Difference between revisions of "BeagleBoardUbuntu"

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[[Category:Development Boards]]
 
[[Category:Development Boards]]
 
[[Category: BeagleBoard]]
 
[[Category: BeagleBoard]]
This page is about running a (ARM EABI) [http://www.ubuntu.com/ Ubuntu] distribution at [[BeagleBoard]]. BeagleBoard will boot the (ARM EABI) Ubuntu distribution from [[BeagleBoard#MMC.2FSD_boot|SD card]].
+
''(For BeagleBoardAngstrom, click [[BeagleBoardAngstrom|here]].)''
 +
''(Should [[Beagleboard:Ubuntu On BeagleBone Black]] be merged into this page?)''
  
Note: for the best experience, make sure you have an LCD attached to the HDMI port, 2GB/4GB/8GB SD card, and a known good usb2.0 hub with mouse and keyboard.
+
This page is about running a Linux distribution (ARM [https://wiki.debian.org/ArmEabiPort EABI]) [http://www.ubuntu.com/ Ubuntu] on the [[BeagleBoard]]. BeagleBoard will boot the (ARM EABI) Ubuntu distribution from the [[BeagleBoard#MMC.2FSD_boot|SD card]]. Since much of this page is generic, it has also been extended to help support devices such as the [[PandaBoard]] and [[BeagleBone]].
 +
 
 +
* For the best experience, make sure you have an LCD/HDMI monitor attached to the BeagleBoard's HDMI port, 2 GB/4 GB/8 GB SD card, and a known good USB 2.0 hub with mouse and keyboard.
  
 
= Help =
 
= Help =
Line 12: Line 15:
  
 
*Kernel related help:
 
*Kernel related help:
** [http://groups.google.com/group/beagleboard Email Beagleboard user group] *Recommended method
+
** [https://groups.google.com/group/beagleboard Email Beagleboard user group] *Recommended method
** ''#beagle'': Beagle irc on freenode, accessible also by [http://beagleboard.org/discuss web interface] ([http://www.beagleboard.org/irclogs/index.php logs])
+
** ''#beagle'': Beagle IRC on Freenode, accessible also by [http://beagleboard.org/discuss web interface] ([http://www.beagleboard.org/irclogs/index.php logs])
** [https://launchpad.net/~beagleboard-kernel Launchpad Project "Beagleboard Kernel"]
+
** Kernel Trees
*** [https://code.launchpad.net/~beagleboard-kernel/+junk/2.6-stable Stable Kernel 2.6.34 src]
+
*** [https://github.com/RobertCNelson/armv7-multiplatform/ v3.17.x kernel branch]
*** [https://code.launchpad.net/~beagleboard-kernel/+junk/2.6.35-devel Development Kernel src]
+
*** [https://github.com/RobertCNelson/linux-dev Development Kernel source code]
** [http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntuKernel Kernel Testing Results]
 
  
 
*Ubuntu related help:
 
*Ubuntu related help:
** ''#ubuntu-arm'': Ubuntu's arm irc on freenode ([http://irclogs.ubuntu.com/ logs] -> year -> month -> day -> #ubuntu-arm.html)
+
** ''#ubuntu-arm'': Ubuntu's ARM IRC on Freenode ([http://irclogs.ubuntu.com/ logs] -> year -> month -> day -> #ubuntu-arm.html)
  
*When asking for help, please provide some debugging information:
+
*When requesting help, please provide some debugging information:
 
** U-Boot Version installed on board
 
** U-Boot Version installed on board
 
** Kernel Version: uname -a
 
** Kernel Version: uname -a
Line 30: Line 32:
 
= Required Beagle Software =  
 
= Required Beagle Software =  
  
X-loader/MLO (1.4.4ss) & U-Boot (2010.03) (Zippy1 & Zippy2 Support)
+
Mainline U-Boot:
* All Bx, C2/3/4 Boards are required to upgrade to atleast these MLO and U-Boot versions.
+
* All older BeagleBoard (classic) Ax, Bx, Cx and Dx boards are required to upgrade to at least these U-Boot versions
* XM Boards have no NAND, so u-boot.bin is always required on the first partition
+
* XM Boards have no NAND, so MLO/u-boot.img is always required on the first partition
 
* Directions: [http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Upgrade_X-loader_and_U-boot Upgrade X-loader and U-Boot]
 
* Directions: [http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Upgrade_X-loader_and_U-boot Upgrade X-loader and U-Boot]
  
=Demo Image=
+
= Omap Serial Changes =
== Lucid 10.04 ==
+
 
 +
boot.scr/boot.cmd changes:
 +
 
 +
With 2.6.35:
 +
console=ttyS2,115200n8
 +
 
 +
With 2.6.36/37+:
 +
console=ttyO2,115200n8
 +
 
 +
Serial console login: /etc/init/ttyO2.conf
 +
start on stopped rc RUNLEVEL=[2345]
 +
stop on runlevel [!2345]
 +
 +
respawn
 +
exec /sbin/getty 115200 ttyO2
 +
 
 +
= Method 1: Download a Complete Pre-Configured Image =
 +
== Demo Image ==
  
Built with:
+
* '''Advanced Users only''': BeagleBoard xM: Kernel source, used in these demo images: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/armv7-multiplatform
  sudo ./rootstock --fqdn beagleboard --login ubuntu --password temppwd --imagesize 2G \
+
  git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/armv7-multiplatform.git
  --seed wget,nano,linux-firmware,wireless-tools,usbutils --dist lucid --serial ttyS2 \
+
cd armv7-multiplatform
  --script fixup.sh --components "main universe multiverse" \
+
  git checkout origin/v4.9.x -b tmp
  --kernel-image http://rcn-ee.net/deb/kernel/beagle/lucid/v2.6.32.11-l13/linux-image-2.6.32.11-l13_1.0lucid_armel.deb
+
  ./build_kernel.sh
 +
* '''Advanced Users only''': BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black: Kernel v4.4.x source, used in these demo images: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/ti-linux-kernel-dev/tree/ti-linux-4.4.y
 +
git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/ti-linux-kernel-dev.git
 +
cd ti-linux-kernel-dev
 +
git checkout origin/ti-linux-4.4.y -b tmp
 +
./build_kernel.sh
  
Get prebuilt image:
+
=== Ubuntu (16.04.1) ===
  
wget http://rcn-ee.net/deb/rootfs/ubuntu-10.04-minimal-armel.tar.7z
+
Default username/password:
mirrors (updating):
+
*username: ubuntu
wget http://ynezz.ibawizard.net/beagleboard/ubuntu-10.04-minimal-armel.tar.7z
+
*password: temppwd
wget http://vivaphp.net/beagle/ubuntu-10.04-minimal-armel.tar.7z
 
wget http://174.120.189.162/~amit/download/ubuntu-10.04-minimal-armel.tar.7z
 
  
Unpack it: (sudo apt-get install p7zip-full for 7za)
+
Image Updated:
 +
*2017-01-13
 +
** BeagleBoard xM: v4.9.3-armv7-x4 kernel
 +
** All BeagleBone Varients: v4.4.40-ti-r80 kernel
 +
** OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.4.40-ti-r80 kernel
 +
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.40-ti-r80 kernel
 +
*2016-11-10
 +
** BeagleBoard xM: v4.8.7-armv7-x4 kernel
 +
** All BeagleBone Varients: v4.4.30-ti-r66 kernel
 +
** OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.4.30-ti-r66 kernel
 +
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.30-ti-r66 kernel
 +
*2016-10-06
 +
** BeagleBoard xM: v4.8.0-armv7-x2 kernel
 +
** All BeagleBone Varients: v4.4.23-ti-r51 kernel
 +
** OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.4.23-ti-r51 kernel
 +
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.23-ti-r51 kernel
  
  7za x ubuntu-10.04-minimal-armel.tar.7z
+
Services Active:
  tar xf ubuntu-10.04-minimal-armel.tar
+
  Note: Depending on your internal network these may work out of the box
  cd ubuntu-10.04-minimal-armel
+
Apache, Port 80: http://arm.local/ (Bone: via usb) http://192.168.7.2
 +
  SSH, Port 22: ssh ubuntu@arm.local (Bone: via usb) ubuntu@192.168.7.2
 +
  Getty, Serial Port
  
Quick Install script for Beagle Bx, C2 & C3
+
Default user: ubuntu pass: temppwd
./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot beagle
 
  
Quick Install script for Beagle C4 (forces 720Mhz)
+
Get prebuilt image:
  ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot beagle_c4
+
  wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2017-01-13/elinux/ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13.tar.xz
  
*Hotfix for users with cards that are mounted as "/dev/mmcblk0p1" that will be included in the next upload (most netbooks with integrated mmc card..)
+
Verify Image with:
  wget http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~beagleboard-kernel/+junk/image-builder/download/head:/setup_sdcard.sh-20100409005705-0qmm36b13opq2x2z-1/setup_sdcard.sh
+
sha256sum ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13.tar.xz
 +
  d222003d3813c1b3a1a90731453e735a9ba7afc19de29c3c72bd7eb71a99eeb6  ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13.tar.xz
  
