Difference between revisions of "RPiconfig"
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[[Category: RaspberryPi]] | [[Category: RaspberryPi]] | ||
− | As the | + | As the Raspberry Pi doesn't have a conventional BIOS, the various system configuration parameters that would normally be kept and set using the BIOS are now stored in a text file named "config.txt". |
The Raspberry Pi config.txt file is read by the GPU before the ARM core is initialised. | The Raspberry Pi config.txt file is read by the GPU before the ARM core is initialised. | ||
− | This file is an optional file on the boot partition. | + | This file is an optional file on the boot partition. It would normally be accessible as /boot/config.txt from Linux, but from Windows (or OS X) it would be seen as a file in the accessible part of the card. |
To edit the configuration file, see the instructions at [[R-Pi_ConfigurationFile]]. | To edit the configuration file, see the instructions at [[R-Pi_ConfigurationFile]]. | ||
Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
=File format= | =File format= | ||
− | The format is "property=value" where value is an integer. You may specify only one option per line. Comments may be added by starting a line with the '#' character. | + | The format is "property=value" where value is an integer. You may specify only one option per line. Comments may be added by starting a line with the '#' character. |
Note: In the newer Raspberry Pi models there is # before every line, if you want changes to have an affect then 'uncomment' meaning remove the #. | Note: In the newer Raspberry Pi models there is # before every line, if you want changes to have an affect then 'uncomment' meaning remove the #. | ||
Here is an example file | Here is an example file | ||
− | '''# Set | + | '''# Set sdtv mode to PAL (as used in Europe) |
sdtv_mode=2 | sdtv_mode=2 | ||
# Force the monitor to HDMI mode so that sound will be sent over HDMI cable | # Force the monitor to HDMI mode so that sound will be sent over HDMI cable | ||
Line 27: | Line 27: | ||
# Set monitor mode to DMT | # Set monitor mode to DMT | ||
hdmi_group=2 | hdmi_group=2 | ||
− | # Set monitor resolution to 1024x768 XGA | + | # Set monitor resolution to 1024x768 XGA 60 Hz (HDMI_DMT_XGA_60) |
hdmi_mode=16 | hdmi_mode=16 | ||
# Make display smaller to stop text spilling off the screen | # Make display smaller to stop text spilling off the screen | ||
Line 43: | Line 43: | ||
'''gpu_mem''' GPU memory in megabyte. Sets the memory split between the ARM and GPU. ARM gets the remaining memory. Min 16. Default 64 | '''gpu_mem''' GPU memory in megabyte. Sets the memory split between the ARM and GPU. ARM gets the remaining memory. Min 16. Default 64 | ||
− | '''gpu_mem_256''' GPU memory in megabyte for the | + | '''gpu_mem_256''' GPU memory in megabyte for the 256 MB Raspberry Pi. Ignored by the 512 MB RP. Overrides gpu_mem. Max 192. Default not set |
− | '''gpu_mem_512''' GPU memory in megabyte for the | + | '''gpu_mem_512''' GPU memory in megabyte for the 512 MB Raspberry Pi. Ignored by the 256 MB RP. Overrides gpu_mem. Max 448. Default not set |
− | '''disable_pvt''' Disable adjusting the refresh rate of RAM every | + | '''disable_pvt''' Disable adjusting the refresh rate of RAM every 500 ms (measuring RAM temperature). |
− | ==CMA - | + | ==CMA - dynamic memory split== |
The firmware and kernel as of 19. November 2012 supports CMA, which means the memory split between ARM and GPU is managed dynamically at runtime. | The firmware and kernel as of 19. November 2012 supports CMA, which means the memory split between ARM and GPU is managed dynamically at runtime. | ||
− | You can find an [http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php? | + | You can find an [http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?p=223549#p223549 example config.txt here]. |
'''cma_lwm''' When GPU has less than cma_lwm (low water mark) memory available it will request some from ARM. | '''cma_lwm''' When GPU has less than cma_lwm (low water mark) memory available it will request some from ARM. | ||
Line 60: | Line 60: | ||
The following options need to be in cmdline.txt for CMA to work: | The following options need to be in cmdline.txt for CMA to work: | ||
coherent_pool=6M smsc95xx.turbo_mode=N | coherent_pool=6M smsc95xx.turbo_mode=N | ||
+ | |||
+ | Note: As per https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/issues/503 popcornmix states that CMA is not officially supported. | ||
=Camera= | =Camera= | ||
− | '''disable_camera_led''' Turn off the red camera | + | '''disable_camera_led''' Turn off the red camera LED when recording video or taking a still picture |
disable_camera_led=1 | disable_camera_led=1 | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''gpu_mem''' minimum GPU memory for camera use | ||
+ | gpu_mem=128 | ||
=Video= | =Video= | ||
Line 134: | Line 139: | ||
'''hdmi_mode''' defines screen resolution in CEA or DMT format | '''hdmi_mode''' defines screen resolution in CEA or DMT format | ||
+ | (for other modes not listed here have a look at [http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=24679 this thread]) | ||
'''These values are valid if hdmi_group=1 (CEA)''' | '''These values are valid if hdmi_group=1 (CEA)''' | ||
hdmi_mode=1 VGA | hdmi_mode=1 VGA | ||
− | hdmi_mode=2 480p | + | hdmi_mode=2 480p 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=3 480p | + | hdmi_mode=3 480p 60 Hz H |
− | hdmi_mode=4 720p | + | hdmi_mode=4 720p 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=5 1080i | + | hdmi_mode=5 1080i 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=6 480i | + | hdmi_mode=6 480i 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=7 480i | + | hdmi_mode=7 480i 60 Hz H |
− | hdmi_mode=8 240p | + | hdmi_mode=8 240p 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=9 240p | + | hdmi_mode=9 240p 60 Hz H |
− | hdmi_mode=10 480i | + | hdmi_mode=10 480i 60 Hz 4x |
− | hdmi_mode=11 480i | + | hdmi_mode=11 480i 60 Hz 4x H |
− | hdmi_mode=12 240p | + | hdmi_mode=12 240p 60 Hz 4x |
− | hdmi_mode=13 240p | + | hdmi_mode=13 240p 60 Hz 4x H |
− | hdmi_mode=14 480p | + | hdmi_mode=14 480p 60 Hz 2x |
− | hdmi_mode=15 480p | + | hdmi_mode=15 480p 60 Hz 2x H |
− | hdmi_mode=16 1080p | + | hdmi_mode=16 1080p 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=17 576p | + | hdmi_mode=17 576p 50 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=18 576p | + | hdmi_mode=18 576p 50 Hz H |
− | hdmi_mode=19 720p | + | hdmi_mode=19 720p 50 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=20 1080i | + | hdmi_mode=20 1080i 50 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=21 576i | + | hdmi_mode=21 576i 50 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=22 576i | + | hdmi_mode=22 576i 50 Hz H |
− | hdmi_mode=23 288p | + | hdmi_mode=23 288p 50 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=24 288p | + | hdmi_mode=24 288p 50 Hz H |
− | hdmi_mode=25 576i | + | hdmi_mode=25 576i 50 Hz 4x |
− | hdmi_mode=26 576i | + | hdmi_mode=26 576i 50 Hz 4x H |
− | hdmi_mode=27 288p | + | hdmi_mode=27 288p 50 Hz 4x |
− | hdmi_mode=28 288p | + | hdmi_mode=28 288p 50 Hz 4x H |
− | hdmi_mode=29 576p | + | hdmi_mode=29 576p 50 Hz 2x |
− | hdmi_mode=30 576p | + | hdmi_mode=30 576p 50 Hz 2x H |
− | hdmi_mode=31 1080p | + | hdmi_mode=31 1080p 50 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=32 1080p | + | hdmi_mode=32 1080p 24 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=33 1080p | + | hdmi_mode=33 1080p 25 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=34 1080p | + | hdmi_mode=34 1080p 30 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=35 480p | + | hdmi_mode=35 480p 60 Hz 4x |
− | hdmi_mode=36 480p | + | hdmi_mode=36 480p 60 Hz 4xH |
− | hdmi_mode=37 576p | + | hdmi_mode=37 576p 50 Hz 4x |
− | hdmi_mode=38 576p | + | hdmi_mode=38 576p 50 Hz 4x H |
