Difference between revisions of "Help:Images"

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(Syntax: shorten note so that is stands out. Too easy to miss it in ling form.)
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{{PD Help Page}}
 
{{PD Help Page}}
 
This page explains the '''image''' syntax when editing the wiki. You or another user must usually [[Help:Managing files|upload an image]] before you can use it on a page.
 
This page explains the '''image''' syntax when editing the wiki. You or another user must usually [[Help:Managing files|upload an image]] before you can use it on a page.
+
 
== Syntax ==
+
Images that are stored on a MediaWiki server are usually rendered by using the <code>File:</code> namespace prefix (but the legacy <code>Image:</code> namespace prefix is still supported as a synonym) as the target of a MediaWiki link. The alternate <code>Media:</code> namespace prefix is also usable to reference the original media file content (for rendering or downloading it separately, out of any MediaWiki page).
 +
 
 +
== Supported media types for images ==
 +
The following file formats are supported by Mediawiki by default:
 +
* .jpg or .jpeg : bitmap image compressed in the standard JPEG format (this lossy format is most suitable for photographs).
 +
* .png : bitmap image in the ''Portable Network Graphics'' format (specified by the ''W3 Consortium'').
 +
* .gif : bitmap image in the legacy ''Graphics Interchange Format''.
 +
 
 +
Other formats used on Wikimedia, and commonly enabled elsewhere (These may require extra set up beyond what is enabled by default):
 +
* .svg : scalable image in the ''Scalable Vector Graphics'' format (specified by the ''W3 Consortium''). See [[Manual:Image_Administration#SVG]].
 +
* .tiff : Tagged image format. Often used for high-resolution archival photographs. Often used with [[Extension:PagedTiffHandler]].
 +
* .ogg, .oga, .ogv : Ogg multimedia (audio or video) Not an image format, but treated similarly. Often used with [[Extension:OggHandler]]
 +
* .pdf : multipaged documents in the ''Portable Document Format'' (initially specified by ''Adobe''). Often used in conjunction with [[Extension:PdfHandler]]
 +
* .djvu : multipaged bitmap documents in the ''DejaVu'' format (most often, scans of books). See [[Manual:How to use DjVu with MediaWiki]]
 +
*: Only a single page of a .pdf or .djvu file is shown at one time.
 +
 
 +
Other media types may be supported depending on how Mediawiki is set up. Typically they can be uploaded but not displayed inline unless a helper extension is installed.
 +
 
 +
== Rendering a single image ==
 +
 
 +
=== Syntax ===
 
The full syntax for displaying an image is:
 
The full syntax for displaying an image is:
  [[File:{file_name}|{options}]]
+
<nowiki>[[</nowiki>File:''filename.extension''|''options''|''caption'']]
Where options can be zero or more of the following, separated by pipes:
+
 
* ''border'', ''frame'', ''thumb'', or ''frameless'': Controls how the image is formatted
+
where ''options'' can be zero or more of the following, separated by pipes ('''|'''):
* ''left'', ''right'', ''center'', ''none'': Controls the alignment of the image within a text
+
* ''[[#Format|Format]]'' option: one of '''border''' and/or '''frameless''', '''frame''', '''thumb''' (or '''thumbnail''');
* ''baseline'', ''sub'', ''super'', ''top'', ''text-top'', ''middle'', ''bottom'', ''text-bottom'': Controls the vertical alignment of the image within a text
+
*: Controls how the rendered image is formatted and embedded in the rest of the page.
* ''{width} px'': Resizes the image to the given width in pixels
+
* ''[[#Size and Frame|Resizing]]'' option: one of
* ''{width}x{height}px'': Resizes the image to fit within the given width and height in pixels; it is possible to specify only the height by writing ''x{height}px''
+
** ''{width}'''''px''' — Resizes the image to fit within the given maximum width in pixels, without restricting its height;
** ''Note that the image will always retain its aspect ratio.''
+
** '''x'''''{height}'''''px''' — Resizes the image to fit within the given maximum height in pixels, without restricting its width;
* ''link={destination}'': Allows to link to an arbitrary title, URL or just nowhere ({{mediawiki|rev:41727|1.14+}})
+
** ''{width}'''''x'''''{height}'''''px''' — Resizes the image to fit within the given width and height in pixels;
** ''link= '': Will display an image without link, e.g. <code><nowiki>[[</nowiki>File:Example.jpg|20px|link=Help:Images]]</code> [[File:Example.jpg|20px|link=Help:Images]].
+
** '''upright''' — Resizes an image to fit within reasonable dimensions, according to user preferences (suitable for images whose height is larger than width).
** ''Note that ''link'' cannot be used in conjunction with ''thumb'' as thumb is always meant to link to the larger version of the image.  In addition, ''link'' cannot be used with ''frame''.''
+
*: Note that the image will always retain its aspect ratio, and can only be reduced (not increased) in size unless it's in a scalable media type (bitmap images cannot be scaled up).
* ''alt={alternative text}'': For changing the alternative text (''alt=""'') of an image ({{mediawiki|rev:41837|1.14+}})
+
*: The default maximum size depends on the ''format'' and the internal image dimensions (according to its media type).
* Special cases:
+
* ''[[#Horizontal alignment|Horizontal alignment]]'' option: one of '''left''', '''right''', '''center''', '''none''';
** ''page=1'': Displays the specified page when showing a djvu or pdf file
+
*: Controls the horizontal alignment (and inline/block or floating styles) of the image within a text (no default value).
 +
* ''[[#Vertical alignment|Vertical alignment]] option'': one of '''baseline''', '''sub''', '''super''', '''top''', '''text-top''', '''middle''', '''bottom''', '''text-bottom''';
 +
*: Controls the vertical alignment of a non-floating inline image with the text before or after the image, and in the same block (the default vertical alignment is '''middle''').
 +
* ''[[#Altering the default link target|Link]] option'': one of
 +
** '''link='''''{target}'' Allows to change the target (to an arbitrary page title, or URL) of the generated link, activable on the rendered image surface;
 +
** '''link=''' (with an empty value) —  ({{mediawiki|rev:41727|MediaWiki 1.14+}}) Displays an image without any activable link; e.g. <code><nowiki>[[</nowiki>File:Example.jpg|20px|link=]]</code> renders as [[File:Example.jpg|20px|link=]].
 +
: '''!''' Link does '''not''' work with thumb, thumbnail or frame.
 +
* Other specific options:
 +
** '''alt='''''{alternative text}'' — ({{mediawiki|rev:41837|MediaWiki 1.14+}}) Defines the alternative text (maps to the HTML attribute <code>alt="..."</code> of the generated <code>&lt;image /&gt;</code> element) of an image that will be rendered if either the referenced image cannot be downloaded and embedded, or if the support media must use the alternative description text (e.g. when using a Braille reader or with accessibility options set by the user in its browser).
 +
** '''page='''''{number}'' — Renders the specified page number (currently only applicable when showing a .djvu or .pdf file).
 +
 