*Additional Options
+
Unpack Image:
** --rootfs <ext3 default>
+
tar xf ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13.tar.xz
** --swap_file <swap file size in MB's>
+
cd ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13
  
md5sum: 71c9f2372283752a7f410075001c1d76 ubuntu-10.04-minimal-armel.tar.7z
+
If you don't know the location of your SD card:
 +
  sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --probe-mmc
  
== Lucid 10.04 Xfce4 ==
+
You should see something like:
  
Removed due to broken gdm (users not shown, default to xterm) Should have a new upload in a couple days.
+
Are you sure? I don't see [/dev/idontknow], here is what I do see...
 +
 +
fdisk -l:
 +
Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes '''<- x86 Root Drive'''
 +
Disk /dev/sdd: 3957 MB, 3957325824 bytes '''<- MMC/SD card'''
 +
 +
lsblk:
 +
NAME  MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
 +
sda      8:0    0 465.8G  0 disk
 +
├─sda1  8:1    0 446.9G  0 part /  '''<- x86 Root Partition'''
 +
├─sda2  8:2    0    1K  0 part
 +
└─sda5  8:5    0  18.9G  0 part [SWAP]
 +
sdd      8:48  1  3.7G  0 disk
 +
├─sdd1  8:49  1    64M  0 part
 +
└─sdd2  8:50  1  3.6G  0 part
  
== Maverick 10.10 Alpha-2 ==
+
* In this example, we can see via mount, '''/dev/sda1''' is the x86 rootfs, therefore '''/dev/sdd''' is the other drive in the system, which is the MMC/SD card that was inserted and should be used by ./setup_sdcard.sh...
  
Built with:
+
Install Image:
sudo ./rootstock --fqdn beagleboard --login ubuntu --password temppwd --imagesize 2G \
 
--seed wget,nano,linux-firmware,wireless-tools,usbutils --dist maverick --serial ttyS2 \
 
--script fixup.sh --components "main universe multiverse" \
 
--kernel-image http://rcn-ee.net/deb/maverick/v2.6.34-l2/linux-image-2.6.34-l2_1.0maverick_armel.deb
 
  
fixup.sh: http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~beagleboard-kernel/%2Bjunk/image-builder/annotate/head:/tools/fixup.sh
+
Quick install script for [board]
 +
sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb board
  
Get prebuilt image:
+
board options:
 +
*BeagleBoard Ax/Bx/Cx/Dx          - omap3-beagle
 +
*BeagleBoard xM                  - omap3-beagle-xm
 +
*All BeagleBone Varients          - beaglebone
 +
*OMAP5432 uEVM                    - omap5-uevm
 +
*BeagleBoard-X15                  - am57xx-beagle-x15
  
wget http://rcn-ee.net/deb/rootfs/maverick/ubuntu-maverick-alpha2-minimal-armel.tar.7z
+
So for the BeagleBoard xM:
mirrors (will take some time to update):
+
  sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb omap3-beagle-xm
  wget http://ynezz.ibawizard.net/beagleboard/maverick/ubuntu-maverick-alpha2-minimal-armel.tar.7z
 
wget http://vivaphp.net/beagle/maverick/ubuntu-maverick-alpha2-minimal-armel.tar.7z
 
  
md5sum: b681caac004e14029fb144fae1c97232  ubuntu-maverick-alpha2-minimal-armel.tar.7z
+
Advanced: Build Image:
  
Unpack it: (sudo apt-get install p7zip-full for 7za)
+
git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/omap-image-builder.git
 +
cd omap-image-builder
 +
git checkout v2017.01 -b tmp
  
7za x ubuntu-maverick-alpha2-minimal-armel.tar.7z
+
Stable:
tar xf ubuntu-maverick-alpha2-minimal-armel.tar
 
cd ubuntu-maverick-alpha2-minimal-armel
 
  
Quick Install script for Beagle Bx, C2/C3/C4
+
  ./RootStock-NG.sh -c rcn-ee_console_ubuntu_xenial_armhf
  ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot beagle
 
  
*Additional Options
+
== Flasher ==
** --rootfs <ext3 default>
 
** --swap_file <swap file size in MB's>
 
  
= NetInstall Method =
+
=== eMMC: All BeagleBone Varients with eMMC ===
  
The NetInstall Method, allows you to install Ubuntu directly onto your Beagle by pre-populating a boot image that will perform the complete install.   
+
This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager  First press and hold the boot select button (next to the microSD card), then apply power. On bootup the board should indicate it has started the flashing procedure visually via a Cylon Sweep pattern shown on the 4 LED's next to the ethernet jack. Progress is reported on both the serial debug and hdmi connectors, once completed all 4 LED's should be full ONSimply remove power, remove the microSD card and Ubuntu will now boot directly from eMMC.
  
Note: The boot arg's are stored in boot.scr which will be copied to the first partition.
+
Script for reference: (this is the script that writes to the eMMC)
 +
https://github.com/RobertCNelson/boot-scripts/blob/master/tools/eMMC/init-eMMC-flasher-v3.sh
  
Recommended:
+
This script will only take about 5-6 Minutes after power on.
* 2GB+ SD card
 
* USB Ethernet/Wifi
 
  
Script Source: https://code.launchpad.net/~beagleboard-kernel/+junk/debian-di
+
Notes:
 +
* If only two LED's stay lit and nothing happens, the board has crashed due to lack of power. Retry with a 5Volt DC power supply connected.
 +
* If the 4 LED's blink a constant pattern, the eMMC write has failed. First REMOVE ALL capes, then retry again.
  
Install bzr
+
User: ubuntu
sudo apt-get install bzr
+
pass: temppwd
  
Download debian-di script
+
Image Updated:
bzr branch lp:~beagleboard-kernel/+junk/debian-di
+
*2017-01-13
 +
** All BeagleBone Varients with eMMC: v4.4.40-ti-r80 kernel
 +
*2016-11-10
 +
** All BeagleBone Varients with eMMC: v4.4.30-ti-r66 kernel
 +
*2016-10-06
 +
** All BeagleBone Varients with eMMC: v4.4.23-ti-r51 kernel
  
Discover SD/MMC Partition
+
Get prebuilt image:
  sudo fdisk -l
+
  wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2017-01-13/flasher/BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz
  
Run Script
+
Verify Image with:
  cd debian-di
+
  sha256sum BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb*
  ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --distro lucid --firmware
+
  88f43ea39219da8aa3f3646e637908d011fbff8afbdf1cf115351f36229c9eef  BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz
  
*Options:
+
Windows/Mac/Linux gui
**--distro : lucid
+
http://etcher.io
**--firmware : install firmware for WiFi devices
 
**--serial-mode : force NetInstall to use Serial Port
 
  
Note: The default boot options work for most people, but if you'd like to tweak boot settings, edit these before running the script.
+
Linux: (dd)
   
+
  xzcat BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX
NetInstall boot Settings:
 
gedit ./debian-di/scripts/dvi.cmd
 
gedit ./debian-di/scripts/serial.cmd
 
 
Normal Boot Settings:
 
gedit ./debian-di/scripts/dvi-normal-lucid.cmd
 
gedit ./debian-di/scripts/serial-normal-lucid.cmd
 
  
Place SD card into Beagle and Boot
+
=== eMMC: BeagleBoard-X15 ===
  
Troubshooting: If boot fails..
+
This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager  First press and hold the boot select button (next to the microSD card), then apply power. On bootup the board should indicate it has started the flashing procedure visually via a Cylon Sweep pattern shown on the 4 LED's next to the ethernet jack. Progress is reported on both the serial debug and hdmi connectors, once completed all 4 LED's should be full ON. Simply remove power, remove the microSD card and Ubuntu will now boot directly from eMMC.
*Hold the user button down to force booting from MMC
 
*Upgrade X-loader and U-boot [http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Upgrade_X-loader_and_U-boot Upgrade X-loader and U-Boot]
 
*Clear U-boot's Environment Variables in nand:
 
  nand erase 260000 20000
 
  
NetInstall assumptions:
+
Script for reference: (this is the script that writes to the eMMC)
  Continue with out Kernel Modules <yes>
+
  https://github.com/RobertCNelson/boot-scripts/blob/master/tools/eMMC/init-eMMC-flasher-v3.sh
Partition <Guided - use the largest continuous free space>
 
  
= RootStock: Build an Ubuntu root file system =
+
This script will only take about 5-6 Minutes after power on.
  
== Ubuntu Version's ==
+
Notes:
This guide only covers the latest Ubuntu stable (lucid) release and notes for the testing (lucid+1) dists. Notes for older release's can be found here:
+
* If only two LED's stay lit and nothing happens, the board has crashed due to lack of power. Retry with a 5Volt DC power supply connected.
 +
* If the 4 LED's blink a constant pattern, the eMMC write has failed. First REMOVE ALL capes, then retry again.
  