− | hdmi_mode=39 1080i | + | hdmi_mode=39 1080i 50 Hz reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=40 1080i | + | hdmi_mode=40 1080i 100 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=41 720p | + | hdmi_mode=41 720p 100 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=42 576p | + | hdmi_mode=42 576p 100 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=43 576p | + | hdmi_mode=43 576p 100 Hz H |
− | hdmi_mode=44 576i | + | hdmi_mode=44 576i 100 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=45 576i | + | hdmi_mode=45 576i 100 Hz H |
− | hdmi_mode=46 1080i | + | hdmi_mode=46 1080i 120 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=47 720p | + | hdmi_mode=47 720p 120 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=48 480p | + | hdmi_mode=48 480p 120 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=49 480p | + | hdmi_mode=49 480p 120 Hz H |
− | hdmi_mode=50 480i | + | hdmi_mode=50 480i 120 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=51 480i | + | hdmi_mode=51 480i 120 Hz H |
− | hdmi_mode=52 576p | + | hdmi_mode=52 576p 200 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=53 576p | + | hdmi_mode=53 576p 200 Hz H |
− | hdmi_mode=54 576i | + | hdmi_mode=54 576i 200 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=55 576i | + | hdmi_mode=55 576i 200 Hz H |
− | hdmi_mode=56 480p | + | hdmi_mode=56 480p 240 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=57 480p | + | hdmi_mode=57 480p 240 Hz H |
− | hdmi_mode=58 480i | + | hdmi_mode=58 480i 240 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=59 480i | + | hdmi_mode=59 480i 240 Hz H |
H means 16:9 variant (of a normally 4:3 mode). | H means 16:9 variant (of a normally 4:3 mode). | ||
− | 2x means pixel doubled ( | + | 2x means pixel doubled (that is, higher clock rate, with each pixel repeated twice) |
− | 4x means pixel quadrupled ( | + | 4x means pixel quadrupled (that is, higher clock rate, with each pixel repeated four times) |
'''These values are valid if hdmi_group=2 (DMT)''' | '''These values are valid if hdmi_group=2 (DMT)''' | ||
Note: according to http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=26&t=20155&p=195417&hilit=2560x1600#p195443 | Note: according to http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=26&t=20155&p=195417&hilit=2560x1600#p195443 | ||
− | there is a pixel clock limit which means the highest supported mode is 1920x1200 @ | + | there is a pixel clock limit which means the highest supported mode is 1920x1200 @60 Hz with reduced blanking. |
− | hdmi_mode=1 640x350 | + | hdmi_mode=1 640x350 85 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=2 640x400 | + | hdmi_mode=2 640x400 85 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=3 720x400 | + | hdmi_mode=3 720x400 85 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=4 640x480 | + | hdmi_mode=4 640x480 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=5 640x480 | + | hdmi_mode=5 640x480 72 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=6 640x480 | + | hdmi_mode=6 640x480 75 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=7 640x480 | + | hdmi_mode=7 640x480 85 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=8 800x600 | + | hdmi_mode=8 800x600 56 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=9 800x600 | + | hdmi_mode=9 800x600 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=10 800x600 | + | hdmi_mode=10 800x600 72 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=11 800x600 | + | hdmi_mode=11 800x600 75 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=12 800x600 | + | hdmi_mode=12 800x600 85 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=13 800x600 | + | hdmi_mode=13 800x600 120 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=14 848x480 | + | hdmi_mode=14 848x480 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=15 1024x768 | + | hdmi_mode=15 1024x768 43 Hz DO NOT USE |
− | hdmi_mode=16 1024x768 | + | hdmi_mode=16 1024x768 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=17 1024x768 | + | hdmi_mode=17 1024x768 70 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=18 1024x768 | + | hdmi_mode=18 1024x768 75 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=19 1024x768 | + | hdmi_mode=19 1024x768 85 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=20 1024x768 | + | hdmi_mode=20 1024x768 120 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=21 1152x864 | + | hdmi_mode=21 1152x864 75 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=22 1280x768 | + | hdmi_mode=22 1280x768 Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=23 1280x768 | + | hdmi_mode=23 1280x768 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=24 1280x768 | + | hdmi_mode=24 1280x768 75 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=25 1280x768 | + | hdmi_mode=25 1280x768 85 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=26 1280x768 | + | hdmi_mode=26 1280x768 120 Hz Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=27 1280x800 | + | hdmi_mode=27 1280x800 Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=28 1280x800 | + | hdmi_mode=28 1280x800 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=29 1280x800 | + | hdmi_mode=29 1280x800 75 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=30 1280x800 | + | hdmi_mode=30 1280x800 85 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=31 1280x800 | + | hdmi_mode=31 1280x800 120 Hz Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=32 1280x960 | + | hdmi_mode=32 1280x960 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=33 1280x960 | + | hdmi_mode=33 1280x960 85 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=34 1280x960 | + | hdmi_mode=34 1280x960 120 Hz Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=35 1280x1024 | + | hdmi_mode=35 1280x1024 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=36 1280x1024 | + | hdmi_mode=36 1280x1024 75 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=37 1280x1024 | + | hdmi_mode=37 1280x1024 85 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=38 1280x1024 | + | hdmi_mode=38 1280x1024 120 Hz Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=39 1360x768 | + | hdmi_mode=39 1360x768 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=40 1360x768 | + | hdmi_mode=40 1360x768 120 Hz Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=41 1400x1050 | + | hdmi_mode=41 1400x1050 Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=42 1400x1050 | + | hdmi_mode=42 1400x1050 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=43 1400x1050 | + | hdmi_mode=43 1400x1050 75 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=44 1400x1050 | + | hdmi_mode=44 1400x1050 85 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=45 1400x1050 | + | hdmi_mode=45 1400x1050 120 Hz Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=46 1440x900 | + | hdmi_mode=46 1440x900 Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=47 1440x900 | + | hdmi_mode=47 1440x900 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=48 1440x900 | + | hdmi_mode=48 1440x900 75 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=49 1440x900 | + | hdmi_mode=49 1440x900 85 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=50 1440x900 | + | hdmi_mode=50 1440x900 120 Hz Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=51 1600x1200 | + | hdmi_mode=51 1600x1200 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=52 1600x1200 | + | hdmi_mode=52 1600x1200 65 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=53 1600x1200 | + | hdmi_mode=53 1600x1200 70 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=54 1600x1200 | + | hdmi_mode=54 1600x1200 75 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=55 1600x1200 | + | hdmi_mode=55 1600x1200 85 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=56 1600x1200 | + | hdmi_mode=56 1600x1200 120 Hz Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=57 1680x1050 | + | hdmi_mode=57 1680x1050 Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=58 