Difference between revisions of "Rpi Camera Module"

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(Changing the ribbon cable)
(Technical Parameters)
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==Technical Parameters==
 
==Technical Parameters==
  Sensor size: 3.67 x 2.74 mm
+
* Sensor size: 3.67 x 2.74 mm
  Pixel Count: 2592 x 1944
+
* Pixel Count: 2592 x 1944
  Pixel Size: 1.4 x 1.4 um
+
* Pixel Size: 1.4 x 1.4 um
  Lens: f=3.6 mm, f/2.0
+
* Lens: f=3.6 mm, f/2.0
  Angle of View:  54° 1' x 41° 40'  (65 degrees diagonal)
+
* Angle of View:  54° 1' x 41° 40'  (65 degrees diagonal)
  Field of View @ 2m: 2.0 x 1.33 m (2.4 m diagonal)
+
* Field of View @ 2m: 2.0 x 1.33 m (2.4 m diagonal)
  Full-frame SLR lens equivalent: 35 mm
+
* Full-frame SLR lens equivalent: 35 mm
  Near Focus:  
+
* Near Focus: 1.8 m (3 um CoC, blur=2 pixels); 1 m (6 um CoC, blur=4 pixels)
    1.8 meters for 3 um Circle of Confusion (2 pixels)
 
    1 meter for 6 um Circle of Confusion (4 pixels)
 
  
 
Because the focal length of the lens is very nearly the same as the width of the sensor, that means the field of view is easy to remember: at ''x'' meters away, you can also see ''x'' meters horizontally, assuming 4x3 stills mode. Horizontal field of view is 75% of that in 1080p video mode (1:1 sensor pixels with 1920x1080 video mode).
 
Because the focal length of the lens is very nearly the same as the width of the sensor, that means the field of view is easy to remember: at ''x'' meters away, you can also see ''x'' meters horizontally, assuming 4x3 stills mode. Horizontal field of view is 75% of that in 1080p video mode (1:1 sensor pixels with 1920x1080 video mode).

Revision as of 12:29, 28 May 2013


RaspPi.png Back to the Hub


Hardware & Peripherals:

Hardware - detailed information about the Raspberry Pi boards.

Hardware History - guide to the Raspberry Pi models.

Low-level Peripherals - using the GPIO and other connectors.

Expansion Boards - GPIO plug-in boards providing additional functionality.

Screens - attaching a screen to the Raspberry Pi.

Cases - lots of nice cases to protect the Raspberry Pi.

Other Peripherals - all sorts of peripherals used with the Raspberry Pi.


Introduction

The Raspberry Pi Camera board was released for sale on 14th May 2013. The initial production of 10k units[1] sold out quickly. The camera contains a 5 MPixel sensor and connects via a ribbon cable to the CSI connector on the board.

Technical Parameters

  • Sensor size: 3.67 x 2.74 mm
  • Pixel Count: 2592 x 1944
  • Pixel Size: 1.4 x 1.4 um
  • Lens: f=3.6 mm, f/2.0
  • Angle of View: 54° 1' x 41° 40' (65 degrees diagonal)
  • Field of View @ 2m: 2.0 x 1.33 m (2.4 m diagonal)
  • Full-frame SLR lens equivalent: 35 mm
  • Near Focus: 1.8 m (3 um CoC, blur=2 pixels); 1 m (6 um CoC, blur=4 pixels)

Because the focal length of the lens is very nearly the same as the width of the sensor, that means the field of view is easy to remember: at x meters away, you can also see x meters horizontally, assuming 4x3 stills mode. Horizontal field of view is 75% of that in 1080p video mode (1:1 sensor pixels with 1920x1080 video mode).

Data References: field & angle calculators[1] sensor info[2] focal length measurement[3] f-stop measurement[4]

Sample Programs

Sample programs using the camera for taking stills and video have been developed for the Foundation and the source for these is available on github.