* Jaunty, aka Ubuntu 9.04, is the very-old-stable version (armv5 optimized)
+
User: ubuntu
** TODO: http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntuJaunty
+
pass: temppwd
* Karmic, aka Ubuntu 9.10, is the old-stable version  (armv6 optimized)
 
** http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntuKarmic
 
* Lucid, aka Ubuntu 10.04 is the stable version (armv7 optimized)
 
** TODO: http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntuLucid
 
* Maverick, aka Ubuntu 10.10 is the development version. Currently listed here as 'testing'. (armv7 optimized)
 
** TODO: http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntuMaverick
 
  
== Install RootStock ==
+
Image Updated:
 +
*2017-01-13
 +
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.40-ti-r80 kernel
 +
*2016-11-10
 +
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.30-ti-r66 kernel
 +
*2016-10-06
 +
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.23-ti-r51 kernel
  
This is based off Ubuntu's RootStock Project; [https://launchpad.net/project-rootstock RootStock] script.
+
Get prebuilt image:
 +
wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2017-01-13/flasher/bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz
  
Debian Squeeze
+
Verify Image with:
  (unsupported as tested on 4/28/2010, qemu segfaults)
+
  sha256sum bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb*
 +
f1ff6ca3fb329dd060079f3814cfc3fa9d12f6a3cf8cc3937b4dc2318d1b60d2  bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz
  
Karmic (9.10)
+
Windows/Mac/Linux gui
sudo apt-get install (FIXME: rootstock minimum requirements)
+
  http://etcher.io
  bzr branch lp:project-rootstock
 
cd project-rootstock
 
bzr revert -r 94  (Commit 95, isn't supported by Karmic's QEMU)
 
*qemu: unknown parameter 'aio' in 'file=/tmp/tmp.QxNNQAxEyv/qemu-armel-201004221701.img,aio=native,cache=none'
 
  
Lucid (10.04)
+
Linux: (dd)
  sudo apt-get install rootstock
+
  xzcat bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX
  
== RootStock ==
+
== raw microSD img ==
  
=== RootStock: Useful seed Packages ===
+
=== BeagleBoard xM ===
  
Useful Packages:
+
This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager
linux-firmware,wireless-tools :wifi adapters..
 
ntpdate :sync real time clock from network
 
  
GUI's (broken bug: FIXME)
+
User: ubuntu
xfce4: xfce4,gdm,xubuntu-gdm-theme,xubuntu-artwork
+
pass: temppwd
  
=== RootStock: Running ===
+
Auto partition resize:
 +
cd /opt/scripts/tools
 +
git pull
 +
./grow_partition.sh
 +
sudo reboot
  
Rootstock Command line:
+
Image Updated:
sudo ./rootstock --fqdn <hostname> --login <rootuser> --password <rootuserpasswd> --imagesize <qemu image size> \
+
*2017-01-13
--seed <packages> --dist <jaunty/karmic/lucid> --serial <ttySx>  --kernel-image <http>
+
** BeagleBoard xM: v4.9.3-armv7-x4 kernel
 +
*2016-11-10
 +
** BeagleBoard xM: v4.8.7-armv7-x4 kernel
 +
*2016-10-06
 +
** BeagleBoard xM: v4.8.0-armv7-x2 kernel
  
Basic Lucid (10.04) Beagleboard minimal image:
+
Get prebuilt image:
  sudo ./rootstock --fqdn beagleboard --login ubuntu --password temppwd --imagesize 2G \
+
  wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2017-01-13/microsd/bbxm-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz
--seed wget,nano,linux-firmware,wireless-tools,usbutils --dist lucid --serial ttyS2 \
 
--components "main universe multiverse" \
 
--kernel-image http://rcn-ee.net/deb/lucid/v2.6.33.4-l3/linux-image-2.6.33.4-l3_1.0lucid_armel.deb
 
  
Upon Completion, you should have:
+
Verify Image with:
  armel-rootfs-<date>.tgz  -> Root file System, dump to ext2/3 partition of SD card
+
  sha256sum bbxm-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb*
  vmlinuz-2.6.<version>    -> Boot Image, use mkimage to create uImage and dump to the first fat16 partition of SD card
+
  f00018b2ab5bafbd56b8e40fcd9440956b841e4ef12cc0a5df5897a54317d925  bbxm-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz
initrd.img-2.6.<version> -> Boot initramfs, use mkimage to create uInitrd and dump to the first fat16 partition of SD card
 
  
== Partition SD Card ==
+
Windows/Mac/Linux gui
You will need a 1GB SD card or greater.
+
  http://etcher.io
  Standard Console System : ~286MB
 
+ Desktop environment (lxde,gdm) : ~479MB
 
  
Starting with an empty SD card and using gparted, create:
+
Linux: (dd)
  50 MiB Primary Partition, fat16/fat32
+
  xzcat bbxm-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX
Rest as ext2/ext3/ext4/btrfs
 
  
Gparted Example: http://nishanthmenon.blogspot.com/2008/08/how-to-boot-beagle.html
+
=== All BeagleBone Varients ===
  
For Reference:
+
This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager
Disk /dev/sdd: 2038 MB, 2038431744 bytes
 
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 247 cylinders
 
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
 
Disk identifier: 0x0008e471
 
 
    Device Boot      Start        End      Blocks  Id  System
 
/dev/sdd1              1          6      48163+  6  FAT16
 
/dev/sdd2              7        247    1935832+  83  Linux
 
  
== Copy Root File System to SD Card ==
+
User: ubuntu
 +
pass: temppwd
  
Mount your SD card's larger root file system partition (assuming /dev/sdX2) and 'untar' the rootfs into it.
+
Auto partition resize:
 +
cd /opt/scripts/tools
 +
git pull
 +
./grow_partition.sh
 +
sudo reboot
  
mkdir -p ./tmp
+
Image Updated:
sudo mount /dev/sdX2 ./tmp
+
*2017-01-13
sudo tar xfp armel-rootfs-*.tgz -C ./tmp
+
** All BeagleBone Varients: v4.4.40-ti-r80 kernel
sudo umount ./tmp
+
*2016-11-10
 +
** All BeagleBone Varients: v4.4.30-ti-r66 kernel
 +
*2016-10-06
 +
** All BeagleBone Varients: v4.4.23-ti-r51 kernel
  
== Boot Partition ==
+
Get prebuilt image:
 +
wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2017-01-13/microsd/bone-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz
  
Requirements:
+
Verify Image with:
 +
sha256sum bone-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb*
 +
d196f5c99998b212d527785a6b2cb4689daa2d0b28d207bc64faa54af9300ef7  bone-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz
  
  sudo apt-get install uboot-mkimage
+
Windows/Mac/Linux gui
 +
  http://etcher.io
  
=== U-Boot uImage ===
+
Linux: (dd)
 +
xzcat bone-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX
  
U-Boot needs a compatible kernel image to boot.  To do this, we are using mkimage from (uboot-mkimage) to create an image from the vmlinuz kernel file.
+
=== OMAP5432 uEVM ===
  
mkimage -A arm -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0x80008000 -e 0x80008000 -n "Linux" -d ./vmlinuz-* ./uImage
+
This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager
  
=== U-Boot uInitrd ===
+
User: ubuntu
 +
pass: temppwd
  
This step is Optional, but it helps with the lucid and Lucid++ experience.
+
Auto partition resize:
 +
cd /opt/scripts/tools
 +
git pull
 +
./grow_partition.sh
 +
sudo reboot
  
mkimage -A arm -O linux -T ramdisk -C none -a 0 -e 0 -n initramfs -d ./initrd.img-* ./uInitrd
+
Image Updated:
 +
*2017-01-13
 +
** OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.4.40-ti-r80 kernel
 +
*2016-11-10
 +
** OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.4.30-ti-r66 kernel
 +
*2016-10-06
 +
** OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.4.23-ti-r51 kernel
  