1680x1050 | + | hdmi_mode=58 1680x1050 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=59 1680x1050 | + | hdmi_mode=59 1680x1050 75 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=60 1680x1050 | + | hdmi_mode=60 1680x1050 85 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=61 1680x1050 | + | hdmi_mode=61 1680x1050 120 Hz Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=62 1792x1344 | + | hdmi_mode=62 1792x1344 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=63 1792x1344 | + | hdmi_mode=63 1792x1344 75 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=64 1792x1344 | + | hdmi_mode=64 1792x1344 120 Hz Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=65 1856x1392 | + | hdmi_mode=65 1856x1392 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=66 1856x1392 | + | hdmi_mode=66 1856x1392 75 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=67 1856x1392 | + | hdmi_mode=67 1856x1392 120 Hz Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=68 1920x1200 | + | hdmi_mode=68 1920x1200 Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=69 1920x1200 | + | hdmi_mode=69 1920x1200 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=70 1920x1200 | + | hdmi_mode=70 1920x1200 75 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=71 1920x1200 | + | hdmi_mode=71 1920x1200 85 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=72 1920x1200 | + | hdmi_mode=72 1920x1200 120 Hz Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=73 1920x1440 | + | hdmi_mode=73 1920x1440 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=74 1920x1440 | + | hdmi_mode=74 1920x1440 75 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=75 1920x1440 | + | hdmi_mode=75 1920x1440 120 Hz Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=76 2560x1600 | + | hdmi_mode=76 2560x1600 Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=77 2560x1600 | + | hdmi_mode=77 2560x1600 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=78 2560x1600 | + | hdmi_mode=78 2560x1600 75 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=79 2560x1600 | + | hdmi_mode=79 2560x1600 85 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=80 2560x1600 | + | hdmi_mode=80 2560x1600 120 Hz Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=81 1366x768 | + | hdmi_mode=81 1366x768 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=82 1080p | + | hdmi_mode=82 1080p 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=83 1600x900 | + | hdmi_mode=83 1600x900 Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=84 2048x1152 | + | hdmi_mode=84 2048x1152 Reduced blanking |
− | hdmi_mode=85 720p | + | hdmi_mode=85 720p 60 Hz |
− | hdmi_mode=86 1366x768 | + | hdmi_mode=86 1366x768 Reduced blanking |
'''overscan_left''' number of pixels to skip on left | '''overscan_left''' number of pixels to skip on left | ||
Line 301: | Line 307: | ||
'''framebuffer_height''' console framebuffer height in pixels. Default is display height minus overscan. | '''framebuffer_height''' console framebuffer height in pixels. Default is display height minus overscan. | ||
− | '''framebuffer_depth''' console framebuffer depth in bits per pixel. Default is 16. | + | '''framebuffer_depth''' console framebuffer depth in bits per pixel. Default is 16. 8 bit is valid, but default RGB palette makes an unreadable screen. 24 bit looks better but has corruption issues as of 20120615. 32 bit has no corruption issues but needs framebuffer_ignore_alpha=1 and shows the wrong colors as of 20120615. |
− | '''framebuffer_ignore_alpha''' set to 1 to disable alpha channel. Helps with | + | '''framebuffer_ignore_alpha''' set to 1 to disable alpha channel. Helps with 32 bit. |
'''test_mode''' enable test sound/image during boot for manufacturing test. | '''test_mode''' enable test sound/image during boot for manufacturing test. | ||
Line 313: | Line 319: | ||
'''display_rotate''' rotates the display clockwise on the screen (default=0) or flips the display. | '''display_rotate''' rotates the display clockwise on the screen (default=0) or flips the display. | ||
display_rotate=0 Normal | display_rotate=0 Normal | ||
− | display_rotate=1 | + | display_rotate=1 90 degrees |
display_rotate=2 180 degrees | display_rotate=2 180 degrees | ||
display_rotate=3 270 degrees | display_rotate=3 270 degrees | ||
Line 320: | Line 326: | ||
Note: the 90 and 270 degrees rotation options require additional memory on GPU, so won't work with the 16M GPU split. Probably the reason for: | Note: the 90 and 270 degrees rotation options require additional memory on GPU, so won't work with the 16M GPU split. Probably the reason for: | ||
− | * Crashes my | + | * Crashes my Raspberry Pi before Linux boots if set to "1" -- REW 20120913. |
+ | |||
+ | '''overscan_scale''' is mentioned in [https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/commit/59059dea7a8e87489e0f9bc844fd6f54eb96f25d], [http://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=67&t=15700&p=161893#p161893] and [http://forum.openframeworks.cc/t/reported-display-display-size-with-320x240-tft-on-raspberry-pi/15144/11] as a feature in new firmware (Aug 2012 and later). | ||
+ | * overscan_scale=1 caused the output of openFrameworks to respect the overscan_left, overscan_right, top and bottom settings with the use of a LCD display connected via composite. | ||
==Which values are valid for my monitor?== | ==Which values are valid for my monitor?== | ||
Your HDMI monitor may support only a limited set of formats. To find out which formats are supported, use the following method. | Your HDMI monitor may support only a limited set of formats. To find out which formats are supported, use the following method. | ||
− | *Set the output format to VGA | + | *Set the output format to VGA 60 Hz (hdmi_group=1 hdmi_mode=1) and boot up the Raspberry Pi |
*Enter the following command to give a list of CEA supported modes | *Enter the following command to give a list of CEA supported modes | ||
'''/opt/vc/bin/tvservice -m CEA''' | '''/opt/vc/bin/tvservice -m CEA''' | ||
Line 338: | Line 347: | ||
=Licensed Codecs= | =Licensed Codecs= | ||
− | Hardware decoding of additional codecs can be enabled by purchasing a license that is locked to the CPU serial number of your Raspberry Pi. | + | Hardware decoding of additional codecs can be enabled by [http://www.raspberrypi.com/ purchasing a license] that is locked to the CPU serial number of your Raspberry Pi. |
+ | |||
+ | You need to have at least assigned 32 megabytes to the GPU to enable the codecs. | ||
'''decode_MPG2''' License key to allow hardware MPEG-2 decoding. | '''decode_MPG2''' License key to allow hardware MPEG-2 decoding. | ||
Line 346: | Line 357: | ||
decode_WVC1=0x12345678 | decode_WVC1=0x12345678 | ||
− | License setup for SD | + | License setup for SD card sharing between multiple Raspberry Pis. Maximum of 8 licenses at once. |
decode_XXXX=0x12345678,0xabcdabcd,0x87654321,... | decode_XXXX=0x12345678,0xabcdabcd,0x87654321,... | ||
Line 364: | Line 375: | ||
'''ramfsaddr''' address to load ramfs file at | '''ramfsaddr''' address to load ramfs file at | ||
− | '''initramfs''' (string address) ramfs file and | + | '''initramfs''' (string address) ramfs file and address to load it at (it's like ramfsfile+ramfsaddr in one option). NOTE: this option uses different syntax than all other options - you should not use "=" character here. Example: |
initramfs initramf.gz 0x00800000 | initramfs initramf.gz 0x00800000 | ||
'''device_tree_address''' address to load device_tree at | '''device_tree_address''' address to load device_tree at | ||
− | '''init_uart_baud''' initial | + | '''init_uart_baud''' initial UART baud rate. Default 115200 |
− | '''init_uart_clock''' initial | + | '''init_uart_clock''' initial UART clock. Default 3000000 (3 MHz) |
− | '''init_emmc_clock''' initial | + | '''init_emmc_clock''' initial eMMC clock. Default 100000000 (100 MHz) |