 +
The options can be given in any order. If the given ''options'' conflict each other, the latter is applied, except for the ''format'' options, where the options take the priority in the order of: '''frame'''; '''thumb''' (or '''thumbnail'''); '''frameless''' and/or '''border'''.
  
The options can be given in any order. If the given options conflict each other, the latter is applied, except for the format options, where the options take the priority in the order of ''frame'', ''thumb'', and ''frameless'' and/or ''border''.
+
If a parameter does not match any of the other possibilities, it is assumed to be the caption text.  Caption text shows below the image in '''thumb''' and '''frame''' formats, or as mouseover text in '''border''', '''frameless''' formats or when the format is omitted.  Caption text displayed in the '''thumb''' and '''frame''' formats may contain wiki links and other formatting.  In the other options, wiki-formatting will not work though transclusion will.
  
If a given option does not match any of the other possibilities, it is assumed to be the caption text. Caption text can contain wiki links or other formatting. If no caption text is supplied a caption is automatically created showing the file name; to completely remove the caption, set it to <code><nowiki><span title=""></span></nowiki></code>. For example, <code><nowiki>[[File:Example.jpg|20px|<span title=""></span>]]</nowiki></code> [[File:Example.jpg|20px|<span title=""></span>]].
+
If no caption text is supplied, a caption is automatically created showing the file name.  To completely remove the caption, set it to <code><nowiki><span title=""></span></nowiki></code>. For example, <code><nowiki>[[File:Example.jpg|20px|<span title=""></span>]]</nowiki></code> renders as [[File:Example.jpg|20px|<span title=""></span>]].
  
== Format ==
+
=== Format ===
 
The following table shows the effect of all available formats.
 
The following table shows the effect of all available formats.
  
{| class="wikitable plainlinks"
+
{|class="wikitable plainlinks"
 
|-
 
|-
 
!Description
 
!Description
 
!You type
 
!You type
 
!You get
 
!You get
{{Help:Images/frame|frame=|ex=no format specified}}
+
{{Help:Images/frame|frame=|ex=no format specified|float=no|inline=yes}}
{{Help:Images/frame|frame=border|ex=border results in a very small gray border}}
+
{{Help:Images/frame|frame=border|ex='''border''' results in a very small gray border|float=no|inline=yes}}
{{Help:Images/frame|frame=frame}}
+
{{Help:Images/frame|frame=frameless|ex='''frameless''', like thumbnail, respect user preferences for image width, but without border and no right float|float=no|inline=yes}}
{{Help:Images/frame|frame=thumb}}
+
{{Help:Images/frame|frame=frameless|2=border|ex='''frameless''' and '''border'''|float=no|inline=yes}}
{{Help:Images/frame|frame=frameless|ex=frameless, like thumbnail, respect user preferences for image width but without border and no right float}}
+
{{Help:Images/frame|frame=frame|ex='''frame'''|float=yes|inline=no}}
{{Help:Images/frame|frame=frameless|2=border|ex=frameless and border}}
+
{{Help:Images/frame|frame=thumb|ex='''thumb''' or '''thumbnail'''|float=yes|inline=no}}
{{Help:Images/frame|2=link=Main Page|ex=internal link}}
 
{{Help:Images/frame|2=link=http://wikipedia.org|ex=external link}}
 
{{Help:Images/frame|2=link=|ex=no link (external or file page)}}
 
 
|}
 
|}
  
When the height of an image in thumbnail is bigger than its width and you find it too outstanding, you may try the option <code>upright</code>, which will try to adjust its size to more desirable size.
+
When the height of an image in thumbnail is bigger than its width (i.e. in portrait orientation rather than landscape) and you find it too large, you may try the option <code>upright</code>, which will try to adjust its size to more desirable size by reducing the height instead the width. The alternative is to specify the desired maximum height (in pixels) explicitly.
  
 
Note that by writing <code>thumb={filename}</code>, you can use a different image for the thumbnail.
 
Note that by writing <code>thumb={filename}</code>, you can use a different image for the thumbnail.
  
== Alignment ==
+
=== Size and Frame ===
Note that when using <code>frame</code> or <code>thumb</code>, the default alignment will be <code>right</code>.
+
Among different formats, the effect of the size parameter may be different, as shown below.
 +
* For how it appears when its size is not specified, see [[#Format|Format]] section above.
 +
* When the format is not specified, or only <code>border</code>ed, the size can be both reduced and enlarged to any specified size.
 +
* In the examples below, the original size of the image is 400 × 267 pixels.
 +
* An image with <code>frame</code> always ignores the size specification, the original image will be reduced if it exceeds the maximum size defined in user preferences.
 +
* The size of an image with <code>thumb</code> can be reduced, but can not be enlarged beyond the original size of the image.
  