=== U-Boot Boot Scripts ===
+
Get prebuilt image:
The version of U-Boot installed or recommended to install uses boot scripts by default. This allows users to easily switch between multiple SD cards with different OS's with different parameters installed. Ubuntu/Debian requires a slight modification to the bootargs line vs. Angstrom, 'ro' vs 'rw'.
+
wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2017-01-13/microsd/omap5-uevm-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz
  
  fixrtc: (only uInitrd) Resets RTC based on last mount
+
Verify Image with:
  buddy=${buddy}: (both) Kernel Zippy1/2 Support
+
  sha256sum omap5-uevm-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb*
 +
  684acb885df9f36d08912b18dfa07697a7994ffff5053f5bbe3e0781f0812e15  omap5-uevm-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz
  
create ubuntu.cmd
+
Windows/Mac/Linux gui
  setenv bootcmd 'mmc init; fatload mmc 0:1 0x80300000 uImage; bootm 0x80300000'
+
  http://etcher.io
setenv bootargs console=tty0 console=ttyS2,115200n8 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootwait ro vram=12M omapfb.mode=dvi:1280x720MR-16@60 buddy=${buddy}
 
boot
 
  
With optional uInitrd:
+
Linux: (dd)
create ubuntu.cmd:
+
xzcat omap5-uevm-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX
setenv bootcmd 'mmc init; fatload mmc 0:1 0x80300000 uImage; fatload mmc 0:1 0x81600000 uInitrd; bootm 0x80300000 0x81600000'
 
setenv bootargs console=tty0 console=ttyS2,115200n8 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootwait ro vram=12M omapfb.mode=dvi:1280x720MR-16@60 fixrtc buddy=${buddy}
 
boot
 
  
Use mkimage create to actual *.scr file for U-Boot:
+
=== BeagleBoard-X15 ===
  
mkimage -A arm -O linux -T script -C none -a 0 -e 0 -n "Ubuntu 10.04" -d ./ubuntu.cmd ./ubuntu.scr
+
This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager
  
=== Copy to Boot Partition ===
+
User: ubuntu
 +
pass: temppwd
  
Mount your SD card fat16/fat32 partition (assuming /dev/sdX1) and copy the uImage, boot.scr, and optional uInitrd to the first partition.
+
Auto partition resize:
 +
cd /opt/scripts/tools
 +
git pull
 +
./grow_partition.sh
 +
sudo reboot
  
mkdir -p ./tmp
+
Image Updated:
sudo mount /dev/sdX1 ./tmp
+
*2017-01-13
sudo cp ./uImage ./tmp/uImage
+
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.40-ti-r80 kernel
sudo cp ./uInitrd ./tmp/uInitrd
+
*2016-11-10
+
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.30-ti-r66 kernel
Beagle:
+
*2016-10-06
sudo cp ./ubuntu.scr ./tmp/boot.scr
+
** BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.23-ti-r51 kernel
 
IGEPv2:
 
sudo cp ./ubuntu.scr ./tmp/boot.ini
 
 
sudo umount ./tmp
 
  
== Ubuntu Bugs & Tweaks ==
+
Get prebuilt image:
 +
wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2017-01-13/microsd/bbx15-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz
  
===Enable Network Access===
+
Verify Image with:
 +
sha256sum bbx15-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb*
 +
92621c0930a74d8e8ba1298bd7c33add1abaafc30af88f55ee18216360980cf3  bbx15-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz
  
Modify /etc/network/interfaces
+
Windows/Mac/Linux gui
  auto eth0
+
  http://etcher.io
iface eth0 inet dhcp
 
  
Manual: From the Command line
+
Linux: (dd)
  sudo ifconfig -a
+
  xzcat bbx15-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX
sudo dhclient ethX (or wlanX/etc..)
 
  
Additional Network Setup Information can be found [[BeagleBoardUbuntuNetwork|HERE]]
+
= Method 2: Use the NetInstall method=
  
= Advanced =
+
You will need a 1GB/2GB/4GB/8GB SD card or greater.
 +
Standard system : ~700&nbsp;MB
  
==Install Latest Kernel Image==
+
Report Bugs/Issues to: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/netinstall/issues
 +
(anywhere else will be ignored..)
  
===Script File===
+
Download the netinstall script:
 +
git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/netinstall.git
 +
cd netinstall
  
  example: http://www.rcn-ee.net/deb/lucid/v2.6.33.4-l3/
+
Currently supported Ubuntu distributions:
   
+
  --distro oneiric (11.10)
  wget http://rcn-ee.net/deb/lucid/v2.6.33.4-l3/install-me.sh
+
  --distro precise-armhf (12.04)
  /bin/bash install-me.sh
+
  --distro quantal (12.10)
 +
--distro raring (13.04)
 +
  --distro saucy (13.10)
  
Reboot with your new uImage
+
Device: <board> selection:
 +
*BeagleBoard Ax/Bx/Cx  - omap3-beagle
 +
*BeagleBoard xMA/B/C  - omap3-beagle-xm
 +
*BeagleBone Ax        - am335x-bone-serial
 +
*BeagleBone (DVI cape) - am335x-bone-video
 +
*BeagleBone Black      - am335x-boneblack
 +
*PandaBoard Ax    - omap4-panda
 +
*PandaBoard A4+    - omap4-panda-a4
 +
*PandaBoard ES    - omap4-panda-es
  
== Upgrade X-loader and U-boot ==
+
Installation script for new <board> selection: (slowly migrating all devices to this method)
 +
sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb <board> --distro <distro>
  
Compatible with Bx,C2/3/4
+
So for the xM: with quantal:
 +
sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb omap3-beagle-xm --distro quantal
  
Requires MMC card..
+
*Other Options:
 +
**--firmware : installs firmware
 +
**--serial-mode : debian-installer uses Serial Port
  
bzr branch lp:~beagleboard-kernel/+junk/omap-flasher
+
Place SD card into BeagleBoard and boot:
cd omap-flasher
 
./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX
 
  
1: Place MMC card in Beagle
+
Configure the network:
  2: Push/Hold User Button
+
  usb0: USB net <- (usually the OTG port)
  3: Apply Power
+
  eth0: USB net <- (usually the smsc95xx adapter on the BeagleBoard and PandaBoard)
  4: After U-boot loads, let off User Button
+
  wlan0: Wifi <- Your USDB-Wi-Fi device..  
5: Wait for Flashing to end
 
6: Power down, remove/edit boot.scr from MMC card
 
  
Depending on what's in NAND, you might still have to stop and do this:
+
See my notes for my testing procedure: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/netinstall/blob/master/test.Ubuntu
  
 +
Troubleshooting: If booting fails..
 +
*Hold the user button down to force booting from MMC
 +
*Upgrade X-loader and U-boot [http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Upgrade_X-loader_and_U-boot Upgrade X-loader and U-Boot]
 +
*Clear U-boot's Environment Variables in NAND:
 
  nand erase 260000 20000
 
  nand erase 260000 20000
reset
 
  
===Manual Run===
+
NetInstall assumptions:
  mmcinit
+
  Assume asll <default>'s... Thanks you preseed.conf!!!
mmc init
 
fatload mmc 0:1 0x80200000 x-load.bin.ift
 
nand unlock
 
nand ecc hw
 
nandecc hw
 
nand erase 0 80000
 
nand write 0x80200000 0 20000
 
nand write 0x80200000 20000 20000
 
nand write 0x80200000 40000 20000
 
nand write 0x80200000 60000 20000
 
 
fatload mmc 0:1 0x80300000 u-boot.bin
 
nand unlock
 
nand ecc sw
 
nandecc sw
 
nand erase 80000 160000
 
nand write 0x80300000 80000 160000
 
nand erase 260000 20000
 
reset
 
  
== SGX Video Acceleration ==
+
= Method 3: Manual Install (no automatic scripts)=
  
Requirements: 2.6-stable from launchpad or 2.6.34+ deb's from rcn-ee.net (finally supports 3.01.00.06)
+
Note, this section used to have a lot of details, but maintenance of the two wiki's became a pain, so for now on we will just link to my other pages:
  https://code.launchpad.net/~beagleboard-kernel/+junk/2.6-stable
 
  
Note: ''An older version of these instructions was adapted for the IGEPv2 platform - if you are following this tutorial and have an IGEPv2, consider using http://wiki.jmaustin.org/wiki/IgepSGXUbuntu instead''
+
== Beagle/Beagle xM ==
 +
http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBoard
  
Use a "corporate email" and download the latest (3.01.00.06):
+
== BeagleBone ==
  http://software-dl.ti.com/dsps/dsps_public_sw/sdo_sb/targetcontent/gfxsdk/latest/index_FDS.html
+
  http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBone
  
=== SDK unPackage Script ===
+
== BeagleBone Black ==
 +
http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBone+Black
  
Download the latest version of the "create_sgx_package.sh" script into the same directory that has "OMAP35x_Graphics_SDK_setuplinux_3_01_00_06.bin"
+
== Panda/Panda ES ==
  http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~beagleboard-kernel/%2Bjunk/2.6-stable/annotate/head:/create_sgx_package.sh (click: download file)
+
  http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/PandaBoard
  
:~/temp$ ls
+
= Advanced =
create_sgx_package.sh
 
OMAP35x_Graphics_SDK_setuplinux_3_01_00_06.bin
 
  
Make script executable
+
==Install Latest Kernel Image==
chmod a+x ./create_sgx_package.sh
 
  
Run script
+
General apt syntax for searching and installing a specific kernel:
  ./create_sgx_package.sh
+
  sudo apt-get update
 +
sudo apt-cache search linux-image | grep <branch>
 +
sudo apt-get install linux-image-<specific version>
 +
sudo reboot
  
After Successfully running:
+
Latest kernel script
 +
cd /opt/scripts/tools/
 +
git pull
 +
sudo ./update_kernel.sh <OPTIONS>
  
:~/temp$ ls
+
== 3.8.x ==
create_sgx_package.sh
+
This is the first beagleboard.org long term kernel tree with capemanager support, it's been the default install for Debian Wheezy
GFX_3_01_00_06_libs.tar.gz                      : -> Copy to Beagle (System Libs)
+
  beagleboard.org patchset: https://github.com/beagleboard/linux/tree/3.8
GFX_Linux_SDK.tar.gz                            : -> Copy to Beagle (DEMO's)
 
  OMAP35x_Graphics_SDK_setuplinux_3_01_00_06.bin
 
SDK
 
SDK_BIN
 
  
=== Beagle: GFX_*_libs.tar.gz ===
+
3.8.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black FULL Cape Support
 +
--bone-channel --stable
  
  tar xf GFX_3_01_00_06_libs.tar.gz (extracts install-SGX.sh and run-SGX.sh)
+
  3.8.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black FULL Cape Support + Xenomai
./install-SGX.sh (copies necessary SGX libs and startup script)
+
  --bone-xenomai-channel --stable
./run-SGX.sh (force run the new init script, or you can just reboot...)
 