'''boot_delay''' wait for given number of seconds in start.elf before loading kernel. delay = 1000 * boot_delay + boot_delay_ms. Default 1 | '''boot_delay''' wait for given number of seconds in start.elf before loading kernel. delay = 1000 * boot_delay + boot_delay_ms. Default 1 | ||
Line 384: | Line 395: | ||
=Overclocking= | =Overclocking= | ||
− | '''NOTE:''' Setting parameters other than that available by 'raspi-config' will set a permanent bit within the | + | '''NOTE:''' Setting parameters other than that available by 'raspi-config' will set a permanent bit within the SoC, making it possibly to detect that you Raspberry Pi has been overclocked. This was meant to void warranty if the device has been overclocked. Since 19th of September 2012 you can overclock your Raspberry Pi without affecting your warranty<ref>[http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/2008 Introducing turbo mode: up to 50% more performance for free]</ref> |
The latest kernel has a [http://www.pantz.org/software/cpufreq/usingcpufreqonlinux.html cpufreq] kernel driver with the "ondemand" governor enabled by default. It has no effect if you have no overclock settings. | The latest kernel has a [http://www.pantz.org/software/cpufreq/usingcpufreqonlinux.html cpufreq] kernel driver with the "ondemand" governor enabled by default. It has no effect if you have no overclock settings. | ||
− | But when you do, the arm frequency will vary with processor load. | + | But when you do, the arm frequency will vary with processor load. Non default values are only used when needed according to the used governor. You can adjust the minimum values with the *_min config options or disable dynamic clocking with force_turbo=1. <ref name=cpufreq>http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?p=169726#p169726</ref> |
− | Overclock and overvoltage will be disabled at runtime when the SoC reaches | + | Overclock and overvoltage will be disabled at runtime when the SoC reaches 85 °C to cool it down. You should not hit the limit, even with maximum settings at 25 °C ambient temperature. <ref name=freq_overheat>http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=11579#p169872</ref> |
==Overclocking options== | ==Overclocking options== | ||
Line 421: | Line 432: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!align="right"|over_voltage | !align="right"|over_voltage | ||
− | | ARM/GPU core voltage adjust. [-16,8] equates to [0. | + | | ARM/GPU core voltage adjust. [-16,8] equates to [0.8 V,1.4 V] with 0.025 V steps. <ref name=voltages>What this means is that you can specify -16 and get 0.8 V as the GPU/core voltage, and specify 8 and get 1.4 V</ref> Default is 0 (1.2 V). Values above 6 are only allowed when force_turbo or current_limit_override are specified (which set the warranty bit). |
|- | |- | ||
!align="right"|over_voltage_sdram | !align="right"|over_voltage_sdram | ||
Line 427: | Line 438: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!align="right"|over_voltage_sdram_c | !align="right"|over_voltage_sdram_c | ||
− | | SDRAM controller voltage adjust. [-16,8] equates to [0. | + | | SDRAM controller voltage adjust. [-16,8] equates to [0.8 V,1.4 V] with 0.025 V steps. Default 0 (1.2 V) <ref name=voltages /> |
|- | |- | ||
!align="right"|over_voltage_sdram_i | !align="right"|over_voltage_sdram_i | ||
− | | SDRAM I/O voltage adjust. [-16,8] equates to [0. | + | | SDRAM I/O voltage adjust. [-16,8] equates to [0.8 V,1.4 V] with 0.025 V steps. Default 0 (1.2 V)<ref name=voltages /> |
|- | |- | ||
!align="right"|over_voltage_sdram_p | !align="right"|over_voltage_sdram_p | ||
− | | SDRAM phy voltage adjust. [-16,8] equates to [0. | + | | SDRAM phy voltage adjust. [-16,8] equates to [0.8 V,1.4 V] with 0.025 V steps. Default 0 (1.2 V)<ref name=voltages /> |
|- | |- | ||
!align="right"|force_turbo | !align="right"|force_turbo | ||
− | | Disables dynamic cpufreq driver and minimum settings below. Enables | + | | Disables dynamic cpufreq driver and minimum settings below. Enables H.264/V3D/ISP overclock options. Default 0. May set warranty bit. |
|- | |- | ||
!align="right"|initial_turbo | !align="right"|initial_turbo | ||
− | | Enables turbo mode from boot for the given value in seconds (up to 60) or until cpufreq sets a frequency | + | | Enables turbo mode from boot for the given value in seconds (up to 60) or until cpufreq sets a frequency. Default 0 <ref name=initial_turbo>http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=6201&start=425#p180099</ref> |
|- | |- | ||
!align="right"|arm_freq_min | !align="right"|arm_freq_min | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!align="right"| current_limit_override | !align="right"| current_limit_override | ||
− | | | + | | This is enabled by default.<ref name=current_limit_override>http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=6201&start=325#p170793</ref> |
|} | |} | ||
Line 464: | Line 475: | ||
enables dynamic clocks and voltage for the ARM core, GPU core and SDRAM. | enables dynamic clocks and voltage for the ARM core, GPU core and SDRAM. | ||
When busy, ARM frequency go up to "arm_freq" and down to "arm_freq_min" on idle. | When busy, ARM frequency go up to "arm_freq" and down to "arm_freq_min" on idle. | ||
− | "core_freq", "sdram_freq" and "over_voltage" behave the same. "over_voltage" is limited to 6 (1. | + | "core_freq", "sdram_freq" and "over_voltage" behave the same. "over_voltage" is limited to 6 (1.35 V). |
− | Non default values for the | + | Non default values for the H.264/V3D/ISP parts are ignored. |
force_turbo=1 | force_turbo=1 | ||
disables dynamic clocking, so all frequencies and voltages stay high. | disables dynamic clocking, so all frequencies and voltages stay high. | ||
− | Overclocking of | + | Overclocking of H.264/V3D/ISP GPU parts is allowed as well as setting "over_voltage" to 8 (1.4 V). |
<ref name=force_turbo>http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=6201&sid=852d546291ae711ffcd8bf23d3214581&start=325#p170793</ref> | <ref name=force_turbo>http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=6201&sid=852d546291ae711ffcd8bf23d3214581&start=325#p170793</ref> | ||
== Clocks relationship == | == Clocks relationship == | ||
− | The GPU core, | + | The GPU core, H.264, V3D and ISP share a PLL, therefore need to have related frequencies. ARM, SDRAM and GPU each have their own PLLs and can have unrelated frequencies.<ref name=freq_relationship>http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=6201&start=275#p168042</ref> |
The following is not necessary with "avoid_pwm_pll=1". | The following is not necessary with "avoid_pwm_pll=1". | ||
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gpu_freq = pll_freq / [even number] | gpu_freq = pll_freq / [even number] | ||
− | The effective gpu_freq is automatically rounded to nearest even integer, so asking for core_freq=500 and gpu_freq=300 will result in divisor of 2000/300 = 6.666 => 6 and so 333. | + | The effective gpu_freq is automatically rounded to nearest even integer, so asking for core_freq=500 and gpu_freq=300 will result in divisor of 2000/300 = 6.666 => 6 and so 333.33 MHz. |
==Tested values== | ==Tested values== | ||
− | The following table shows some | + | The following table shows some successful attempts at overclocking, which can be used for orientation. These settings may not work on every device and can shorten the lifetime of the Broadcom SoC. |
{| border="1" | {| border="1" | ||
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There are [http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=6201&p=159188&hilit=hynix#p159160 reports] that Hynix RAM is not as good as Samsung RAM for overclocking. | There are [http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=6201&p=159188&hilit=hynix#p159160 reports] that Hynix RAM is not as good as Samsung RAM for overclocking. | ||
− | == SD | + | == SD card usage with overclocking == |
− | + | SD card setup redirect: http://elinux.org/RPi_Easy_SD_Card_Setup | |