Forum user M1M1 published instructions on compiling the sample programs here

The command line parameters for the programs are as follows:

RaspiVid Camera App   
===================  
  
Display camera output to display, and optionally saves an H264 capture at requested bitrate   
  
  
usage:  RaspiVid [options]   
  
Image  parameter commands   
  
‐?,  ‐‐ help      :  This  help  information   
‐w,  ‐‐ width     :  Set image  width <size>.  Default  1920  
‐h,  ‐‐ height    :  Set image  height  <size>.  Default  1080  
‐b,  ‐‐ bitrate   :  Set bitrate. Use bits per second  (e.g.   10MBits/ s would be ‐ b 10000000)  
‐o,  ‐‐ output    :  Output  filename  <filename>  (to write to  stdout,  use '‐o  ‐ ')   
‐v,  ‐‐ verbose   :  Output   verbose information  during  run   
‐t,  ‐‐ timeout   :  Time (in ms) before  takes picture  and  shuts down.   If  not specified,  set to  5s   
‐d,  ‐‐ demo      :  Run  a  demo mode (cycl e  through range of  camera options, no capture)   
‐fps,  ‐‐ framerate        :  Specify  the  frames  per second  to  record   
‐e,  ‐‐ penc      :  Display  preview image  *after*  encoding  (shows  compression artifacts)   
  
Preview parameter commands   
  
‐p,  ‐‐ preview   :  Preview window settings <'x,y,w,h'>  
‐f,  ‐‐ fullscreen:  Fullscreen preview mode  
‐n,  ‐‐ nopreview :  Do not  display  a  preview window  
  
Image  parameter commands   
  
‐sh, ‐‐ sharpness :  Set image  sharpness ( ‐100  to  100)   
‐co, ‐‐ contrast  :  Set image  contrast ( ‐100  to  100)   
‐br, ‐‐ brightness:  Set image  brightness (0  to   100)   
‐sa, ‐‐ saturation:  Set image  saturation ( ‐100  to  100)   
‐ISO,  ‐‐ ISO     :  Set capture ISO   
‐vs, ‐‐ vstab     :  Turn  on  video stablisation   
‐ev, ‐‐ ev        :  Set EV com pensation  
‐ex, ‐‐ exposure  :  Set exposure  mode (see  Notes)   
‐awb,  ‐‐ awb     :  Set AWB mode (see  Notes)   
‐ifx, ‐‐ imxfx    :  Set image  effect (see  Notes)   
‐cfx, ‐‐ colfx    :  Set colour  effect (U:V)  
‐mm,  ‐‐ metering :  Set metering  mode (see  Notes)   
‐rot,  ‐‐ rotation:  Set image  rotation (0 ‐359)   
‐hf, ‐‐ hflip     :  Set horizontal flip  
‐vf, ‐‐ vflip     :  Set vertical  flip  
  
  
Notes  
  
Exposure  mode options  :   
off,auto,night,nightpreview,backlight,spotlight,sports,snow,beach,verylong,fixedfps,antishake,fireworks   
  
AWB mode options :   
off,auto,sun,cloud,shade,tungsten,fluorescent,incandescent,flash,horizon   
  
Image  Effect mode options :   
none,negative,solarise,sketch,denoise,emboss,oilpaint,h atch,gpen,pastel,watercolour,film,blur,saturation,colourswap,washedout,posterise,colourpoint,colourbalance,cartoon  
  
Metering Mode options  :   
average,spot,backlit,matrix 
 
RaspiStill Camera App  
===================== 
 
Runs camera for specific time, and take JPG capture at end if requested 
 
usage:  RaspiStill  [options]  
 
Image  parameter commands  
 
‐?,  ‐‐ help      :  This  help  information  
‐w,  ‐‐ width     :  Set image  width <size>  
‐h,  ‐‐ height    :  Set image  height  <size>  
‐q,  ‐‐ quality   :  Set jpeg  quality  <0 to  100> 
‐r,  ‐‐ raw       :  Add  raw  bayer data  to  jpeg  metadata 
‐o,  ‐‐ output    :  Output  filename  <filename>  (to write to  stdout,  use '‐o  ‐ ').  If  not specified,  no file is  saved 
‐v,  ‐‐ verbose   :  Output   verbose information  during  run  
‐t,  ‐‐ timeout   :  Time (in ms) before  takes picture  and  shuts down (if  not specified,  set to  5s) 
‐th, ‐‐ thumb     :  Set thumbnail parameters  (x:y:quality)  
‐d,  ‐‐ demo      :  Run  a  demo mode (cycle  through range of  camera options, no capture)  
‐e,  ‐‐ encoding  :  Encoding  to  use for output  file (jpg,  bmp, gif, png)  
‐x,  ‐‐ exif      :  EXIF  tag to   apply to  captures  (forma t as  'key=value')  
‐tl,  ‐‐ timelapse:   Timelapse mode. Takes a  picture  every <t>ms  
 
