntu-arm: Ubuntu's ARM IRC on Freenode (logs -> year -> month -> day -> #ubuntu-arm.html)
  • When requesting help, please provide some debugging information:
    • U-Boot Version installed on board
    • Kernel Version: uname -a
    • pastebin dmesg
      • Copy from serial port or use "dmesg | pastebinit" (sudo apt-get install pastebinit)

Required Beagle Software

Mainline U-Boot:

  • All older BeagleBoard (classic) Ax, Bx, Cx and Dx boards are required to upgrade to at least these U-Boot versions
  • XM Boards have no NAND, so MLO/u-boot.img is always required on the first partition
  • Directions: Upgrade X-loader and U-Boot

Omap Serial Changes

boot.scr/boot.cmd changes:

With 2.6.35: 

console=ttyS2,115200n8

With 2.6.36/37+: 

console=ttyO2,115200n8

Serial console login: /etc/init/ttyO2.conf 

start on stopped rc RUNLEVEL=[2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]

respawn
exec /sbin/getty 115200 ttyO2

Method 1: Download a Complete Pre-Configured Image

Demo Image

git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/armv7-multiplatform.git
cd armv7-multiplatform
git checkout origin/v4.3.x -b tmp
./build_kernel.sh

git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/ti-linux-kernel-dev.git
cd ti-linux-kernel-dev
git checkout origin/ti-linux-4.1.y -b tmp
./build_kernel.sh

Ubuntu (14.04.3)

Default username/password:

  • username: ubuntu
  • password: temppwd

Image Updated:

  • 2015-11-13
    • BeagleBoard xM: v4.3.0-armv7-x0 kernel
    • BeagleBone White/Black/Green: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
    • OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
  • 2015-10-09
    • BeagleBoard xM: v4.2.3-armv7-x2 kernel
    • BeagleBone White/Black/Green: v4.1.10-ti-r21 kernel
    • OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.1.10-ti-r21 kernel
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.10-ti-r21 kernel
  • 2015-09-11
    • BeagleBoard xM: v4.2.0-armv7-x1 kernel
    • BeagleBone White/Black/Green: v4.1.6-ti-r15 kernel
    • OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.1.6-ti-r15 kernel
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.6-ti-r15 kernel

Services Active: 

Note: Depending on your internal network these may work out of the box
Apache, Port 80: http://arm.local/ (Bone: via usb) http://192.168.7.2
SSH, Port 22: ssh ubuntu@arm.local (Bone: via usb) ubuntu@192.168.7.2
Getty, Serial Port

Default user: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Get prebuilt image: 

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/elinux/ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13.tar.xz

Verify Image with: 

md5sum ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13.tar.xz
4e5c82b71090e27115065113b44c196e  ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13.tar.xz

Unpack Image: 

tar xf ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13.tar.xz
cd ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13

If you don't know the location of your SD card: 

sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --probe-mmc

You should see something like: 

Are you sure? I don't see [/dev/idontknow], here is what I do see...

fdisk -l:
Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes <- x86 Root Drive
Disk /dev/sdd: 3957 MB, 3957325824 bytes <- MMC/SD card

lsblk:
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0 465.8G  0 disk 
├─sda1   8:1    0 446.9G  0 part /  <- x86 Root Partition
├─sda2   8:2    0     1K  0 part 
└─sda5   8:5    0  18.9G  0 part [SWAP]
sdd      8:48   1   3.7G  0 disk 
├─sdd1   8:49   1    64M  0 part 
└─sdd2   8:50   1   3.6G  0 part
  • In this example, we can see via mount, /dev/sda1 is the x86 rootfs, therefore /dev/sdd is the other drive in the system, which is the MMC/SD card that was inserted and should be used by ./setup_sdcard.sh...