− | + | Stability of SD card operations when using overclocking is independent of: | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | * Filesystem type, ext4, NTFS or other. | |
+ | * SD card vendor. | ||
+ | * The Raspberry Pi model. | ||
+ | * SD card size - verified for 16 GB and up. | ||
− | + | What ''does'' matter is when you ''under-power'' your Raspberry Pi (that is, less than the Raspberry Pi base setup specifications!). | |
+ | |||
+ | There initially was an increased likelihood of SD card corruption when using overclocking. This is no longer an issue (with firmware from Nov 11 2013 or later). | ||
− | + | == Monitoring temperature and voltage == | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | It's generally a good idea to keep the core temp below 70 degrees, and the voltage above 4. | + | To monitor the Raspberry Pi's temperature, look at: <code>/sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp</code><br> |
+ | To monitor the Raspberry Pi's current frequency, look at: <code>/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq</code><br> | ||
+ | To monitor the Raspberry Pi's PSU voltage, you'll need a multimeter, across the power supply test points, or the expansion header. | ||
+ | |||
+ | It's generally a good idea to keep the core temp below 70 degrees, and the voltage above 4.8 V. (Note that some, not necessarily cheap, USB power supplies fall as low as 4.2 V, this is because they are usually designed to charge a 3.7 V lithium polymer battery, rather than to supply a solid 5 V to a computer). Also, a heatsink can be helpful, especially if the Raspberry Pi is to be run inside a case. A suitable heatsink is the self-adhesive BGA (ball-grid-array) 14x14x10 mm heatsink, part 674-4756 from RS Components. | ||
== Overclock stability test == | == Overclock stability test == | ||
− | Most overclocking issues show up right away with a failure to boot, but it is possible to get filesystem corruption that arises over time. Here is a script to stress-test the stability of the system, specifically the SD | + | Most overclocking issues show up right away with a failure to boot, but it is possible to get filesystem corruption that arises over time. Here is a script to stress-test the stability of the system, specifically the SD card. If this script runs to completion, without any errors showing in <code>dmesg</code>, then the Raspberry Pi is probably stable with these settings. |
− | If the system ''does'' crash, then hold down the ''shift'' key during boot, which will temporarily disable all overclocking. Also, note that SD | + | If the system ''does'' crash, then hold down the ''shift'' key during boot, which will temporarily disable all overclocking. Also, note that SD card issues are usually affected by the core_freq, rather than the arm_freq, and that there is a surprisingly big jump in this (from 250 MHz to 500 MHz) between the ''High'' speed (950 MHz) and ''Turbo'' (1 GHz) presets in raspi-config. |
#!/bin/bash | #!/bin/bash | ||
Line 550: | Line 556: | ||
for i in `seq 1 10`; do echo reading: $i; sudo dd if=/dev/mmcblk0 of=/dev/null bs=4M; done | for i in `seq 1 10`; do echo reading: $i; sudo dd if=/dev/mmcblk0 of=/dev/null bs=4M; done | ||
− | #Writes 512 MB test file, | + | #Writes 512 MB test file, 10x. |
for i in `seq 1 10`; do echo writing: $i; dd if=/dev/zero of=deleteme.dat bs=1M count=512; sync; done | for i in `seq 1 10`; do echo writing: $i; dd if=/dev/zero of=deleteme.dat bs=1M count=512; sync; done | ||
Line 563: | Line 569: | ||
echo "Not crashed yet, probably stable." | echo "Not crashed yet, probably stable." | ||
+ | |||
+ | =See also= | ||
+ | [[RPi_cmdline.txt]] | ||
=References= | =References= |
Revision as of 10:10, 17 October 2014
As the Raspberry Pi doesn't have a conventional BIOS, the various system configuration parameters that would normally be kept and set using the BIOS are now stored in a text file named "config.txt".
The Raspberry Pi config.txt file is read by the GPU before the ARM core is initialised.
This file is an optional file on the boot partition. It would normally be accessible as /boot/config.txt from Linux, but from Windows (or OS X) it would be seen as a file in the accessible part of the card.
To edit the configuration file, see the instructions at R-Pi_ConfigurationFile.
You can get your current active settings with the following commands:
vcgencmd get_config <config> - lists a specific config value. E.g. vcgencmd get_config arm_freq vcgencmd get_config int - lists all the integer config options that are set (non-zero) vcgencmd get_config str - lists all the string config options that are set (non-null)
Contents
File format
The format is "property=value" where value is an integer. You may specify only one option per line. Comments may be added by starting a line with the '#' character.
Note: In the newer Raspberry Pi models there is # before every line, if you want changes to have an affect then 'uncomment' meaning remove the #.
Here is an example file
# Set sdtv mode to PAL (as used in Europe) sdtv_mode=2 # Force the monitor to HDMI mode so that sound will be sent over HDMI cable hdmi_drive=2 # Set monitor mode to DMT hdmi_group=2 # Set monitor resolution to 1024x768 XGA 60 Hz (HDMI_DMT_XGA_60) hdmi_mode=16 # Make display smaller to stop text spilling off the screen overscan_left=20 overscan_right=12 overscan_top=10 overscan_bottom=10
And here is another example file, containing extended documentation of features.
Memory
disable_l2cache disable ARM access to GPU's L2 cache. Needs corresponding L2 disabled kernel. Default 0
gpu_mem GPU memory in megabyte. Sets the memory split between the ARM and GPU. ARM gets the remaining memory. Min 16. Default 64
gpu_mem_256 GPU memory in megabyte for the 256 MB Raspberry Pi. Ignored by the 512 MB RP. Overrides gpu_mem. Max 192. Default not set
gpu_mem_512 GPU memory in megabyte for the 512 MB Raspberry Pi. Ignored by the 256 MB RP. Overrides gpu_mem. Max 448. Default not set
disable_pvt Disable adjusting the refresh rate of RAM every 500 ms (measuring RAM temperature).
CMA - dynamic memory split
The firmware and kernel as of 19. November 2012 supports CMA, which means the memory split between ARM and GPU is managed dynamically at runtime. You can find an example config.txt here.
cma_lwm When GPU has less than cma_lwm (low water mark) memory available it will request some from ARM.
cma_hwm When GPU has more than cma_hwm (high water mark) memory available it will release some to ARM.
The following options need to be in cmdline.txt for CMA to work:
coherent_pool=6M smsc95xx.turbo_mode=N
Note: As per https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/issues/503 popcornmix states that CMA is not officially supported.
Camera
disable_camera_led Turn off the red camera LED when recording video or taking a still picture
disable_camera_led=1
gpu_mem minimum GPU memory for camera use
gpu_mem=128
Video
Video mode options
sdtv_mode defines the TV standard for composite output (default=0)
sdtv_mode=0 Normal NTSC sdtv_mode=1 Japanese version of NTSC – no pedestal sdtv_mode=2 Normal PAL sdtv_mode=3 Brazilian version of PAL – 525/60 rather than 625/50, different subcarrier
sdtv_aspect defines the aspect ratio for composite output (default=1)
sdtv_aspect=1 4:3 sdtv_aspect=2 14:9 sdtv_aspect=3 16:9
sdtv_disable_colourburst disables colour burst on composite output. The picture will be monochrome, but possibly sharper
sdtv_disable_colourburst=1 colour burst is disabled
hdmi_safe Use "safe mode" settings to try to boot with maximum hdmi compatibility. This is the same as the combination of: hdmi_force_hotplug=1, hdmi_ignore_edid=0xa5000080, config_hdmi_boost=4, hdmi_group=2, hdmi_mode=4, disable_overscan=0, overscan_left=24, overscan_right=24, overscan_top=24, overscan_bottom=24
hdmi_safe=1
hdmi_ignore_edid Enables the ignoring of EDID/display data if your display doesn't have an accurate EDID.