{| class="wikitable"
+
{|class="wikitable"
 +
|-
 +
! Format !! Reduced !! Enlarged
 +
{{Help:Images/size|frame=}}
 +
{{Help:Images/size|frame=border}}
 +
{{Help:Images/size|frame=frame}}
 +
{{Help:Images/size|frame=thumb}}
 +
{{Help:Images/size|frame=frameless}}
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
=== Horizontal alignment ===
 +
Note that when using the <code>frame</code> or <code>thumb[nail]</code> formats, the default horizontal alignment will be <code>right</code>.
 +
 
 +
{|class="wikitable"
 +
|-
 
!Description
 
!Description
 
!You type
 
!You type
 
!You get
 
!You get
{{Help:Images/frame|frame=|ex='''no alignment specified''', or default alignment}}
+
{{Help:Images/frame|2=100px|frame=|ex='''no horizontal alignment specified''', or default alignment|inline=yes|float=no}}
{{Help:Images/frame|frame=none|ex=specify alignment as '''none'''}}
+
{{Help:Images/frame|2=100px|frame=none|ex=specify horizontal alignment as: '''none'''|inline=no|float=no}}
{{Help:Images/frame|frame=center}}
+
{{Help:Images/frame|2=100px|frame=center|ex=specify horizontal alignment as: '''center'''|inline=no|float=no}}
{{Help:Images/frame|frame=left}}
+
{{Help:Images/frame|2=100px|frame=left|ex=specify horizontal alignment as: '''left'''|inline=no|float=yes}}
{{Help:Images/frame|frame=right}}
+
{{Help:Images/frame|2=100px|frame=right|ex=specify horizontal alignment as: '''right'''|inline=no|float=yes}}
 
|}
 
|}
  
 
=== Vertical alignment ===
 
=== Vertical alignment ===
  text text <nowiki>[[</nowiki>File:Example.jpg|20px]]
+
The vertical alignment options take effect only if the image '''is''' rendered as an inline element and '''is not''' floating. They alter the way the inlined image will be vertically aligned with the text present in the same block before and/or after this image on the same rendered row.
  text text <nowiki>[[</nowiki>File:Example.jpg|20px|baseline]]
+
 
  text text <nowiki>[[</nowiki>File:Example.jpg|20px|sub]]
+
Note that the rendered line of text where inline images are inserted (and the lines of text rendered after the current one) may be moved down (this will increase the line-height conditionally by additional line spacing, just as it may occur with spans of text with variable font sizes, or with superscripts and subscripts) to allow the image height to be fully displayed with this alignment constraint.
  text text <nowiki>[[</nowiki>File:Example.jpg|20px|super]]
+
 
  text text <nowiki>[[</nowiki>File:Example.jpg|20px|text-top]]
+
<nowiki><p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"></nowiki>
  text text <nowiki>[[</nowiki>File:Example.jpg|20px|middle]]
+
  <nowiki><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del></nowiki>
  text text <nowiki>[[</nowiki>File:Example.jpg|20px|bottom]]
+
<nowiki>'''top:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|top]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|top]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|top]]</nowiki>
  text text <nowiki>[[</nowiki>File:Example.jpg|20px|text-bottom]]
+
<nowiki><del>text</del></u></span></p></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki/>
 +
<nowiki><p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki>'''text-top:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|text-top]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|text-top]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|text-top]]</nowiki>
 +
  <nowiki><del>text</del></u></span></p></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki/>
 +
<nowiki><p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki><sup>super:</sup> [[File:Example.jpg|20px|super]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|super]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|super]]</nowiki>
 +
  <nowiki><del>text</del></u></span></p></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki/>
 +
<nowiki><p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki>'''baseline:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|baseline]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|baseline]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|baseline]]</nowiki>
 +
  <nowiki><del>text</del></u></span></p></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki/>
 +
<nowiki><p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki><sub>'''sub:'''</sub> [[File:Example.jpg|20px|sub]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|sub]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|sub]]</nowiki>
 +
<nowiki><del>text</del></u></span></p></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki/>
 +
  <nowiki><p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki>'''default:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px]][[File:Example.jpg|40px]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border]]</nowiki>
 +
<nowiki><del>text</del></u></span></p></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki/>
 +
<nowiki><p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"></nowiki>
 +
  <nowiki><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki>'''middle:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|middle]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|middle]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|middle]]</nowiki>
 +
<nowiki><del>text</del></u></span></p></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki/>
 +
<nowiki><p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"></nowiki>
 +
  <nowiki><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki>'''text-bottom:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|text-bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|text-bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|text-bottom]]</nowiki>
 +
  <nowiki><del>text</del></u></span></p></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki/>
 +
<nowiki><p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del></nowiki>
 +
<nowiki>'''bottom:'' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|bottom]]</nowiki>
 +
<nowiki><del>text</del></u></span></p></nowiki>
 +
 
 +
results in the following (to show the alignment result more clearly, the text spans are overlined and underlined, the line-height is increased to 200% of the font-height, the font-height is emphasized with a yellow background covering the line margins, and the full line-height is shown with a dark gray border; additionally images of different sizes are aligned, including one with an additional border that adds some pixels to its specified dimensions and slightly changes its vertical alignment):
  
results in (the text is underlined to show the result more clearly)
+
<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
 +
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
 +
'''top:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|top]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|top]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|top]]
 +
<del>text</del></u></span></p>
  