  
On Successful install:
+
== 4.4.x-ti ==
Stopping PVR
+
This is slated to replace the v3.8.x tree in Debian Jessie, cape manager support is enabled.
  Starting PVR
+
  beagleboard.org patchset: https://github.com/beagleboard/linux/tree/4.4
Starting SGX fixup for ES2.x (or ES3.x)
 
  
Reboot for good measure (Maverick's Alpha-1 needs this....)
+
4.4.x-ti BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/BeagleBoard-X15
  sudo reboot
+
  --ti-channel --lts-4_4
  
=== Beagle: GFX_Linux_SDK.tar.gz ===
+
4.4.x-ti BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/BeagleBoard-X15 + RT
 +
--ti-rt-channel --lts-4_4
  
  tar xf GFX_Linux_SDK.tar.gz
+
  4.4.x-ti BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/BeagleBoard-X15 + RT
  cd GFX_Linux_SDK
+
  -ti-xenomai-channel --lts-4_4
tar xf OGLES.tar.gz
 
  
=== Test SGX with a DEMO ===
+
== Mainline (lts) ==
  
  cd OGLES/SDKPackage/Binaries/CommonX11/Demos/ChameleonMan
+
  4.4.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black + SGX
  ./OGLESChameleonMan
+
  --bone-kernel --lts-4_4
  
=== Trouble Shooting ===
+
4.4.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black + RT + SGX
 +
--bone-rt-kernel --lts-4_4
  
sudo rm /etc/powervr-esrev
+
Reboot with your new Kernel Image.
sudo depmod -a omaplfb
 
sudo /etc/init.d/pvr restart
 
  
== DSP ==
+
== Xorg Drivers ==
  
This is still a major work in progress...
+
Script:
 +
cd /opt/scripts/tools/
 +
git pull
  
Here is one approach: [http://www.elinux.org/BeagleBoard_Ubuntu_%26_DSP_From_Sources BeagleBoard Ubuntu & DSP From Sources]
+
BeagleBoard/PandaBoard:
 +
cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
 +
./ti-omapdrm.sh
  
== Xorg omapfb Drivers ==
+
BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black:
 +
cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
 +
./ti-tilcdc.sh
  
By default Ubuntu will try to use the FBDEV video driver, however for the beagleboard we can take advantage of a more software optimized driver (still not using the sgx video hardware) using the NEON extensions of the Cortex-A8 core.
+
== SGX Drivers ==
  
cat /var/log/Xorg.0.log | grep FBDEV
+
=== SGX BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black ===
(II) FBDEV: driver for framebuffer: fbdev
 
(II) FBDEV(0): using default device
 
(II) FBDEV(0): Creating default Display subsection in Screen section
 
(==) FBDEV(0): Depth 16, (==) framebuffer bpp 16
 
(==) FBDEV(0): RGB weight 565
 
  
Login into Ubuntu and open a new terminal, xorg has to be running..
+
Note, these are FBDEV only, no xorg/x11/etc...
  
xvinfo -display :0.0
+
Install the "4.1.x" lts/bone kernel:
X-Video Extension version 2.2
+
http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Mainline_.28lts.29
screen #0
 
  no adaptors present
 
  
=== Drivers ===
+
Build SGX userspace for 4.1.x (must be done on an x86, due to the TI 5.01.01.02 blob extractor)
 +
git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/bb-kernel.git
 +
cd bb-kernel/
 +
git checkout origin/am33x-v4.1 -b tmp-sgx
 +
./sgx_create_package.sh
  
Note: These are built with neon optimizations: http://git.debian.org/?p=collab-maint/xf86-video-omapfb.git;a=blob;f=debian/rules;h=c2f0d5391c96c5abb60b1e691ad86bb27e0c17d8;hb=HEAD (line 48/49)
+
Copy ./deploy/GFX_5.01.01.02.tar.gz to BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black and install
 +
sudo tar xfv GFX_5.01.01.02.tar.gz -C /
 +
cd /opt/gfxinstall/
 +
sudo ./sgx-install.sh
 +
  sudo reboot
  
Lucid:
+
Verify omaplfb & pvrsrvkm loaded
  sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-omap3
+
debian@arm:~$ lsmod | grep omaplfb
 +
omaplfb                12065  0
 +
  pvrsrvkm              178782  1 omaplfb
  
To verify it was correctly installed, reboot and:
+
== Xorg Drivers ==
  
cat /var/log/Xorg.0.log | grep omapfb
+
Script:
(II) LoadModule: "omapfb"
+
  cd /opt/scripts/tools/
  (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers//omapfb_drv.so
+
  git pull
(II) Module omapfb: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
 
(II) omapfb: Driver for OMAP framebuffer (omapfb) and external LCD controllers:
 
(WW) Error opening /sys/devices/platform/omapfb/ctrl/name: No such file or directory
 
(II) omapfb(0): VideoRAM: 1800KiB (SDRAM)
 
(II) omapfb(0): Creating default Display subsection in Screen section
 
(**) omapfb(0): Depth 16, (--) framebuffer bpp 16
 
(==) omapfb(0): RGB weight 565
 
(==) omapfb(0): Default visual is TrueColor
 
(--) omapfb(0): Virtual size is 1280x720 (pitch 1280)
 
(**) omapfb(0):  Built-in mode "current"
 
  (==) omapfb(0): DPI set to (96, 96)
 
(II) omapfb(0): DPMS enabled
 
(II) omapfb(0): Video plane capabilities:
 
(II) omapfb(0): Video plane supports the following image formats:
 
(II) omapfb(0): XVideo extension initialized
 
  
Login into Ubuntu and open a new terminal, xorg has to be running..
+
BeagleBoard/PandaBoard:
 +
cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
 +
./ti-omapdrm.sh
  
xvinfo -display :0.0
+
BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black:
  X-Video Extension version 2.2
+
  cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
  screen #0
+
  ./ti-tilcdc.sh
  Adaptor #0: "OMAP XV adaptor"
 
    number of ports: 1
 
    port base: 56
 
    operations supported: PutImage
 
    supported visuals:
 
      depth 16, visualID 0x21
 
    number of attributes: 1
 
    etc..
 
  
== S-Video ==
+
= Swapfile =
Sorry I don't have an S-Video TV, and this is documented in the source, so it would be really great if someone could fill this section in... --[[User:RobertCNelson|RobertCNelson]] 21:32, 13 July 2009 (UTC)
 
  
=== NTSC ===
+
== Using a File for Swap Instead of a Partition ==
  
Please use v2.6.29-oer44.1:
+
On the Beagleboard you should expect to require a swap file given the limitation of how little RAM is available (between 256&nbsp;MB and 512&nbsp;MB). Some system programs like apt-get will only run properly when some swap space is present (due to 256&nbsp;MB not being enough RAM).
  
=== PAL ===
+
Some images (such as those from Linaro.org) do not come with a swap partition or any swap space allocated.
  
Please use v2.6.29-oer44.1:
+
Under Linux, swap space can be either a dedicated partition or a swap file. Both can be mounted as swap which the OS can access.
  