hdmi_ignore_edid=0xa5000080
hdmi_edid_file when set to 1, will read the edid data from the edid.dat file instead of from the monitor.[1]
hdmi_edid_file=1
hdmi_force_edid_audio Pretends all audio formats are supported by display, allowing passthrough of DTS/AC3 even when not reported as supported.
hdmi_force_edid_audio=1
hdmi_ignore_edid_audio Pretends all audio formats are unsupported by display. This means ALSA will default to analogue.
hdmi_ignore_edid_audio=1
hdmi_force_edid_3d Pretends all CEA modes support 3D even when edid doesn't indicate support for them.
hdmi_force_edid_3d=1
avoid_edid_fuzzy_match Avoid fuzzy matching of modes described in edid. Picks the standard mode with matching resolution and closest framerate even if blanking is wrong.
avoid_edid_fuzzy_match=1
hdmi_ignore_cec_init Doesn't sent initial active source message. Avoids bringing (CEC enabled) TV out of standby and channel switch when rebooting.
hdmi_ignore_cec_init=1
hdmi_ignore_cec Pretends CEC is not supported at all by TV. No CEC functions will be supported.
hdmi_ignore_cec=1
hdmi_force_hotplug Pretends HDMI hotplug signal is asserted so it appears a HDMI display is attached
hdmi_force_hotplug=1 Use HDMI mode even if no HDMI monitor is detected
hdmi_ignore_hotplug Pretends HDMI hotplug signal is not asserted so it appears a HDMI display is not attached
hdmi_ignore_hotplug=1 Use composite mode even if HDMI monitor is detected
hdmi_pixel_encoding Force the pixel encoding mode. By default it will use the mode requested from edid so shouldn't need changing.
hdmi_pixel_encoding=0 default (limited for CEA, full for DMT) hdmi_pixel_encoding=1 RGB limited (16-235) hdmi_pixel_encoding=2 RGB full ( 0-255) hdmi_pixel_encoding=3 YCbCr limited (16-235) hdmi_pixel_encoding=4 YCbCr limited ( 0-255)
hdmi_drive chooses between HDMI and DVI modes
hdmi_drive=1 Normal DVI mode (No sound) hdmi_drive=2 Normal HDMI mode (Sound will be sent if supported and enabled)
hdmi_group defines the HDMI type
Not specifying the group, or setting to 0 will use the preferred group reported by the edid.
hdmi_group=1 CEA hdmi_group=2 DMT
hdmi_mode defines screen resolution in CEA or DMT format (for other modes not listed here have a look at this thread)
These values are valid if hdmi_group=1 (CEA) hdmi_mode=1 VGA hdmi_mode=2 480p 60 Hz hdmi_mode=3 480p 60 Hz H hdmi_mode=4 720p 60 Hz hdmi_mode=5 1080i 60 Hz hdmi_mode=6 480i 60 Hz hdmi_mode=7 480i 60 Hz H hdmi_mode=8 240p 60 Hz hdmi_mode=9 240p 60 Hz H hdmi_mode=10 480i 60 Hz 4x hdmi_mode=11 480i 60 Hz 4x H hdmi_mode=12 240p 60 Hz 4x hdmi_mode=13 240p 60 Hz 4x H hdmi_mode=14 480p 60 Hz 2x hdmi_mode=15 480p 60 Hz 2x H hdmi_mode=16 1080p 60 Hz hdmi_mode=17 576p 50 Hz hdmi_mode=18 576p 50 Hz H hdmi_mode=19 720p 50 Hz hdmi_mode=20 1080i 50 Hz hdmi_mode=21 576i 50 Hz hdmi_mode=22 576i 50 Hz H hdmi_mode=23 288p 50 Hz hdmi_mode=24 288p 50 Hz H hdmi_mode=25 576i 50 Hz 4x hdmi_mode=26 576i 50 Hz 4x H hdmi_mode=27 288p 50 Hz 4x hdmi_mode=28 288p 50 Hz 4x H hdmi_mode=29 576p 50 Hz 2x hdmi_mode=30 576p 50 Hz 2x H hdmi_mode=31 1080p 50 Hz hdmi_mode=32 1080p 24 Hz hdmi_mode=33 1080p 25 Hz hdmi_mode=34 1080p 30 Hz hdmi_mode=35 480p 60 Hz 4x hdmi_mode=36 480p 60 Hz 4xH hdmi_mode=37 576p 50 Hz 4x hdmi_mode=38 576p 50 Hz 4x H hdmi_mode=39 1080i 50 Hz reduced blanking hdmi_mode=40 1080i 100 Hz hdmi_mode=41 720p 100 Hz hdmi_mode=42 576p 100 Hz hdmi_mode=43 576p 100 Hz H hdmi_mode=44 576i 100 Hz hdmi_mode=45 576i 100 Hz H hdmi_mode=46 1080i 120 Hz hdmi_mode=47 720p 120 Hz hdmi_mode=48 480p 120 Hz hdmi_mode=49 480p 120 Hz H hdmi_mode=50 480i 120 Hz hdmi_mode=51 480i 120 Hz H hdmi_mode=52 576p 200 Hz hdmi_mode=53 576p 200 Hz H hdmi_mode=54 576i 200 Hz hdmi_mode=55 576i 200 Hz H hdmi_mode=56 480p 240 Hz hdmi_mode=57 480p 240 Hz H hdmi_mode=58 480i 240 Hz hdmi_mode=59 480i 240 Hz H H means 16:9 variant (of a normally 4:3 mode). 2x means pixel doubled (that is, higher clock rate, with each pixel repeated twice) 4x means pixel quadrupled (that is, higher clock rate, with each pixel repeated four times)
These values are valid if hdmi_group=2 (DMT) Note: according to http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=26&t=20155&p=195417&hilit=2560x1600#p195443 there is a pixel clock limit which means the highest supported mode is 1920x1200 @60 Hz with reduced blanking. hdmi_mode=1 640x350 85 Hz hdmi_mode=2 640x400 85 Hz hdmi_mode=3 720x400 85 Hz hdmi_mode=4 640x480 60 Hz hdmi_mode=5 640x480 72 Hz hdmi_mode=6 640x480 75 Hz hdmi_mode=7 640x480 85 Hz hdmi_mode=8 800x600 56 Hz hdmi_mode=9 800x600 60 Hz hdmi_mode=10 800x600 72 Hz hdmi_mode=11 800x600 75 Hz hdmi_mode=12 800x600 85 Hz hdmi_mode=13 800x600 120 Hz hdmi_mode=14 848x480 60 Hz hdmi_mode=15 1024x768 43 Hz DO NOT USE hdmi_mode=16 1024x768 60 Hz hdmi_mode=17 1024x768 70 Hz hdmi_mode=18 1024x768 75 Hz hdmi_mode=19 1024x768 85 Hz hdmi_mode=20 1024x768 120 Hz hdmi_mode=21 1152x864 75 Hz hdmi_mode=22 1280x768 Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=23 1280x768 60 Hz hdmi_mode=24 1280x768 75 Hz hdmi_mode=25 1280x768 85 Hz hdmi_mode=26 1280x768 120 Hz Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=27 1280x800 Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=28 1280x800 60 Hz hdmi_mode=29 1280x800 75 Hz hdmi_mode=30 1280x800 85 Hz hdmi_mode=31 1280x800 120 Hz Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=32 1280x960 60 Hz hdmi_mode=33 1280x960 85 Hz hdmi_mode=34 1280x960 120 Hz Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=35 1280x1024 60 Hz hdmi_mode=36 1280x1024 75 Hz hdmi_mode=37 1280x1024 85 Hz hdmi_mode=38 1280x1024 120 Hz Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=39 1360x768 60 Hz hdmi_mode=40 1360x768 120 Hz Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=41 1400x1050 Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=42 1400x1050 60 Hz hdmi_mode=43 1400x1050 75 Hz hdmi_mode=44 1400x1050 85 Hz hdmi_mode=45 1400x1050 120 Hz Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=46 1440x900 Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=47 1440x900 60 Hz hdmi_mode=48 1440x900 75 Hz hdmi_mode=49 1440x900 85 Hz hdmi_mode=50 1440x900 120 Hz Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=51 1600x1200 60 Hz hdmi_mode=52 1600x1200 65 Hz hdmi_mode=53 1600x1200 70 Hz hdmi_mode=54 1600x1200 75 Hz hdmi_mode=55 1600x1200 85 Hz hdmi_mode=56 1600x1200 120 Hz Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=57 1680x1050 Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=58 1680x1050 60 Hz hdmi_mode=59 1680x1050 75 Hz hdmi_mode=60 1680x1050 85 Hz hdmi_mode=61 1680x1050 120 Hz Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=62 1792x1344 60 Hz hdmi_mode=63 1792x1344 75 Hz hdmi_mode=64 1792x1344 120 Hz Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=65 1856x1392 60 Hz hdmi_mode=66 1856x1392 75 Hz hdmi_mode=67 1856x1392 120 Hz Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=68 1920x1200 Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=69 1920x1200 60 Hz hdmi_mode=70 1920x1200 75 Hz hdmi_mode=71 1920x1200 85 Hz hdmi_mode=72 1920x1200 120 Hz Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=73 1920x1440 60 Hz hdmi_mode=74 1920x1440 75 Hz hdmi_mode=75 1920x1440 120 Hz Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=76 2560x1600 Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=77 2560x1600 60 Hz hdmi_mode=78 2560x1600 75 Hz hdmi_mode=79 2560x1600 85 Hz hdmi_mode=80 2560x1600 120 Hz Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=81 1366x768 60 Hz hdmi_mode=82 1080p 60 Hz hdmi_mode=83 1600x900 Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=84 2048x1152 Reduced blanking hdmi_mode=85 720p 60 Hz hdmi_mode=86 1366x768 Reduced blanking