<u>text text [[File:Example.jpg|20px]]
+
<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
text text [[File:Example.jpg|20px|baseline]]
+
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
text text [[File:Example.jpg|20px|sub]]
+
'''text-top:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|text-top]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|text-top]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|text-top]]
text text [[File:Example.jpg|20px|super]]
+
<del>text</del></u></span></p>
text text [[File:Example.jpg|20px|text-top]]
 
text text [[File:Example.jpg|20px|middle]]
 
text text [[File:Example.jpg|20px|bottom]]
 
text text [[File:Example.jpg|20px|text-bottom]]</u>
 
  
== Size and Frame ==
+
<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
Among different formats, the effect of the size parameter may be different, as shown below.
+
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
 +
<sup>'''super:'''</sup> [[File:Example.jpg|20px|super]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|super]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|super]]
 +
<del>text</del></u></span></p>
 +
 
 +
<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
 +
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
 +
'''baseline:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|baseline]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|baseline]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|baseline]]
 +
<del>text</del></u></span></p>
 +
 
 +
<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
 +
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
 +
<sub>'''sub:'''</sub> [[File:Example.jpg|20px|sub]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|sub]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|sub]]
 +
<del>text</del></u></span></p>
 +
 
 +
<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
 +
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
 +
'''default:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border]]
 +
<del>text</del></u></span></p>
 +
 
 +
<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
 +
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
 +
'''middle:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|middle]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|middle]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|middle]]
 +
<del>text</del></u></span></p>
 +
 
 +
<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
 +
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
 +
'''text-bottom:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|text-bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|text-bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|text-bottom]]
 +
<del>text</del></u></span></p>
 +
 
 +
<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
 +
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
 +
'''bottom:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|bottom]]
 +
<del>text</del></u></span></p>
 +
 
 +
Notes:
 +
# The "middle" vertical alignment position of the image (which is also the default) usually refers to the middle between the x-height and the baseline of the text (on which the vertical middle of the image will be aligned, and on which usually the text may be overstroke), but not to the middle of the line-height of the font-height that refers to the space between the "text-top" and "text-bottom" positions ; the font-height excludes:
 +
#* the additional line separation spacing normally divided equally into two line-margins (here 0.5em, according to line-height set to 200%) above and below the font-height).
 +
#* the additional line spacing which may be added by superscripts and subscripts.
 +
# However, if the image height causes its top or bottom position to go above or below the normal full line-height of text, the middle position will be adjusted after the increasing the top and/or bottom line-margins so that the image can fit and align properly, and all images (including those with smaller heights) will be vertically centered on the adjusted middle position (for computing the effective line-height, the text of each rendered row with the larger font-height will be considered).
 +
# The "text-top" and "text-bottom" alignment positions also excludes the extra line spacing added by superscripts and subscripts, but not the additional line-spacing defined by the line-height.
 +
# The "top" and "bottom" alignment positions take into account all these extra line spacings (including superscripts and subscripts, if they are present in a rendered line span). When the image alignment constrains the image to grow above or below the normal line-spacing, and the image is not absolutely positioned, the image will cause the "top" and "bottom" positions to be adjusted (just like superscripts and subscripts), so the effective line-height between rendered lines of text will be higher.
 +
# The "underline", "overline" and "overstrike" text-decoration positions should be somewhere within these two limits and ''may'' depend on the type and height of fonts used (the superscript and subscript styles may be taken into account in some browsers, but usually these styles are ignored and the position of these decorations may not be adjusted); so these decorations normally don't affect the vertical position of images, relatively to the text.
 +
 
 +
=== Stopping the text flow ===
 +
On occasion it is desirable to stop text (or other inline non-floating images) from flowing around a floating image.  Depending on the web browser's screen resolution and such, text flow on the right side of an image may cause a section header (for instance, <nowiki>== My Header ==</nowiki>) to appear to the right of the image, instead of below it, as a user may expect.  The text flow can be stopped by placing '''<nowiki><br style="clear: both" /></nowiki>''' before the text that should start below the floating image.
  
* When the format is not specified, or only <code>border</code>ed, the size can be both reduced and enlarged.
+
All images rendered as blocks (including non-floating '''center'''ed images, '''left'''- or '''right'''-floating images, as well as '''framed''' or '''thumbnail'''ed floating images) are implicitly breaking the surrounding lines of text (terminating the current block of text before the image, and creating a new paragraph for the text after them). They will then stack vertically along their left or right alignment margin (or along the center line between these margins for '''center'''ed images).
* An image with <code>frame</code> always ignores the size specification.
 
* The size of an image with <code>thumb</code> and <code>frameless</code> can be reduced, but can not be enlarged beyond the original size of the image.
 
  
For how it appears when its size is not specified, see [[#Format|Format]] section above.
+
=== Altering the default link target ===
 +
The following table shows how to alter the link target (whose default is the image description page) or how to remove it. Changing the link does not alter the format described in the previous sections.
  
{| class="wikitable"
+
{|class="wikitable plainlinks"
!Format!!Reduced!! Enlarged
+
|-
{{Help:Images/size|frame=}}
+
!Description
{{Help:Images/size|frame=border}}
+
!You type
{{Help:Images/size|frame=frame}}
+
!You get
{{Help:Images/size|frame=thumb}}
+
{{Help:Images/frame|2=link=Main Page|ex=internal link}}
{{Help:Images/size|frame=frameless}}
+
{{Help:Images/frame|2=link=http://wikipedia.org|ex=external link}}
 +
{{Help:Images/frame|2=link=|ex=no link (external or file page)}}
 
|}
 
|}
  
== Stopping text flow ==
+
'''Warning :'''
On occasion it is desirable to stop text from flowing around an image. Depending on the web browser's screen resolution and such, text flow on the right side of an image may cause a section header (for instance, <nowiki>== My Header ==</nowiki>) to appear to the right of the image, instead of below it, as a user may expect.  The text flow can be stopped by placing '''<nowiki><br style="clear: both" /></nowiki>''' before the text that should start after the image.
+
: The licencing requirements on your wiki may not allow you to remove all links to the description page that displays the required authors attributions, the copyrights statements, the applicable licencing terms, or a more complete description of the rendered image (including its history of modifications).
 +
: If you change or remove the target link of an image, you will then have to provide somewhere else on your page an explicit link to this description page, or to display the copyright and author statement and a link to the applicable licence, if they are different from the elements applicable to the embedding page itself.
 +
: Your wiki policy may restrict the use of the alternate link parameter, or may even enforce a prohibition of alternate link parameters for embedded media files (in which case, the link parameter will be ignored), or may only accept to them after validation by authorized users or administrators.
  