Install Image:

Quick install script for [board] 

sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb board

board options:

  • BeagleBoard Ax/Bx/Cx/Dx - omap3-beagle
  • BeagleBoard xM - omap3-beagle-xm
  • BeagleBone White/Black/Green - beaglebone
  • OMAP5432 uEVM - omap5-uevm
  • BeagleBoard-X15 - am57xx-beagle-x15

So for the BeagleBoard xM: 

sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb omap3-beagle-xm

Advanced: Build Image: 

git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/omap-image-builder.git
cd omap-image-builder
git checkout v2015.11 -b tmp

Stable: 

./RootStock-NG.sh -c rcn-ee_console_ubuntu_trusty_armhf

Testing: 

./RootStock-NG.sh -c rcn-ee_console_ubuntu_xenial_armhf

Ubuntu Testing (xenial)

Image Updated:

  • 2015-11-13
    • BeagleBoard xM: v4.3.0-armv7-x0 kernel
    • BeagleBone White/Black/Green: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
    • OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel

Get prebuilt image: 

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/elinux/ubuntu-xenial-console-armhf-2015-11-13.tar.xz

Verify Image with: 

md5sum ubuntu-xenial-console-armhf-2015-11-13.tar.xz
de1ca6da053680fa3d4ab337e7b5342c  ubuntu-xenial-console-armhf-2015-11-13.tar.xz

Unpack image: 

tar xf ubuntu-xenial-console-armhf-2015-11-13.tar.xz
cd ubuntu-xenial-console-armhf-2015-11-13

Then follow the directions shown above with the other images...

Flasher

eMMC: BeagleBone Black/Green

This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager First press and hold the boot select button (next to the microSD card), then apply power. On bootup the board should indicate it has started the flashing procedure visually via a Cylon Sweep pattern shown on the 4 LED's next to the ethernet jack. Progress is reported on both the serial debug and hdmi connectors, once completed all 4 LED's should be full ON. Simply remove power, remove the microSD card and Ubuntu will now boot directly from eMMC.

Script for reference: (this is the script that writes to the eMMC) 

https://github.com/RobertCNelson/boot-scripts/blob/master/tools/eMMC/init-eMMC-flasher-v3.sh

This script will only take about 5-6 Minutes after power on.

Notes:

  • If only two LED's stay lit and nothing happens, the board has crashed due to lack of power. Retry with a 5Volt DC power supply connected.
  • If the 4 LED's blink a constant pattern, the eMMC write has failed. First REMOVE ALL capes, then retry again.

User: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Image Updated:

  • 2015-11-13
    • BeagleBone Black/Green: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
  • 2015-10-09
    • BeagleBone Black/Green: v4.1.10-ti-r21 kernel
  • 2015-09-11
    • BeagleBone Black/Green: v4.1.6-ti-r15 kernel

Get prebuilt image: 

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/flasher/BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/flasher/BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap

Verify Image with: 

md5sum BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb*
1f33ecbe120668b4d2e554d08d7a5362  BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap
fb9f5062f010b6c7dd53630814280cdb  BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz

Linux: (bmaptool 3.2) 

sudo bmaptool copy --bmap BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap \
BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz /dev/sdX

Linux: (dd) 

unxz BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
sudo dd if=./BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img of=/dev/sdX

eMMC: BeagleBoard-X15

This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager First press and hold the boot select button (next to the microSD card), then apply power. On bootup the board should indicate it has started the flashing procedure visually via a Cylon Sweep pattern shown on the 4 LED's next to the ethernet jack. Progress is reported on both the serial debug and hdmi connectors, once completed all 4 LED's should be full ON. Simply remove power, remove the microSD card and Ubuntu will now boot directly from eMMC.

Script for reference: (this is the script that writes to the eMMC) 

https://github.com/RobertCNelson/boot-scripts/blob/master/tools/eMMC/init-eMMC-flasher-v3.sh

This script will only take about 5-6 Minutes after power on.

Notes:

  • If only two LED's stay lit and nothing happens, the board has crashed due to lack of power. Retry with a 5Volt DC power supply connected.
  • If the 4 LED's blink a constant pattern, the eMMC write has failed. First REMOVE ALL capes, then retry again.