== Building Kernel ==
+
=== Creating a Swapfile ===
  
https://launchpad.net/~beagleboard-kernel
+
The following commands will create a 1 GB file, limit access only to root, format it as swap and then make it available to the OS:
  
Register on launchpad.net, install bzr
+
sudo mkdir -p /var/cache/swap/ 
  sudo apt-get install bzr
+
  sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/var/cache/swap/swapfile bs=1M count=1024
 +
sudo chmod 0600 /var/cache/swap/swapfile
 +
sudo mkswap /var/cache/swap/swapfile
 +
sudo swapon /var/cache/swap/swapfile
  
Download SRC
+
To tell the OS to load this swapfile on each start up, edit the /etc/fstab file to include the following additional line:
bzr branch lp:~beagleboard-kernel/+junk/2.6-stable
 
  
Build Kernel
+
  /var/cache/swap/swapfile    none    swap    sw    0  0
  ./build_kernel.sh
 
  
Optional Building Deb File
+
To verify that the swapfile is accessilble as swap to the OS, run "top" or "htop" at a console.
./build_deb.sh
 
  
 
= Ubuntu Software =
 
= Ubuntu Software =
 +
 +
== Wi-Fi Networking (command line) ==
 +
 +
=== /etc/network/interfaces ===
 +
 +
It is relatively easy to configure a Wi-Fi card from the command line.
 +
 +
You will need to edit the /etc/network/interfaces file. There are several guides available via Google.
 +
 +
This is a particularly useful guide https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=202834
 +
 +
A sample /etc/network/interfaces file for a WPA2 encrypted access point is:
 +
 +
auto lo
 +
iface lo inet loopback
 +
auto wlan0
 +
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
 +
wpa-driver wext
 +
wpa-ssid <NAME OF AP>
 +
wpa-ap-scan 1
 +
wpa-proto RSN
 +
wpa-pairwise CCMP
 +
wpa-group CCMP
 +
wpa-key-mgmt WPA-PSK
 +
wpa-psk <INSERT KEY XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX>
 +
 +
Your Wi-Fi card will automatically load these settings upon startup and initialize wireless network access.
 +
 +
== Lightweight window managers ==
 +
 +
If you intend to use Ubuntu on the BeagleBoard you can install JWM or IceWM to improve performance.
 +
 +
JWM in particular uses little RAM. On a BeagleBoard with 256&nbsp;MB, using JWM will leave about 60&nbsp;MB free in which to run applications.
  
 
== Web Apps ==
 
== Web Apps ==
  
 
=== Midori ===
 
=== Midori ===
Given that the BeagleBoard has fewer resources than a desktop a light weight browser is more responsive. Midori is a light weight browser that still supports flash etc
+
Given that the BeagleBoard has fewer resources than a desktop a lightweight browser is more responsive. Midori is a lightweight browser that still supports flash, etc. It is available from the standard repositories:
It is available from the standard repositories.
 
 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midori_%28web_browser%29
 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midori_%28web_browser%29
  
Line 548: Line 617:
  
 
=== Motion ===
 
=== Motion ===
If you have a video source (webcam, IP cam etc) which appears as /dev/video0 etc then you can use the Linux Surveillance software "motion" to monitor the video stream and record periods of activity.
+
If you have a video source (webcam, IP cam, etc.) which appears as /dev/video0, etc. then you can use the Linux surveillance software "motion" to monitor the video stream and record periods of activity.
  
Motion is also available from the standard repositories.
+
Motion is also available from the standard repositories:
 
http://www.debian-administration.org/article/An_Introduction_to_Video_Surveillance_with_%27Motion%27
 
http://www.debian-administration.org/article/An_Introduction_to_Video_Surveillance_with_%27Motion%27
Using a 960x720 resolution webcam with 15 fps rate under the UVC driver the Rev C BeagleBoard under Xubuntu reports ~60% CPU utilisation.
+
Using a 960x720 resolution webcam with a 15&nbsp;fps rate under the UVC driver the Rev C BeagleBoard under Xubuntu reports ~60% CPU utilisation.
  
To make the BeagleBoard automatically start recording on boot do the following:
+
To make the BeagleBoard automatically start recording on boot, do the following:
  
 
* Auto Login - run "gdmsetup" from a terminal and select a user to automatically login  
 
* Auto Login - run "gdmsetup" from a terminal and select a user to automatically login  
* Sessions - make sure you don't save any previous xwindows sessions so that it doesn't prompt you for which one you want
+
* Sessions - make sure you don't save any previous X Windows sessions so that it doesn't prompt you for which one you want
* motion.conf - amend /etc/motion/motion.conf to the settings you want (ie video output directory, record only video, record in mpeg4, set frame rate etc). Do this with "sudo medit /etc/motion/motion.conf" at a prompt.
+
* motion.conf - edit /etc/motion/motion.conf to use the settings you want (that is, video output directory, record only video, record in MPEG-4, set frame rate, etc). Do this with "sudo medit /etc/motion/motion.conf" at a prompt.
* Boot script - create a new script in /etc/rc2.d called "S65motion_client" and set permissions appropriately ("sudo chmod 777 /etc/rc2.d/S65motion_client"). Then edit the file so it has the following text in it:
+
* Boot script - create a new script in /etc/rc2.d called "S65motion_client" and set permissions appropriately ("sudo chmod 777 /etc/rc2.d/S65motion_client"). Then edit the file so it contains the following lines:
  
 
  #! /bin/sh
 
  #! /bin/sh
Line 566: Line 635:
 
This will now launch the motion client as root when you boot up.
 
This will now launch the motion client as root when you boot up.
  
Also note that unless your BeagleBoard can remember the time (battery backed up clock installed) the timestamps will not be correct until you update the time. If your BeagleBoard has an Internet Connection this can be achieved with the ntpdate app.
+
Also note that unless your BeagleBoard can remember the time (battery backed up clock installed), the timestamps will not be correct until you update the time. If your BeagleBoard has an Internet connection this can be achieved using the ntpdate application.
 +
 
 +
== Robotics ==
 +
 
 +
=== ROS ===
 +
ROS (Robot Operating System) provides libraries and tools to help software developers create robot applications. It provides hardware abstraction, device drivers, libraries, visualizers, message-passing, package management, and more. ROS is licensed under an open source, BSD license.
 +
 
 +
There are currently builds of ROS for Ubuntu Trusty armhf. These builds include most but not all packages, and save a considerable amount of time compared to doing a full source-based installation:
 +
 
 +
http://wiki.ros.org/indigo/Installation/UbuntuARM
 +
 
 +
Alternatively ROS can be installed from source and is generally easy to do so (although slow).
 +
 
 +
For more information about ROS, see www.ros.org.

Revision as of 13:57, 13 January 2017

(For BeagleBoardAngstrom, click here.) (Should Beagleboard:Ubuntu On BeagleBone Black be merged into this page?)

This page is about running a Linux distribution (ARM EABI) Ubuntu on the BeagleBoard. BeagleBoard will boot the (ARM EABI) Ubuntu distribution from the SD card. Since much of this page is generic, it has also been extended to help support devices such as the PandaBoard and BeagleBone.

  • For the best experience, make sure you have an LCD/HDMI monitor attached to the BeagleBoard's HDMI port, 2 GB/4 GB/8 GB SD card, and a known good USB 2.0 hub with mouse and keyboard.

Help

If you need any help:

  • Ubuntu related help:
    • #ubuntu-arm: Ubuntu's ARM IRC on Freenode (logs -> year -> month -> day -> #ubuntu-arm.html)
  • When requesting help, please provide some debugging information:
    • U-Boot Version installed on board
    • Kernel Version: uname -a
    • pastebin dmesg
      • Copy from serial port or use "dmesg | pastebinit" (sudo apt-get install pastebinit)

Required Beagle Software

Mainline U-Boot:

  • All older BeagleBoard (classic) Ax, Bx, Cx and Dx boards are required to upgrade to at least these U-Boot versions
  • XM Boards have no NAND, so MLO/u-boot.img is always required on the first partition
  • Directions: Upgrade X-loader and U-Boot

Omap Serial Changes

boot.scr/boot.cmd changes:

With 2.6.35:

console=ttyS2,115200n8

With 2.6.36/37+:

console=ttyO2,115200n8

Serial console login: /etc/init/ttyO2.conf

start on stopped rc RUNLEVEL=[2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]

respawn
exec /sbin/getty 115200 ttyO2

Method 1: Download a Complete Pre-Configured Image

Demo Image

git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/armv7-multiplatform.git
cd armv7-multiplatform
git checkout origin/v4.9.x -b tmp
./build_kernel.sh
git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/ti-linux-kernel-dev.git
cd ti-linux-kernel-dev
git checkout origin/ti-linux-4.4.y -b tmp
./build_kernel.sh

Ubuntu (16.04.1)

Default username/password:

  • username: ubuntu
  • password: temppwd

Image Updated:

  • 2017-01-13
    • BeagleBoard xM: v4.9.3-armv7-x4 kernel
    • All BeagleBone Varients: v4.4.40-ti-r80 kernel
    • OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.4.40-ti-r80 kernel
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.40-ti-r80 kernel
  • 2016-11-10
    • BeagleBoard xM: v4.8.7-armv7-x4 kernel
    • All BeagleBone Varients: v4.4.30-ti-r66 kernel
    • OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.4.30-ti-r66 kernel
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.30-ti-r66 kernel
  • 2016-10-06
    • BeagleBoard xM: v4.8.0-armv7-x2 kernel
    • All BeagleBone Varients: v4.4.23-ti-r51 kernel
    • OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.4.23-ti-r51 kernel
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.23-ti-r51 kernel

Services Active:

Note: Depending on your internal network these may work out of the box
Apache, Port 80: http://arm.local/ (Bone: via usb) http://192.168.7.2
SSH, Port 22: ssh ubuntu@arm.local (Bone: via usb) ubuntu@192.168.7.2
Getty, Serial Port

Default user: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Get prebuilt image:

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2017-01-13/elinux/ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13.tar.xz

Verify Image with:

sha256sum ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13.tar.xz
d222003d3813c1b3a1a90731453e735a9ba7afc19de29c3c72bd7eb71a99eeb6  ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13.tar.xz

Unpack Image:

tar xf ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13.tar.xz
cd ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13

If you don't know the location of your SD card:

sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --probe-mmc

You should see something like:

Are you sure? I don't see [/dev/idontknow], here is what I do see...

fdisk -l:
Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes <- x86 Root Drive
Disk /dev/sdd: 3957 MB, 3957325824 bytes <- MMC/SD card

lsblk:
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0 465.8G  0 disk 
├─sda1   8:1    0 446.9G  0 part /  <- x86 Root Partition
├─sda2   8:2    0     1K  0 part 
└─sda5   8:5    0  18.9G  0 part [SWAP]
sdd      8:48   1   3.7G  0 disk 
├─sdd1   8:49   1    64M  0 part 
└─sdd2   8:50   1   3.6G  0 part 
  • In this example, we can see via mount, /dev/sda1 is the x86 rootfs, therefore /dev/sdd is the other drive in the system, which is the MMC/SD card that was inserted and should be used by ./setup_sdcard.sh...

Install Image:

Quick install script for [board]

sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb board

board options:

  • BeagleBoard Ax/Bx/Cx/Dx - omap3-beagle
  • BeagleBoard xM - omap3-beagle-xm
  • All BeagleBone Varients - beaglebone
  • OMAP5432 uEVM - omap5-uevm
  • BeagleBoard-X15 - am57xx-beagle-x15

So for the BeagleBoard xM:

sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb omap3-beagle-xm

Advanced: Build Image:

git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/omap-image-builder.git
cd omap-image-builder
git checkout v2017.01 -b tmp

Stable:

./RootStock-NG.sh -c rcn-ee_console_ubuntu_xenial_armhf

Flasher

eMMC: All BeagleBone Varients with eMMC

This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager First press and hold the boot select button (next to the microSD card), then apply power. On bootup the board should indicate it has started the flashing procedure visually via a Cylon Sweep pattern shown on the 4 LED's next to the ethernet jack. Progress is reported on both the serial debug and hdmi connectors, once completed all 4 LED's should be full ON. Simply remove power, remove the microSD card and Ubuntu will now boot directly from eMMC.

Script for reference: (this is the script that writes to the eMMC)

https://github.com/RobertCNelson/boot-scripts/blob/master/tools/eMMC/init-eMMC-flasher-v3.sh

This script will only take about 5-6 Minutes after power on.

Notes:

  • If only two LED's stay lit and nothing happens, the board has crashed due to lack of power. Retry with a 5Volt DC power supply connected.
  • If the 4 LED's blink a constant pattern, the eMMC write has failed. First REMOVE ALL capes, then retry again.

User: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Image Updated:

  • 2017-01-13
    • All BeagleBone Varients with eMMC: v4.4.40-ti-r80 kernel
  • 2016-11-10
    • All BeagleBone Varients with eMMC: v4.4.30-ti-r66 kernel
  • 2016-10-06
    • All BeagleBone Varients with eMMC: v4.4.23-ti-r51 kernel

Get prebuilt image:

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2017-01-13/flasher/BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz

Verify Image with:

sha256sum BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb*
88f43ea39219da8aa3f3646e637908d011fbff8afbdf1cf115351f36229c9eef  BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz

Windows/Mac/Linux gui

http://etcher.io

Linux: (dd)

xzcat BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX

eMMC: BeagleBoard-X15

This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager First press and hold the boot select button (next to the microSD card), then apply power. On bootup the board should indicate it has started the flashing procedure visually via a Cylon Sweep pattern shown on the 4 LED's next to the ethernet jack. Progress is reported on both the serial debug and hdmi connectors, once completed all 4 LED's should be full ON. Simply remove power, remove the microSD card and Ubuntu will now boot directly from eMMC.

Script for reference: (this is the script that writes to the eMMC)

https://github.com/RobertCNelson/boot-scripts/blob/master/tools/eMMC/init-eMMC-flasher-v3.sh

This script will only take about 5-6 Minutes after power on.

Notes:

  • If only two LED's stay lit and nothing happens, the board has crashed due to lack of power. Retry with a 5Volt DC power supply connected.
  • If the 4 LED's blink a constant pattern, the eMMC write has failed. First REMOVE ALL capes, then retry again.

User: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Image Updated:

  • 2017-01-13
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.40-ti-r80 kernel
  • 2016-11-10
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.30-ti-r66 kernel
  • 2016-10-06
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.23-ti-r51 kernel

Get prebuilt image:

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2017-01-13/flasher/bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz

Verify Image with:

sha256sum bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb*
f1ff6ca3fb329dd060079f3814cfc3fa9d12f6a3cf8cc3937b4dc2318d1b60d2  bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz

Windows/Mac/Linux gui

http://etcher.io

Linux: (dd)

xzcat bbx15-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX

raw microSD img

BeagleBoard xM

This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager

User: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Auto partition resize:

cd /opt/scripts/tools
git pull
./grow_partition.sh
sudo reboot

Image Updated:

  • 2017-01-13
    • BeagleBoard xM: v4.9.3-armv7-x4 kernel
  • 2016-11-10
    • BeagleBoard xM: v4.8.7-armv7-x4 kernel
  • 2016-10-06
    • BeagleBoard xM: v4.8.0-armv7-x2 kernel

Get prebuilt image:

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2017-01-13/microsd/bbxm-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz

Verify Image with:

sha256sum bbxm-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb*
f00018b2ab5bafbd56b8e40fcd9440956b841e4ef12cc0a5df5897a54317d925  bbxm-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz

Windows/Mac/Linux gui

http://etcher.io

Linux: (dd)

xzcat bbxm-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX

All BeagleBone Varients

This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager

User: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Auto partition resize:

cd /opt/scripts/tools
git pull
./grow_partition.sh
sudo reboot

Image Updated:

  • 2017-01-13
    • All BeagleBone Varients: v4.4.40-ti-r80 kernel
  • 2016-11-10
    • All BeagleBone Varients: v4.4.30-ti-r66 kernel
  • 2016-10-06
    • All BeagleBone Varients: v4.4.23-ti-r51 kernel

Get prebuilt image:

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2017-01-13/microsd/bone-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz

Verify Image with:

sha256sum bone-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb*
d196f5c99998b212d527785a6b2cb4689daa2d0b28d207bc64faa54af9300ef7  bone-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz

Windows/Mac/Linux gui

http://etcher.io

Linux: (dd)

xzcat bone-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX

OMAP5432 uEVM

This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager

User: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Auto partition resize:

cd /opt/scripts/tools
git pull
./grow_partition.sh
sudo reboot

Image Updated:

  • 2017-01-13
    • OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.4.40-ti-r80 kernel
  • 2016-11-10
    • OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.4.30-ti-r66 kernel
  • 2016-10-06
    • OMAP5432 uEVM: v4.4.23-ti-r51 kernel

Get prebuilt image:

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2017-01-13/microsd/omap5-uevm-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz

Verify Image with:

sha256sum omap5-uevm-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb*
684acb885df9f36d08912b18dfa07697a7994ffff5053f5bbe3e0781f0812e15  omap5-uevm-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz

Windows/Mac/Linux gui

http://etcher.io

Linux: (dd)

xzcat omap5-uevm-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX

BeagleBoard-X15

This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or on windows: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Win32DiskImager

User: ubuntu pass: temppwd

Auto partition resize:

cd /opt/scripts/tools
git pull
./grow_partition.sh
sudo reboot

Image Updated:

  • 2017-01-13
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.40-ti-r80 kernel
  • 2016-11-10
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.30-ti-r66 kernel
  • 2016-10-06
    • BeagleBoard-X15: v4.4.23-ti-r51 kernel

Get prebuilt image:

wget https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/2017-01-13/microsd/bbx15-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz

Verify Image with:

sha256sum bbx15-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb*
92621c0930a74d8e8ba1298bd7c33add1abaafc30af88f55ee18216360980cf3  bbx15-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz

Windows/Mac/Linux gui

http://etcher.io

Linux: (dd)

xzcat bbx15-ubuntu-16.04.1-console-armhf-2017-01-13-2gb.img.xz | sudo dd of=/dev/sdX

Method 2: Use the NetInstall method

You will need a 1GB/2GB/4GB/8GB SD card or greater.

Standard system : ~700 MB

Report Bugs/Issues to: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/netinstall/issues (anywhere else will be ignored..)