== Gallery of images ==
+
== Rendering a gallery of images ==
 +
 
 +
=== Gallery syntax ===
 
It's easy to make a gallery of '''thumbnails only''', not other images, with the <code><nowiki><gallery></nowiki></code> tag. The syntax is:
 
It's easy to make a gallery of '''thumbnails only''', not other images, with the <code><nowiki><gallery></nowiki></code> tag. The syntax is:
 
  <nowiki><gallery></nowiki>
 
  <nowiki><gallery></nowiki>
  File:Image Name.ext|caption
+
  Image:file_name.ext|caption
  File:Image Name.ext|caption
+
  Image:file_name.ext|caption
 
  {...}
 
  {...}
 
  </gallery>
 
  </gallery>
Line 133: Line 269:
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
===Parameters===
+
=== Optional gallery attributes ===
The gallery tag itself takes several additional parameters:
+
The gallery tag itself takes several additional parameters, specified as attribute name-value pairs:
 +
 
 
<pre><gallery {parameters}>
 
<pre><gallery {parameters}>
 
{images}
 
{images}
 
</gallery></pre>
 
</gallery></pre>
 +
 
* <code>caption={caption}</code>: sets a caption on the gallery.
 
* <code>caption={caption}</code>: sets a caption on the gallery.
* <code>widths={width}px</code>: sets the widths of the images. ''Note the plural, width'''s'''''
+
* <code>widths={width}px</code>: sets the widths of the images, default 120px. ''Note the plural, width'''s'''''
 
* <code>heights={heights}px</code>: sets the (max) heights of the images.
 
* <code>heights={heights}px</code>: sets the (max) heights of the images.
 
* <code>perrow={integer}</code>: sets the number of images per row.
 
* <code>perrow={integer}</code>: sets the number of images per row.
Line 175: Line 313:
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
== Links ==
+
== Linking to an image without displaying it ==
 
=== Link to description page ===
 
=== Link to description page ===
 
If you put a colon (<code>:</code>) before <code>{{ns:image}}:</code>, the image will not be embedded and the link will lead to the description page of the file.
 
If you put a colon (<code>:</code>) before <code>{{ns:image}}:</code>, the image will not be embedded and the link will lead to the description page of the file.
Line 187: Line 325:
 
[[:{{ns:image}}:{{mediawiki:image_sample}}|Sunflowers]]
 
[[:{{ns:image}}:{{mediawiki:image_sample}}|Sunflowers]]
  
=== Link to an other page ===
+
=== Link to another page ===
This will make a 50px width picture with a link to the page MediaWiki:
+
{{note|link '''does not work with''' thumb '''or''' frame.}}
 +
This will make a 50px width picture with a link to the page [[MediaWiki]]:
  
 
  <nowiki>[[</nowiki>File:Wiki.png|50px|link=MediaWiki]]
 
  <nowiki>[[</nowiki>File:Wiki.png|50px|link=MediaWiki]]
Line 194: Line 333:
 
[[File:Wiki.png|50px|link=MediaWiki]]
 
[[File:Wiki.png|50px|link=MediaWiki]]
  
=== Link directly to file ===
+
=== Link directly to the media file ===
You can use the pseudo-namespace “{{ns:media}}” to link directly to a file, bypassing the description page.
+
You can use the pseudo-namespace “{{ns:media}}” to link directly to a file without rendering it, bypassing the description page.
  
 
  <nowiki>[[</nowiki>{{ns:media}}:{{mediawiki:image_sample}}]]
 
  <nowiki>[[</nowiki>{{ns:media}}:{{mediawiki:image_sample}}]]
Line 219: Line 358:
  
 
== Files at other websites ==  
 
== Files at other websites ==  
You can link to an external file available online using the same syntax used for linking to an external web page.  
+
You can link to an external file available online using the same syntax used for linking to an external web page.  With these syntaxes, the image will not be rendered, but only the text of the link to this image will be displayed.
 
<pre>[http://url.for/some/image.png]</pre>
 
<pre>[http://url.for/some/image.png]</pre>
Or with different text:
+
 
 +
Or with a different displayed text:
 
<pre>[http://url.for/some/image.png link text here]</pre>
 
<pre>[http://url.for/some/image.png link text here]</pre>
 +
 +
Additional MediaWiki markup or HTML/CSS formatting (for inline elements) is permitted in this displayed text (with the exception of embedded links that would break the surrounding link):
 +
<pre>[http://www.example.com/some/image.png Example '''<del>rich</del>''' ''<ins>link text</ins>'' here.]</pre>
 +
which renders as: [http://www.example.com/some/image.png Example '''<del>rich</del>''' ''<ins>link text<ins>'' here.]
 +
 
If it is enabled on your wiki (see {{mediawiki|Manual:$wgAllowExternalImages}}), you can also embed external images. To do that, simply insert the image's url:
 
If it is enabled on your wiki (see {{mediawiki|Manual:$wgAllowExternalImages}}), you can also embed external images. To do that, simply insert the image's url:
 
<pre>http://url.for/some/image.png</pre>
 
<pre>http://url.for/some/image.png</pre>
 +
Currently, embedded images cannot be resized, but they may be formatted by surrounding MediaWiki markup or HTML/CSS code.
 +
 +
If this wiki option is not enabled, the image will not be embedded but rendered as a textual link to the external site, just like above.
  