User: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Image Updated:

  • 2015-11-13
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
  • 2015-10-09
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.10-ti-r21 kernel
  • 2015-09-11
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.6-ti-r15 kernel

Get prebuilt image: 

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/flasher/bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/flasher/bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap

Verify Image with: 

md5sum bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb*
64a994770fa9e92b9076aef3dabd4011  bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap
45608d54cf3d5b74f84a30119009f0ae  bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz

Linux: (bmaptool 3.2) 

sudo bmaptool copy --bmap bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap \
bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz /dev/sdX

Linux: (dd) 

unxz bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
sudo dd if=./bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img of=/dev/sdX

raw microSD img

BeagleBone White/Black/Green

This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager

User: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Auto partition resize: 

cd /opt/scripts/tools
git pull
./grow_partition.sh
sudo reboot

Image Updated:

  • 2015-11-13
    • BeagleBone White/Black/Green: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
  • 2015-10-09
    • BeagleBone White/Black/Green: v4.1.10-ti-r21 kernel
  • 2015-09-11
    • BeagleBone White/Black/Green: v4.1.6-ti-r15 kernel

Get prebuilt image: 

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/microsd/bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/microsd/bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap

Verify Image with: 

md5sum bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb*
bbb1a4eb8d99de70629afb837972d28f  bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap
ea014cdd50e6043ef9e71ca314e747b9  bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz

Linux: (bmaptool 3.2) 

sudo bmaptool copy --bmap bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap \
bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz /dev/sdX

Linux: (dd) 

unxz bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
sudo dd if=./bone-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img of=/dev/sdX

OMAP5432 uEVM

This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager

User: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Auto partition resize: 

cd /opt/scripts/tools
git pull
./grow_partition.sh
sudo reboot

Image Updated:

  • 2015-11-13
    • OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
  • 2015-10-09
    • OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.1.10-ti-r21 kernel
  • 2015-09-11
    • OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.1.6-ti-r15 kernel

Get prebuilt image: 

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/microsd/omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/microsd/omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap

Verify Image with: 

md5sum omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb*
de9d84a19ed3bb29a8aa7bc2e51661ad  omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap
7916a044a7ce4f9f5bd92276b5d21175  omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz

Linux: (bmaptool 3.2) 

sudo bmaptool copy --bmap omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap \
omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz /dev/sdX

Linux: (dd) 

unxz omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
sudo dd if=./omap5-uevm-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img of=/dev/sdX

BeagleBoard-X15

This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager

User: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Auto partition resize: 

cd /opt/scripts/tools
git pull
./grow_partition.sh
sudo reboot

Image Updated:

  • 2015-11-13
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.12-ti-r29 kernel
  • 2015-10-09
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.10-ti-r21 kernel
  • 2015-09-11
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.1.6-ti-r15 kernel

Get prebuilt image: 

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/microsd/bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2015-11-13/microsd/bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap

Verify Image with: 

md5sum bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb*
43ebc464c665e411eb5fa4f97c6cd19a  bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap
ef95702b0590a22cd7d75cce0f61aff8  bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz

Linux: (bmaptool 3.2) 

sudo bmaptool copy --bmap bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.bmap \
bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz /dev/sdX

Linux: (dd) 

unxz bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img.xz
sudo dd if=./bbx15-ubuntu-14.04.3-console-armhf-2015-11-13-2gb.img of=/dev/sdX

Method 2: Use the NetInstall method

You will need a 1GB/2GB/4GB/8GB SD card or greater. 

Standard system : ~700 MB

Report Bugs/Issues to: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/netinstall/issues (anywhere else will be ignored..)

Download the netinstall script: 

git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/netinstall.git
cd netinstall

Currently supported Ubuntu distributions: 

--distro oneiric (11.10)
--distro precise-armhf (12.04)
--distro quantal (12.10)
--distro raring (13.04)
--distro saucy (13.10)

Device: <board> selection: 

*BeagleBoard Ax/Bx/Cx  - omap3-beagle
*BeagleBoard xMA/B/C   - omap3-beagle-xm
*BeagleBone Ax         - am335x-bone-serial
*BeagleBone (DVI cape) - am335x-bone-video
*BeagleBone Black      - am335x-boneblack
*PandaBoard Ax     - omap4-panda
*PandaBoard A4+    - omap4-panda-a4
*PandaBoard ES     - omap4-panda-es

Installation script for new <board> selection: (slowly migrating all devices to this method) 

sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb <board> --distro <distro>

So for the xM: with quantal: 

sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb omap3-beagle-xm --distro quantal
  • Other Options:
    • --firmware : installs firmware
    • --serial-mode : debian-installer uses Serial Port

Place SD card into BeagleBoard and boot:

Configure the network: 

usb0: USB net <- (usually the OTG port)
eth0: USB net <- (usually the smsc95xx adapter on the BeagleBoard and PandaBoard)
wlan0: Wifi <- Your USDB-Wi-Fi device..