overscan_left number of pixels to skip on left
overscan_right number of pixels to skip on right
overscan_top number of pixels to skip on top
overscan_bottom number of pixels to skip on bottom
framebuffer_width console framebuffer width in pixels. Default is display width minus overscan.
framebuffer_height console framebuffer height in pixels. Default is display height minus overscan.
framebuffer_depth console framebuffer depth in bits per pixel. Default is 16. 8 bit is valid, but default RGB palette makes an unreadable screen. 24 bit looks better but has corruption issues as of 20120615. 32 bit has no corruption issues but needs framebuffer_ignore_alpha=1 and shows the wrong colors as of 20120615.
framebuffer_ignore_alpha set to 1 to disable alpha channel. Helps with 32 bit.
test_mode enable test sound/image during boot for manufacturing test.
disable_overscan set to 1 to disable overscan.
config_hdmi_boost configure the signal strength of the HDMI interface. Default is 0. Try 4 if you have interference issues with hdmi. 7 is the maximum.
display_rotate rotates the display clockwise on the screen (default=0) or flips the display.
display_rotate=0 Normal display_rotate=1 90 degrees display_rotate=2 180 degrees display_rotate=3 270 degrees display_rotate=0x10000 horizontal flip display_rotate=0x20000 vertical flip
Note: the 90 and 270 degrees rotation options require additional memory on GPU, so won't work with the 16M GPU split. Probably the reason for:
- Crashes my Raspberry Pi before Linux boots if set to "1" -- REW 20120913.
overscan_scale is mentioned in [1], [2] and [3] as a feature in new firmware (Aug 2012 and later).
- overscan_scale=1 caused the output of openFrameworks to respect the overscan_left, overscan_right, top and bottom settings with the use of a LCD display connected via composite.
Which values are valid for my monitor?
Your HDMI monitor may support only a limited set of formats. To find out which formats are supported, use the following method.
- Set the output format to VGA 60 Hz (hdmi_group=1 hdmi_mode=1) and boot up the Raspberry Pi
- Enter the following command to give a list of CEA supported modes
/opt/vc/bin/tvservice -m CEA
- Enter the following command to give a list of DMT supported modes
/opt/vc/bin/tvservice -m DMT
- Enter the following command to show your current state
/opt/vc/bin/tvservice -s
- Enter the following commands to dump more detailed information from your monitor
/opt/vc/bin/tvservice -d edid.dat /opt/vc/bin/edidparser edid.dat
The edid.dat should also be provided when troubleshooting problems with the default HDMI mode
Licensed Codecs
Hardware decoding of additional codecs can be enabled by purchasing a license that is locked to the CPU serial number of your Raspberry Pi.
You need to have at least assigned 32 megabytes to the GPU to enable the codecs.
decode_MPG2 License key to allow hardware MPEG-2 decoding.
decode_MPG2=0x12345678
decode_WVC1 License key to allow hardware VC-1 decoding.
decode_WVC1=0x12345678
License setup for SD card sharing between multiple Raspberry Pis. Maximum of 8 licenses at once.
decode_XXXX=0x12345678,0xabcdabcd,0x87654321,...
Boot
disable_commandline_tags stop start.elf from filling in ATAGS (memory from 0x100) before launching kernel
cmdline (string) command line parameters. Can be used instead of cmdline.txt file
kernel (string) alternative name to use when loading kernel. Default "kernel.img"
kernel_address address to load kernel.img file at
kernel_old (bool) if 1, load kernel at 0x0
ramfsfile (string) ramfs file to load
ramfsaddr address to load ramfs file at
initramfs (string address) ramfs file and address to load it at (it's like ramfsfile+ramfsaddr in one option). NOTE: this option uses different syntax than all other options - you should not use "=" character here. Example:
initramfs initramf.gz 0x00800000
device_tree_address address to load device_tree at
init_uart_baud initial UART baud rate. Default 115200
init_uart_clock initial UART clock. Default 3000000 (3 MHz)
init_emmc_clock initial eMMC clock. Default 100000000 (100 MHz)
boot_delay wait for given number of seconds in start.elf before loading kernel. delay = 1000 * boot_delay + boot_delay_ms. Default 1
boot_delay_ms wait for given number of milliseconds in start.elf before loading kernel. Default 0
avoid_safe_mode if set to 1, safe_mode boot won't be enabled. Default 0
disable_splash if set to 1, avoids the rainbow splash screen on boot
Overclocking
NOTE: Setting parameters other than that available by 'raspi-config' will set a permanent bit within the SoC, making it possibly to detect that you Raspberry Pi has been overclocked. This was meant to void warranty if the device has been overclocked. Since 19th of September 2012 you can overclock your Raspberry Pi without affecting your warranty[2]
The latest kernel has a cpufreq kernel driver with the "ondemand" governor enabled by default. It has no effect if you have no overclock settings. But when you do, the arm frequency will vary with processor load. Non default values are only used when needed according to the used governor. You can adjust the minimum values with the *_min config options or disable dynamic clocking with force_turbo=1. [3]
Overclock and overvoltage will be disabled at runtime when the SoC reaches 85 °C to cool it down. You should not hit the limit, even with maximum settings at 25 °C ambient temperature. [4]
Overclocking options
Option | Description |
---|---|
arm_freq | Frequency of ARM in MHz. Default 700 |
gpu_freq | Sets core_freq, h264_freq, isp_freq, v3d_freq together. Default 250 |
core_freq | Frequency of GPU processor core in MHz. It has an impact on ARM performance since it drives L2 cache. Default 250 |
h264_freq | Frequency of hardware video block in MHz. Default 250 |
isp_freq | Frequency of image sensor pipeline block in MHz. Default 250 |
v3d_freq | Frequency of 3D block in MHz. Default 250 |
avoid_pwm_pll | Don't dedicate a pll to PWM audio. This will reduce analogue audio quality slightly. The spare PLL allows the core_freq to be set independently from the rest of the gpu allowing more control over overclocking. Default 0 |
sdram_freq | Frequency of SDRAM in MHz. Default 400 |
over_voltage | ARM/GPU core voltage adjust. [-16,8] equates to [0.8 V,1.4 V] with 0.025 V steps. [5] Default is 0 (1.2 V). Values above 6 are only allowed when force_turbo or current_limit_override are specified (which set the warranty bit). |