 
{{Languages}}
 
{{Languages}}
 
[[Category:Help|Images]]
 
[[Category:Help|Images]]

Revision as of 18:31, 14 January 2011

PD Important note: When you edit this page, you agree to release your contribution into the public domain. If you don't want this or can't do this because of license restrictions, please don't edit. This page is one of the Public Domain Help Pages, which can be freely copied into fresh wiki installations and/or distributed with MediaWiki software; see Help:Contents for an overview of all pages. See Project:PD help/Copying for instructions. PD

This page explains the image syntax when editing the wiki. You or another user must usually upload an image before you can use it on a page.

Images that are stored on a MediaWiki server are usually rendered by using the File: namespace prefix (but the legacy Image: namespace prefix is still supported as a synonym) as the target of a MediaWiki link. The alternate Media: namespace prefix is also usable to reference the original media file content (for rendering or downloading it separately, out of any MediaWiki page).

Supported media types for images

The following file formats are supported by Mediawiki by default:

  • .jpg or .jpeg : bitmap image compressed in the standard JPEG format (this lossy format is most suitable for photographs).
  • .png : bitmap image in the Portable Network Graphics format (specified by the W3 Consortium).
  • .gif : bitmap image in the legacy Graphics Interchange Format.

Other formats used on Wikimedia, and commonly enabled elsewhere (These may require extra set up beyond what is enabled by default):

  • .svg : scalable image in the Scalable Vector Graphics format (specified by the W3 Consortium). See Manual:Image_Administration#SVG.
  • .tiff : Tagged image format. Often used for high-resolution archival photographs. Often used with Extension:PagedTiffHandler.
  • .ogg, .oga, .ogv : Ogg multimedia (audio or video) Not an image format, but treated similarly. Often used with Extension:OggHandler
  • .pdf : multipaged documents in the Portable Document Format (initially specified by Adobe). Often used in conjunction with Extension:PdfHandler
  • .djvu : multipaged bitmap documents in the DejaVu format (most often, scans of books). See Manual:How to use DjVu with MediaWiki
    Only a single page of a .pdf or .djvu file is shown at one time.

Other media types may be supported depending on how Mediawiki is set up. Typically they can be uploaded but not displayed inline unless a helper extension is installed.

Rendering a single image

Syntax

The full syntax for displaying an image is:

[[File:filename.extension|options|caption]]

where options can be zero or more of the following, separated by pipes (|):

  • Format option: one of border and/or frameless, frame, thumb (or thumbnail);
    Controls how the rendered image is formatted and embedded in the rest of the page.
  • Resizing option: one of
    • {width}px — Resizes the image to fit within the given maximum width in pixels, without restricting its height;
    • x{height}px — Resizes the image to fit within the given maximum height in pixels, without restricting its width;
    • {width}x{height}px — Resizes the image to fit within the given width and height in pixels;
    • upright — Resizes an image to fit within reasonable dimensions, according to user preferences (suitable for images whose height is larger than width).
    Note that the image will always retain its aspect ratio, and can only be reduced (not increased) in size unless it's in a scalable media type (bitmap images cannot be scaled up).
    The default maximum size depends on the format and the internal image dimensions (according to its media type).
  • Horizontal alignment option: one of left, right, center, none;
    Controls the horizontal alignment (and inline/block or floating styles) of the image within a text (no default value).
  • Vertical alignment option: one of baseline, sub, super, top, text-top, middle, bottom, text-bottom;
    Controls the vertical alignment of a non-floating inline image with the text before or after the image, and in the same block (the default vertical alignment is middle).
  • Link option: one of
    • link={target} — Allows to change the target (to an arbitrary page title, or URL) of the generated link, activable on the rendered image surface;
    • link= (with an empty value) — (MediaWiki 1.14+) Displays an image without any activable link; e.g. [[File:Example.jpg|20px|link=]] renders as Example.jpg.
! Link does not work with thumb, thumbnail or frame.
  • Other specific options:
    • alt={alternative text} — (MediaWiki 1.14+) Defines the alternative text (maps to the HTML attribute alt="..." of the generated <image /> element) of an image that will be rendered if either the referenced image cannot be downloaded and embedded, or if the support media must use the alternative description text (e.g. when using a Braille reader or with accessibility options set by the user in its browser).
    • page={number} — Renders the specified page number (currently only applicable when showing a .djvu or .pdf file).

The options can be given in any order. If the given options conflict each other, the latter is applied, except for the format options, where the options take the priority in the order of: frame; thumb (or thumbnail); frameless and/or border.

If a parameter does not match any of the other possibilities, it is assumed to be the caption text. Caption text shows below the image in thumb and frame formats, or as mouseover text in border, frameless formats or when the format is omitted. Caption text displayed in the thumb and frame formats may contain wiki links and other formatting. In the other options, wiki-formatting will not work though transclusion will.

If no caption text is supplied, a caption is automatically created showing the file name. To completely remove the caption, set it to <span title=""></span>. For example, [[File:Example.jpg|20px|<span title=""></span>]] renders as .

Format

The following table shows the effect of all available formats.

When the height of an image in thumbnail is bigger than its width (i.e. in portrait orientation rather than landscape) and you find it too large, you may try the option upright, which will try to adjust its size to more desirable size by reducing the height instead the width. The alternative is to specify the desired maximum height (in pixels) explicitly.

Note that by writing thumb={filename}, you can use a different image for the thumbnail.

Size and Frame

Among different formats, the effect of the size parameter may be different, as shown below.