See my notes for my testing procedure: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/netinstall/blob/master/test.Ubuntu

Troubleshooting: If booting fails..

  • Hold the user button down to force booting from MMC
  • Upgrade X-loader and U-boot Upgrade X-loader and U-Boot
  • Clear U-boot's Environment Variables in NAND:
nand erase 260000 20000

NetInstall assumptions: 

Assume asll <default>'s... Thanks you preseed.conf!!!

Method 3: Manual Install (no automatic scripts)

Note, this section used to have a lot of details, but maintenance of the two wiki's became a pain, so for now on we will just link to my other pages:

Beagle/Beagle xM

http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBoard

BeagleBone

http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBone

BeagleBone Black

http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBone+Black

Panda/Panda ES

http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/PandaBoard

Advanced

Install Latest Kernel Image

Script: 

cd /opt/scripts/tools
git pull

Stable: 

./update_kernel.sh

Testing: 

./update_kernel.sh --beta-kernel

Custom: (has to be on rcn-ee.net) 

./update_kernel.sh --kernel v3.8.13-bone69

Reboot with your new Kernel Image.

Upgrade X-loader and U-boot

  • Note: the functionality of the "X-Loader" project has been merged as u-boot spl.

Compatibility with older Ax, Bx, Cx, and Dx BeagleBoards

Note: Sometimes on these older boards, you just have to clear out the stored U-Boot environment variables in NAND to make this script work: 

nand erase 260000 20000

Or: To fully erase the entire NAND: 

nand erase.chip

Requires MMC card: 

git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/flasher.git
cd flasher

For the Beagle Ax/Bx 

sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot beagle_bx

For the Beagle Cx/Dx 

sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot beagle_cx

1: Plug-in a serial cable and start the serial terminal program
2: Place MMC card in Beagle
3: Push and hold the user button
4: Plug-in power
5: Wait for U-Boot countdown to finish, then release the user button
6: Wait for flashing/script to end
7: Power down, remove and reformat MMC card to final OS

If you don't know the location of your SD card: 

sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --probe-mmc

You should see something like: 

Are you sure? I don't see [/dev/idontknow], here is what I do see...

fdisk -l:
Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes <- x86 Root Drive
Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 3957 MB, 3957325824 bytes <- MMC/SD card

mount:
/dev/sda1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro,commit=0) <- x86 Root Partition
  • In this example, we can see via mount, /dev/sda1 is the x86 rootfs, therefore /dev/mmcblk0 is the other drive in the system, which is the MMC/SD card that was inserted and should be used by the ./mk_mmc.sh script.

SGX Drivers

SGX BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black

Note, these are FBDEV only, no xorg/x11/etc...

Install sgx modules (3.14.x-ti or 4.1.x kernel): 

sudo apt-get install ti-sgx-es8-modules-`uname -r`
sudo depmod -a `uname -r`
sudo update-initramfs -uk `uname -r`

Build SGX userspace for 3.14.x-ti (must be done on an x86, due to the TI 5.01.01.02 blob extractor) 

git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/ti-linux-kernel-dev.git
cd ti-linux-kernel-dev/
git checkout origin/ti-linux-3.14.y -b tmp-sgx
./sgx_create_package.sh

Build SGX userspace for 4.1.x (must be done on an x86, due to the TI 5.01.01.02 blob extractor) 

git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/bb-kernel.git
cd bb-kernel/
git checkout origin/am33x-v4.1 -b tmp-sgx
./sgx_create_package.sh

Copy ./deploy/GFX_5.01.01.02.tar.gz to BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black and install 

sudo tar xfv GFX_5.01.01.02.tar.gz -C /
cd /opt/gfxinstall/
sudo ./sgx-install.sh
sudo reboot

Verify omaplfb & pvrsrvkm loaded 

debian@arm:~$ lsmod | grep omaplfb
omaplfb                12065  0 
pvrsrvkm              178782  1 omaplfb

Xorg Drivers

Script: 

cd /opt/scripts/tools/
git pull

BeagleBoard/PandaBoard: 

cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
./ti-omapdrm.sh

BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black: 

cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
./ti-tilcdc.sh

Swapfile

Using a File for Swap Instead of a Partition

On the Beagleboard you should expect to require a swap file given the limitation of how little RAM is available (between 256 MB and 512 MB). Some system programs like apt-get will only run properly when some swap space is present (due to 256 MB not being enough RAM).