Preview parameter commands  
 
‐p,  ‐‐ preview   :  Preview window settings <'x,y,w,h'> 
‐f,  ‐‐ fullscreen:  Fullscreen preview mode 
‐n,  ‐‐ nopreview :  Do not  display  a  preview window 
 
Image  parameter commands  
 
‐sh, ‐‐ sharpness :  Set image  sharpness ( ‐100  to  100)  
‐co, ‐‐ contrast  :  Set imag e  contrast ( ‐100  to  100)  
‐br, ‐‐ brightness:  Set image  brightness (0  to   100)  
‐sa, ‐‐ saturation:  Set image  saturation ( ‐100  to  100)  
‐ISO,  ‐‐ ISO     :  Set capture ISO  
‐vs, ‐‐ vstab     :  Turn  on  video stablisation  
‐ev, ‐‐ ev        :  Set EV com pensation 
‐ex, ‐‐ exposure  :  Set exposure  mode (see  Notes)  
‐awb,  ‐‐ awb     :  Set AWB mode (see  Notes)  
‐ifx, ‐‐ imxfx    :  Set image  effect (see  Notes)  
‐cfx, ‐‐ colfx    :  Set colour  effect (U:V) 
‐mm,  ‐‐ metering :  Set metering mode (see  Notes)  
‐rot,  ‐‐ rotation:  Set image  rotation (0 ‐359)  
‐hf, ‐‐ hflip     :  Set horizontal flip 
‐vf, ‐‐ vflip     :  Set vertical  flip 
 
 
Notes 
 
Exposure  mode options  :  
off,auto,night,nightpreview,backlight,spotlight,sports,snow,beach,verylong,fixedfps,antishake,fireworks  
 
AWB mode options :  
off,auto,sun,cloud,shade,tungsten,fluorescent,incandescent,flash,horizon  
 
Image  Effect mode options :  
none,negative,solarise,sketch,denoise,emboss,oilpaint,h atch,gpen,pastel,watercolour,film,blur,saturation,colourswap,washedout,posterise,colourpoint,colourbalance,cartoon 
 
Metering Mode options  :  
average,spot,backlit,matrix 

Known Issues

  • Still captures did not use the full sensor, until the firmware update on 24 May 2013.
  • Images were 'flipped' (mirror image) by default, until the firmware update on 24 May 2013. (-hf and -vf options provide horizontal and vertical flips)
  • The -? (--help) did not work, until update on 24 May 2013.
  • The -n (--nopreview) command-line options currently don't work, but should be fixed in a future release of the camera apps. Try -p '0,0,0,0' as a workaround while -n doesn't work.
  • Correct EXIF data (including user supplied tags) are not being written to the output files.

This forum post summarizes the issues as at 24th May 2013

Troubleshooting

Colored Banding or Flickering on video: this can be caused by a poor power supply, or bad power cable. Several people have fixed this by replacing the power supply, or the microUSB power cable.[2][3]

Camera not working at all: Make sure the flex cable is inserted the correct way on both ends, and each connector has the locking tab engaged. The RPi + camera draws about 260 mA more current when recording video, than without the camera. The Model B is about 550 mA by itself, so camera use pushes it over 800 mA. Some power supplies, cables, and polyfuses may not maintain 5V onboard at this current load well enough for reliable operation. You can check this with a voltmeter across TP1 and TP2.[4][5]

In some cases, the micro-connector from the camera module to the camera board PCB has been loose, causing mis-operation. This has been fixed by removing and re-seating the small (tiny!) yellow flex cable connector labelled "P5V04A SUNNY" on the camera board.[6]

Customizing

Changing the ribbon cable

The ribbon cable that connects the camera board to the Pi is 15-core 1mm pitch ribbon cable. In the UK they can be sourced from http://www.toby.co.uk/content/catalogue/products.aspx?series=FFCx-xx-A-xx-xx where the required type is FFC1-15-B150105160MM[7]. Other suppliers have been noted on eBay.

The Foundation has noted that the camera only passed EMI emissions testing with ribbon cable lengths of 15cm, although longer cables may also work.[8]

Macro lenses

References