  • For how it appears when its size is not specified, see Format section above.
  • When the format is not specified, or only bordered, the size can be both reduced and enlarged to any specified size.
  • In the examples below, the original size of the image is 400 × 267 pixels.
  • An image with frame always ignores the size specification, the original image will be reduced if it exceeds the maximum size defined in user preferences.
  • The size of an image with thumb can be reduced, but can not be enlarged beyond the original size of the image.
Format Reduced Enlarged
(not specified)
[[File:Example.jpg|50px]]

Example.jpg

[[File:Example.jpg|500px]]

Example.jpg


border
[[File:Example.jpg|border|50px]]

Example.jpg

[[File:Example.jpg|border|500px]]

Example.jpg


frame
[[File:Example.jpg|frame|50px]]
Example.jpg
[[File:Example.jpg|frame|500px]]
Example.jpg


thumb
[[File:Example.jpg|thumb|50px]]
Example.jpg
[[File:Example.jpg|thumb|500px]]
Example.jpg


frameless
[[File:Example.jpg|frameless|50px]]

Example.jpg

[[File:Example.jpg|frameless|500px]]

Example.jpg

Horizontal alignment

Note that when using the frame or thumb[nail] formats, the default horizontal alignment will be right.

Description You type You get
no horizontal alignment specified, or default alignment
Rendered as a floating block: no
Rendered inline: yes
... text text text
[[File:example.jpg|100px|caption]]
text text text ...

text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text caption text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text

specify horizontal alignment as: none
Rendered as a floating block: no
Rendered inline: no
... text text text
[[File:example.jpg|none|100px|caption]]
text text text ...

text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text

caption

text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text

specify horizontal alignment as: center
Rendered as a floating block: no
Rendered inline: no
... text text text
[[File:example.jpg|center|100px|caption]]
text text text ...

text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text

caption

text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text

specify horizontal alignment as: left
Rendered as a floating block: yes
Rendered inline: no
... text text text
[[File:example.jpg|left|100px|caption]]
text text text ...

text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text

caption

text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text

specify horizontal alignment as: right
Rendered as a floating block: yes
Rendered inline: no
... text text text
[[File:example.jpg|right|100px|caption]]
text text text ...

text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text

caption

text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text text

Vertical alignment

The vertical alignment options take effect only if the image is rendered as an inline element and is not floating. They alter the way the inlined image will be vertically aligned with the text present in the same block before and/or after this image on the same rendered row.

Note that the rendered line of text where inline images are inserted (and the lines of text rendered after the current one) may be moved down (this will increase the line-height conditionally by additional line spacing, just as it may occur with spans of text with variable font sizes, or with superscripts and subscripts) to allow the image height to be fully displayed with this alignment constraint.

<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
'''top:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|top]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|top]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|top]]
<del>text</del></u></span></p>

<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
'''text-top:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|text-top]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|text-top]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|text-top]]
<del>text</del></u></span></p>

<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
<sup>super:</sup> [[File:Example.jpg|20px|super]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|super]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|super]]
<del>text</del></u></span></p>

<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
'''baseline:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|baseline]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|baseline]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|baseline]]
<del>text</del></u></span></p>

<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
<sub>'''sub:'''</sub> [[File:Example.jpg|20px|sub]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|sub]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|sub]]
<del>text</del></u></span></p>

<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
'''default:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px]][[File:Example.jpg|40px]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border]]
<del>text</del></u></span></p>

<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
'''middle:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|middle]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|middle]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|middle]]
<del>text</del></u></span></p>

<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
'''text-bottom:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|text-bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|text-bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|text-bottom]]
<del>text</del></u></span></p>

<p style="border:1px solid #AAA;background:#FF0;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2">
<span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>
'''bottom:'' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|border|bottom]]
<del>text</del></u></span></p>

results in the following (to show the alignment result more clearly, the text spans are overlined and underlined, the line-height is increased to 200% of the font-height, the font-height is emphasized with a yellow background covering the line margins, and the full line-height is shown with a dark gray border; additionally images of different sizes are aligned, including one with an additional border that adds some pixels to its specified dimensions and slightly changes its vertical alignment):

text top: Example.jpg Example.jpg Example.jpg text

text text-top: Example.jpg Example.jpg Example.jpg text

text super: Example.jpg Example.jpg Example.jpg text

text baseline: Example.jpg Example.jpg Example.jpg text

text sub: Example.jpg Example.jpg Example.jpg text

text default: Example.jpg Example.jpg Example.jpg text

text middle: Example.jpg Example.jpg Example.jpg text

text text-bottom: Example.jpg Example.jpg Example.jpg text

text bottom: Example.jpg Example.jpg Example.jpg text

Notes:

  1. The "middle" vertical alignment position of the image (which is also the default) usually refers to the middle between the x-height and the baseline of the text (on which the vertical middle of the image will be aligned, and on which usually the text may be overstroke), but not to the middle of the line-height of the font-height that refers to the space between the "text-top" and "text-bottom" positions ; the font-height excludes:
    • the additional line separation spacing normally divided equally into two line-margins (here 0.5em, according to line-height set to 200%) above and below the font-height).
    • the additional line spacing which may be added by superscripts and subscripts.
  2. However, if the image height causes its top or bottom position to go above or below the normal full line-height of text, the middle position will be adjusted after the increasing the top and/or bottom line-margins so that the image can fit and align properly, and all images (including those with smaller heights) will be vertically centered on the adjusted middle position (for computing the effective line-height, the text of each rendered row with the larger font-height will be considered).
  3. The "text-top" and "text-bottom" alignment positions also excludes the extra line spacing added by superscripts and subscripts, but not the additional line-spacing defined by the line-height.
  4. The "top" and "bottom" alignment positions take into account all these extra line spacings (including superscripts and subscripts, if they are present in a rendered line span). When the image alignment constrains the image to grow above or below the normal line-spacing, and the image is not absolutely positioned, the image will cause the "top" and "bottom" positions to be adjusted (just like superscripts and subscripts), so the effective line-height between rendered lines of text will be higher.
  5. The "underline", "overline" and "overstrike" text-decoration positions should be somewhere within these two limits and may depend on the type and height of fonts used (the superscript and subscript styles may be taken into account in some browsers, but usually these styles are ignored and the position of these decorations may not be adjusted); so these decorations normally don't affect the vertical position of images, relatively to the text.