Some images (such as those from Linaro.org) do not come with a swap partition or any swap space allocated.

Under Linux, swap space can be either a dedicated partition or a swap file. Both can be mounted as swap which the OS can access.

Creating a Swapfile

The following commands will create a 1 GB file, limit access only to root, format it as swap and then make it available to the OS: 

sudo mkdir -p /var/cache/swap/   
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/var/cache/swap/swapfile bs=1M count=1024
sudo chmod 0600 /var/cache/swap/swapfile 
sudo mkswap /var/cache/swap/swapfile 
sudo swapon /var/cache/swap/swapfile

To tell the OS to load this swapfile on each start up, edit the /etc/fstab file to include the following additional line: 

/var/cache/swap/swapfile    none    swap    sw    0   0

To verify that the swapfile is accessilble as swap to the OS, run "top" or "htop" at a console.

Ubuntu Software

Wi-Fi Networking (command line)

/etc/network/interfaces

It is relatively easy to configure a Wi-Fi card from the command line.

You will need to edit the /etc/network/interfaces file. There are several guides available via Google.

This is a particularly useful guide https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=202834

A sample /etc/network/interfaces file for a WPA2 encrypted access point is: 

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
wpa-driver wext
wpa-ssid <NAME OF AP>
wpa-ap-scan 1
wpa-proto RSN
wpa-pairwise CCMP
wpa-group CCMP
wpa-key-mgmt WPA-PSK
wpa-psk <INSERT KEY XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX>

Your Wi-Fi card will automatically load these settings upon startup and initialize wireless network access.

Lightweight window managers

If you intend to use Ubuntu on the BeagleBoard you can install JWM or IceWM to improve performance.

JWM in particular uses little RAM. On a BeagleBoard with 256 MB, using JWM will leave about 60 MB free in which to run applications.

Web Apps

Midori

Given that the BeagleBoard has fewer resources than a desktop a lightweight browser is more responsive. Midori is a lightweight browser that still supports flash, etc. It is available from the standard repositories: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midori_%28web_browser%29

Surveillance

Motion

If you have a video source (webcam, IP cam, etc.) which appears as /dev/video0, etc. then you can use the Linux surveillance software "motion" to monitor the video stream and record periods of activity.

Motion is also available from the standard repositories: http://www.debian-administration.org/article/An_Introduction_to_Video_Surveillance_with_%27Motion%27 Using a 960x720 resolution webcam with a 15 fps rate under the UVC driver the Rev C BeagleBoard under Xubuntu reports ~60% CPU utilisation.

To make the BeagleBoard automatically start recording on boot, do the following:

  • Auto Login - run "gdmsetup" from a terminal and select a user to automatically login
  • Sessions - make sure you don't save any previous X Windows sessions so that it doesn't prompt you for which one you want
  • motion.conf - edit /etc/motion/motion.conf to use the settings you want (that is, video output directory, record only video, record in MPEG-4, set frame rate, etc). Do this with "sudo medit /etc/motion/motion.conf" at a prompt.
  • Boot script - create a new script in /etc/rc2.d called "S65motion_client" and set permissions appropriately ("sudo chmod 777 /etc/rc2.d/S65motion_client"). Then edit the file so it contains the following lines:
#! /bin/sh
/usr/bin/motion -c /etc/motion/motion.conf

This will now launch the motion client as root when you boot up.

Also note that unless your BeagleBoard can remember the time (battery backed up clock installed), the timestamps will not be correct until you update the time. If your BeagleBoard has an Internet connection this can be achieved using the ntpdate application.

Robotics

ROS

ROS (Robot Operating System) provides libraries and tools to help software developers create robot applications. It provides hardware abstraction, device drivers, libraries, visualizers, message-passing, package management, and more. ROS is licensed under an open source, BSD license.

There are currently builds of ROS for Ubuntu Trusty armhf. These builds include most but not all packages, and save a considerable amount of time compared to doing a full source-based installation:

http://wiki.ros.org/indigo/Installation/UbuntuARM

Alternatively ROS can be installed from source and is generally easy to do so (although slow).

For more information about ROS, see www.ros.org.

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