Download the netinstall script:

git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/netinstall.git
cd netinstall

Currently supported Ubuntu distributions:

--distro oneiric (11.10)
--distro precise-armhf (12.04)
--distro quantal (12.10)
--distro raring (13.04)
--distro saucy (13.10)

Device: <board> selection:

*BeagleBoard Ax/Bx/Cx  - omap3-beagle
*BeagleBoard xMA/B/C   - omap3-beagle-xm
*BeagleBone Ax         - am335x-bone-serial
*BeagleBone (DVI cape) - am335x-bone-video
*BeagleBone Black      - am335x-boneblack
*PandaBoard Ax     - omap4-panda
*PandaBoard A4+    - omap4-panda-a4
*PandaBoard ES     - omap4-panda-es

Installation script for new <board> selection: (slowly migrating all devices to this method)

sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb <board> --distro <distro>

So for the xM: with quantal:

sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb omap3-beagle-xm --distro quantal
  • Other Options:
    • --firmware : installs firmware
    • --serial-mode : debian-installer uses Serial Port

Place SD card into BeagleBoard and boot:

Configure the network:

usb0: USB net <- (usually the OTG port)
eth0: USB net <- (usually the smsc95xx adapter on the BeagleBoard and PandaBoard)
wlan0: Wifi <- Your USDB-Wi-Fi device.. 

See my notes for my testing procedure: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/netinstall/blob/master/test.Ubuntu

Troubleshooting: If booting fails..

  • Hold the user button down to force booting from MMC
  • Upgrade X-loader and U-boot Upgrade X-loader and U-Boot
  • Clear U-boot's Environment Variables in NAND:
nand erase 260000 20000

NetInstall assumptions:

Assume asll <default>'s... Thanks you preseed.conf!!!

Method 3: Manual Install (no automatic scripts)

Note, this section used to have a lot of details, but maintenance of the two wiki's became a pain, so for now on we will just link to my other pages:

Beagle/Beagle xM

http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBoard

BeagleBone

http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBone

BeagleBone Black

http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBone+Black

Panda/Panda ES

http://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/PandaBoard

Advanced

Install Latest Kernel Image

General apt syntax for searching and installing a specific kernel:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-cache search linux-image | grep <branch>
sudo apt-get install linux-image-<specific version>
sudo reboot

Latest kernel script

cd /opt/scripts/tools/
git pull
sudo ./update_kernel.sh <OPTIONS>

3.8.x

This is the first beagleboard.org long term kernel tree with capemanager support, it's been the default install for Debian Wheezy

beagleboard.org patchset: https://github.com/beagleboard/linux/tree/3.8
3.8.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black FULL Cape Support
--bone-channel --stable
3.8.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black FULL Cape Support + Xenomai
--bone-xenomai-channel --stable

4.4.x-ti

This is slated to replace the v3.8.x tree in Debian Jessie, cape manager support is enabled.

beagleboard.org patchset: https://github.com/beagleboard/linux/tree/4.4
4.4.x-ti BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/BeagleBoard-X15
--ti-channel --lts-4_4
4.4.x-ti BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/BeagleBoard-X15 + RT
--ti-rt-channel --lts-4_4
4.4.x-ti BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black/BeagleBoard-X15 + RT
-ti-xenomai-channel --lts-4_4

Mainline (lts)

4.4.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black + SGX
--bone-kernel --lts-4_4
4.4.x BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black + RT + SGX
--bone-rt-kernel --lts-4_4

Reboot with your new Kernel Image.

Xorg Drivers

Script:

cd /opt/scripts/tools/
git pull

BeagleBoard/PandaBoard:

cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
./ti-omapdrm.sh

BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black:

cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
./ti-tilcdc.sh

SGX Drivers

SGX BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black

Note, these are FBDEV only, no xorg/x11/etc...

Install the "4.1.x" lts/bone kernel: http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Mainline_.28lts.29

Build SGX userspace for 4.1.x (must be done on an x86, due to the TI 5.01.01.02 blob extractor)

git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/bb-kernel.git
cd bb-kernel/
git checkout origin/am33x-v4.1 -b tmp-sgx
./sgx_create_package.sh

Copy ./deploy/GFX_5.01.01.02.tar.gz to BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black and install

sudo tar xfv GFX_5.01.01.02.tar.gz -C /
cd /opt/gfxinstall/
sudo ./sgx-install.sh
sudo reboot

Verify omaplfb & pvrsrvkm loaded

debian@arm:~$ lsmod | grep omaplfb
omaplfb                12065  0 
pvrsrvkm              178782  1 omaplfb

Xorg Drivers

Script:

cd /opt/scripts/tools/
git pull

BeagleBoard/PandaBoard:

cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
./ti-omapdrm.sh

BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black:

cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/
./ti-tilcdc.sh

Swapfile

Using a File for Swap Instead of a Partition

On the Beagleboard you should expect to require a swap file given the limitation of how little RAM is available (between 256 MB and 512 MB). Some system programs like apt-get will only run properly when some swap space is present (due to 256 MB not being enough RAM).

Some images (such as those from Linaro.org) do not come with a swap partition or any swap space allocated.

Under Linux, swap space can be either a dedicated partition or a swap file. Both can be mounted as swap which the OS can access.

Creating a Swapfile

The following commands will create a 1 GB file, limit access only to root, format it as swap and then make it available to the OS:

sudo mkdir -p /var/cache/swap/   
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/var/cache/swap/swapfile bs=1M count=1024
sudo chmod 0600 /var/cache/swap/swapfile 
sudo mkswap /var/cache/swap/swapfile 
sudo swapon /var/cache/swap/swapfile 

To tell the OS to load this swapfile on each start up, edit the /etc/fstab file to include the following additional line:

/var/cache/swap/swapfile    none    swap    sw    0   0

To verify that the swapfile is accessilble as swap to the OS, run "top" or "htop" at a console.

Ubuntu Software

Wi-Fi Networking (command line)

/etc/network/interfaces

It is relatively easy to configure a Wi-Fi card from the command line.

You will need to edit the /etc/network/interfaces file. There are several guides available via Google.

This is a particularly useful guide https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=202834

A sample /etc/network/interfaces file for a WPA2 encrypted access point is:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
wpa-driver wext
wpa-ssid <NAME OF AP>
wpa-ap-scan 1
wpa-proto RSN
wpa-pairwise CCMP
wpa-group CCMP
wpa-key-mgmt WPA-PSK
wpa-psk <INSERT KEY XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX>

Your Wi-Fi card will automatically load these settings upon startup and initialize wireless network access.

Lightweight window managers

If you intend to use Ubuntu on the BeagleBoard you can install JWM or IceWM to improve performance.

JWM in particular uses little RAM. On a BeagleBoard with 256 MB, using JWM will leave about 60 MB free in which to run applications.

Web Apps

Midori

Given that the BeagleBoard has fewer resources than a desktop a lightweight browser is more responsive. Midori is a lightweight browser that still supports flash, etc. It is available from the standard repositories: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midori_%28web_browser%29

Surveillance

Motion

If you have a video source (webcam, IP cam, etc.) which appears as /dev/video0, etc. then you can use the Linux surveillance software "motion" to monitor the video stream and record periods of activity.

Motion is also available from the standard repositories: http://www.debian-administration.org/article/An_Introduction_to_Video_Surveillance_with_%27Motion%27 Using a 960x720 resolution webcam with a 15 fps rate under the UVC driver the Rev C BeagleBoard under Xubuntu reports ~60% CPU utilisation.

To make the BeagleBoard automatically start recording on boot, do the following:

  • Auto Login - run "gdmsetup" from a terminal and select a user to automatically login
  • Sessions - make sure you don't save any previous X Windows sessions so that it doesn't prompt you for which one you want
  • motion.conf - edit /etc/motion/motion.conf to use the settings you want (that is, video output directory, record only video, record in MPEG-4, set frame rate, etc). Do this with "sudo medit /etc/motion/motion.conf" at a prompt.
  • Boot script - create a new script in /etc/rc2.d called "S65motion_client" and set permissions appropriately ("sudo chmod 777 /etc/rc2.d/S65motion_client"). Then edit the file so it contains the following lines:
#! /bin/sh
/usr/bin/motion -c /etc/motion/motion.conf

This will now launch the motion client as root when you boot up.

Also note that unless your BeagleBoard can remember the time (battery backed up clock installed), the timestamps will not be correct until you update the time. If your BeagleBoard has an Internet connection this can be achieved using the ntpdate application.

Robotics

ROS

ROS (Robot Operating System) provides libraries and tools to help software developers create robot applications. It provides hardware abstraction, device drivers, libraries, visualizers, message-passing, package management, and more. ROS is licensed under an open source, BSD license.

There are currently builds of ROS for Ubuntu Trusty armhf. These builds include most but not all packages, and save a considerable amount of time compared to doing a full source-based installation:

http://wiki.ros.org/indigo/Installation/UbuntuARM

Alternatively ROS can be installed from source and is generally easy to do so (although slow).

For more information about ROS, see www.ros.org.