over_voltage_sdram | Sets over_voltage_sdram_c, over_voltage_sdram_i, over_voltage_sdram_p together |
over_voltage_sdram_c | SDRAM controller voltage adjust. [-16,8] equates to [0.8 V,1.4 V] with 0.025 V steps. Default 0 (1.2 V) [5] |
over_voltage_sdram_i | SDRAM I/O voltage adjust. [-16,8] equates to [0.8 V,1.4 V] with 0.025 V steps. Default 0 (1.2 V)[5] |
over_voltage_sdram_p | SDRAM phy voltage adjust. [-16,8] equates to [0.8 V,1.4 V] with 0.025 V steps. Default 0 (1.2 V)[5] |
force_turbo | Disables dynamic cpufreq driver and minimum settings below. Enables H.264/V3D/ISP overclock options. Default 0. May set warranty bit. |
initial_turbo | Enables turbo mode from boot for the given value in seconds (up to 60) or until cpufreq sets a frequency. Default 0 [6] |
arm_freq_min | Minimum value of arm_freq used for dynamic clocking. Default 700 |
core_freq_min | Minimum value of core_freq used for dynamic clocking. Default 250 |
sdram_freq_min | Minimum value of sdram_freq used for dynamic clocking. Default 400 |
over_voltage_min | Minimum value of over_voltage used for dynamic clocking. Default 0 |
temp_limit | Overheat protection. Sets clocks and voltages to default when the SoC reaches this Celsius value. Setting this higher than default voids warranty. Default 85 |
current_limit_override | This is enabled by default.[7] |
force_turbo mode
force_turbo=0
enables dynamic clocks and voltage for the ARM core, GPU core and SDRAM. When busy, ARM frequency go up to "arm_freq" and down to "arm_freq_min" on idle. "core_freq", "sdram_freq" and "over_voltage" behave the same. "over_voltage" is limited to 6 (1.35 V). Non default values for the H.264/V3D/ISP parts are ignored.
force_turbo=1
disables dynamic clocking, so all frequencies and voltages stay high. Overclocking of H.264/V3D/ISP GPU parts is allowed as well as setting "over_voltage" to 8 (1.4 V). [8]
Clocks relationship
The GPU core, H.264, V3D and ISP share a PLL, therefore need to have related frequencies. ARM, SDRAM and GPU each have their own PLLs and can have unrelated frequencies.[9]
The following is not necessary with "avoid_pwm_pll=1".
pll_freq = floor(2400 / (2 * core_freq)) * (2 * core_freq) gpu_freq = pll_freq / [even number]
The effective gpu_freq is automatically rounded to nearest even integer, so asking for core_freq=500 and gpu_freq=300 will result in divisor of 2000/300 = 6.666 => 6 and so 333.33 MHz.
Tested values
The following table shows some successful attempts at overclocking, which can be used for orientation. These settings may not work on every device and can shorten the lifetime of the Broadcom SoC.
arm_freq | gpu_freq | core_freq | h264_freq | isp_freq | v3d_freq | sdram_freq | over_voltage | over_voltage_sdram |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
800 | ||||||||
900 | 275 | 500 | ||||||
900 | 450 | 450 | ||||||
930 | 350 | 500 | ||||||
1000 | 500 | 500 | 6 | |||||
1050 | 6 | |||||||
1150 | 500 | 600 | 8 |
There are reports that Hynix RAM is not as good as Samsung RAM for overclocking.
SD card usage with overclocking
SD card setup redirect: http://elinux.org/RPi_Easy_SD_Card_Setup
Stability of SD card operations when using overclocking is independent of:
- Filesystem type, ext4, NTFS or other.
- SD card vendor.
- The Raspberry Pi model.
- SD card size - verified for 16 GB and up.
What does matter is when you under-power your Raspberry Pi (that is, less than the Raspberry Pi base setup specifications!).
There initially was an increased likelihood of SD card corruption when using overclocking. This is no longer an issue (with firmware from Nov 11 2013 or later).
Monitoring temperature and voltage
To monitor the Raspberry Pi's temperature, look at: /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp
To monitor the Raspberry Pi's current frequency, look at: /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq
To monitor the Raspberry Pi's PSU voltage, you'll need a multimeter, across the power supply test points, or the expansion header.
It's generally a good idea to keep the core temp below 70 degrees, and the voltage above 4.8 V. (Note that some, not necessarily cheap, USB power supplies fall as low as 4.2 V, this is because they are usually designed to charge a 3.7 V lithium polymer battery, rather than to supply a solid 5 V to a computer). Also, a heatsink can be helpful, especially if the Raspberry Pi is to be run inside a case. A suitable heatsink is the self-adhesive BGA (ball-grid-array) 14x14x10 mm heatsink, part 674-4756 from RS Components.
Overclock stability test
Most overclocking issues show up right away with a failure to boot, but it is possible to get filesystem corruption that arises over time. Here is a script to stress-test the stability of the system, specifically the SD card. If this script runs to completion, without any errors showing in dmesg
, then the Raspberry Pi is probably stable with these settings.
If the system does crash, then hold down the shift key during boot, which will temporarily disable all overclocking. Also, note that SD card issues are usually affected by the core_freq, rather than the arm_freq, and that there is a surprisingly big jump in this (from 250 MHz to 500 MHz) between the High speed (950 MHz) and Turbo (1 GHz) presets in raspi-config.
#!/bin/bash #Simple stress test for system. If it survives this, it's probably stable. #Free software, GPL2+ echo "Testing overclock stability..." #Max out the CPU in the background (one core). Heats it up, loads the power-supply. nice yes >/dev/null & #Read the entire SD card 10x. Tests RAM and I/O for i in `seq 1 10`; do echo reading: $i; sudo dd if=/dev/mmcblk0 of=/dev/null bs=4M; done #Writes 512 MB test file, 10x. for i in `seq 1 10`; do echo writing: $i; dd if=/dev/zero of=deleteme.dat bs=1M count=512; sync; done #Clean up killall yes rm deleteme.dat #Print summary. Anything nasty will appear in dmesg. echo -n "CPU freq: " ; cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq echo -n "CPU temp: " ; cat /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp dmesg | tail echo "Not crashed yet, probably stable."
See also
References
- ↑ http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?p=173430#p173430
- ↑ Introducing turbo mode: up to 50% more performance for free
- ↑ http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?p=169726#p169726
- ↑ http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=11579#p169872
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 What this means is that you can specify -16 and get 0.8 V as the GPU/core voltage, and specify 8 and get 1.4 V
- ↑ http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=6201&start=425#p180099
- ↑ http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=6201&start=325#p170793
- ↑ http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=6201&sid=852d546291ae711ffcd8bf23d3214581&start=325#p170793
- ↑ http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=6201&start=275#p168042
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