Stopping the text flow

On occasion it is desirable to stop text (or other inline non-floating images) from flowing around a floating image. Depending on the web browser's screen resolution and such, text flow on the right side of an image may cause a section header (for instance, == My Header ==) to appear to the right of the image, instead of below it, as a user may expect. The text flow can be stopped by placing <br style="clear: both" /> before the text that should start below the floating image.

All images rendered as blocks (including non-floating centered images, left- or right-floating images, as well as framed or thumbnailed floating images) are implicitly breaking the surrounding lines of text (terminating the current block of text before the image, and creating a new paragraph for the text after them). They will then stack vertically along their left or right alignment margin (or along the center line between these margins for centered images).

Altering the default link target

The following table shows how to alter the link target (whose default is the image description page) or how to remove it. Changing the link does not alter the format described in the previous sections.

Warning :

The licencing requirements on your wiki may not allow you to remove all links to the description page that displays the required authors attributions, the copyrights statements, the applicable licencing terms, or a more complete description of the rendered image (including its history of modifications).
If you change or remove the target link of an image, you will then have to provide somewhere else on your page an explicit link to this description page, or to display the copyright and author statement and a link to the applicable licence, if they are different from the elements applicable to the embedding page itself.
Your wiki policy may restrict the use of the alternate link parameter, or may even enforce a prohibition of alternate link parameters for embedded media files (in which case, the link parameter will be ignored), or may only accept to them after validation by authorized users or administrators.

Rendering a gallery of images

Gallery syntax

It's easy to make a gallery of thumbnails only, not other images, with the <gallery> tag. The syntax is:

<gallery>
Image:file_name.ext|caption
Image:file_name.ext|caption
{...}
</gallery>

Note that the image code is not enclosed in brackets when enclosed in gallery tags.

Captions are optional, and may contain wiki links or other formatting.

for example:

<gallery>
File:Example.jpg|Item 1
File:Example.jpg|a link to [[Help:Contents]]
File:Example.jpg
File:Example.jpg
File:Example.jpg| ''italic caption''
File:Example.jpg|on page "{{PAGENAME}}"
</gallery>

is formatted as:

Optional gallery attributes

The gallery tag itself takes several additional parameters, specified as attribute name-value pairs:

<gallery {parameters}>
{images}
</gallery>
  • caption={caption}: sets a caption on the gallery.
  • widths={width}px: sets the widths of the images, default 120px. Note the plural, widths
  • heights={heights}px: sets the (max) heights of the images.
  • perrow={integer}: sets the number of images per row.

Example:

Coding:

<gallery widths=60px heights=60px perrow=7 caption="sunflowers are groovy">
File:Example.jpg
File:Example.jpg
File:Example.jpg
File:Example.jpg
File:Example.jpg
File:Example.jpg
File:Example.jpg
File:Example.jpg
File:Example.jpg
File:Example.jpg
</gallery>

Result:

Linking to an image without displaying it

Link to description page

If you put a colon (:) before File:, the image will not be embedded and the link will lead to the description page of the file.

[[:File:Example.jpg]]
[[:File:Example.jpg|Sunflowers]]

results in

File:Example.jpg Sunflowers

Link to another page

<templatestyles src="Note/styles.css" />

link does not work with thumb or frame.

This will make a 50px width picture with a link to the page MediaWiki:

[[File:Wiki.png|50px|link=MediaWiki]]

Wiki.png

Link directly to the media file

You can use the pseudo-namespace “Media” to link directly to a file without rendering it, bypassing the description page.

[[Media:Example.jpg]]
[[Media:Example.jpg|Sunflowers]]

results in

Media:Example.jpg Sunflowers

You can also use: 

[[Special:FilePath/Example.jpg]]

which can be used to link to a potential file, even if it doesn't exist. You can also use:

{{FILEPATH:Example.jpg}}

which generates an external URL to the file inline: https://elinux.org/images/a/a9/Example.jpg

Requisites

Before using images in your page, the system administrator of your wiki must have enabled file uploads and a user has to upload the file. System administrators may also set the wiki to accept files from foreign repositories, such as the Wikimedia Commons. For server side image resizing it is necessary to have a scaler configured (such as GD2, ImageMagick, etc.).

Files at other websites

You can link to an external file available online using the same syntax used for linking to an external web page. With these syntaxes, the image will not be rendered, but only the text of the link to this image will be displayed.

[http://url.for/some/image.png]

Or with a different displayed text:

[http://url.for/some/image.png link text here]

Additional MediaWiki markup or HTML/CSS formatting (for inline elements) is permitted in this displayed text (with the exception of embedded links that would break the surrounding link):

[http://www.example.com/some/image.png Example '''<del>rich</del>''' ''<ins>link text</ins>'' here.]

which renders as: Example rich link text here.

If it is enabled on your wiki (see Manual:$wgAllowExternalImages), you can also embed external images. To do that, simply insert the image's url:

http://url.for/some/image.png

Currently, embedded images cannot be resized, but they may be formatted by surrounding MediaWiki markup or HTML/CSS code.

If this wiki option is not enabled, the image will not be embedded but rendered as a textual link to the external site, just like above.

Language: English