Difference between revisions of "Userspace Arduino"

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this page is to document some research on creating a userspace executable using the wiring and processing language used with Arduino.
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<div style="margin:0; margin-top:10px; margin-right:10px; border:1px solid #dfdfdf; padding:0 1em 1em 1em; background-color:#ffffcc; align:right; ">
 +
'''GitHub page for the Userspace Arduino project:'''
 +
* [https://github.com/prpplague/Userspace-Arduino Userspace Arduino Repo]
 +
'''Development Blogs for the Userspace Arduino project:'''
 +
* [http://prpplague.github.io/Energia/ Primary Blog] for work on the project
 +
* [http://meanbot.wordpress.com/ Parav Nagarsheth's Blog] about his work on the project
 +
* [http://anujdeshpande.wordpress.com/  Anuj Deshpande's Blog] about his work on the project
 +
</div>
 +
<br />
 +
A Getting Started guide on compiling and executing "Arduino code" on embedded Linux boards.
 +
<br />
  
 +
= Getting Started =
 +
== new Debian images ==
 +
The [http://beagleboard.org/latest-images latest Debian images] for BeagleBone Black include the [https://github.com/prpplague/Userspace-Arduino Userspace Arduino libraries] and can be programmed from the Cloud9 IDE. Save the file with the extension .ino and click "Run" to build and run your sketch. To have your sketch run on bootup, drag it into the "autorun" folder.
  
 +
== old-style ==
 +
Unlike the "standard" way of developing for the Arduino boards, we only have the [https://github.com/prpplague/Userspace-Arduino libraries] ready at the moment (The IDE is still under development). In short, you'll have to use your own editor for writing code.
 +
<br />Currently there are 2 methods to compile and execute Arduino code on the BeagleBone Black.
 +
# [[#native | Native compilation]]
 +
# [[#cross | Cross compilation]]
  
= Transfer Options =
+
==<span id="native">Native Compilation</span>==
 +
You won't have to install any toolchain.
 +
<p> Connect to your BeagleBone Black using ssh. Make sure that you have internet access on your BBB.</p>
 +
===Clone repo===
 +
* Clone the repo from the GitHub project page
 +
git clone http://github.com/prpplague/Userspace-Arduino.git
  
== Netcat ==
+
=== Running a demo ===
 +
Running Blink LED program:
 +
<pre>
 +
cd Userspace-Arduino/arduino-makefile/examples/BlinkUserspace
 +
make
 +
</pre>
 +
* A binary BlinkUserspace.elf should be created in a directory build-userspace
 +
cd build-userspace
 +
./BlinkUserspace.elf
 +
* You will now see USR LED 1 blinking at one second intervals. Press Ctrl-C to break from the loop.
  
* GNU Netcat networking tool http://netcat.sourceforge.net/
+
==<span id="cross">Cross Compilation</span>==
* Can create a  connection using nc -w 1 192.168.7.2 1114 < new.zip on the server (in this case the machine running the Energia IDE), and nc -lp 1114 > n.zip on the Beaglebone. 1114 is a random port number which has to be the same on client as well as server side.
+
===Install toolchain===
* Some issue with sending .bin files directly. Mostly it was with how the file ends, not sure. So need to zip the file.
+
*You will need the Angstrom cross compilation toolchain for the BeagleBone Black.
* Requires no authentication
+
*Run the following commands on your host machine (i.e. laptop/PC)
* A script will be needed to listen on a particular port on the BBB for any incoming connections which will receive, unzip and execute the code.
+
<pre>
 +
~$ wget http://www.angstrom-distribution.org/toolchains/angstrom-2011.03-x86_64-linux-armv7a-linux-gnueabi-toolchain.tar.bz2
 +
~$ sudo tar -C / -xjf angstrom-2011.03-x86_64-linux-armv7a-linux-gnueabi-toolchain.tar.bz2
 +
~$ export PATH=/usr/local/angstrom/arm/bin:$PATH
 +
~$ export CROSS_COMPILE=arm-angstrom-linux-gnueabi-
 +
</pre>
 +
<br />
 +
Links to 64 and 32 bit versions of Angstrom toolchain.
 +
* [http://www.angstrom-distribution.org/toolchains/angstrom-2011.03-x86_64-linux-armv7a-linux-gnueabi-toolchain.tar.bz2 x86_64-linux-armv7a-linux-gnueabi-toolchain]
 +
* [http://www.angstrom-distribution.org/toolchains/angstrom-2011.03-i686-linux-armv7a-linux-gnueabi-toolchain.tar.bz2 i686-linux-armv7a-linux-gnueabi-toolchain]
 +
<br />
 +
===Clone repo===
 +
* Clone the repo from https://github.com/prpplague/Userspace-Arduino
 +
git clone https://github.com/prpplague/Userspace-Arduino.git
 +
<br />
 +
===Running a demo ===
 +
<br>
 +
Running Blink LED program:
 +
<pre>
 +
cd Userspace-Arduino/arduino-makefile/examples/BlinkUserspace
 +
make
 +
</pre>
 +
* A binary BlinkUserspace.elf should be created in a directory build-userspace
 +
* To upload the created binary file, do
 +
<pre>
 +
make upload
 +
</pre>
 +
* You will now see USR LED 1 blinking at one second intervals. Press Ctrl-C to break from the loop.
 +
* Check out some of the examples in /path/to/Userscape-Arduino/Arduino-Makefile/examples.
 +
** [http://github.com/prpplague/Userspace-Arduino/blob/master/arduino-makefile/examples/HelloWorldUserspace/HelloWorldUserspace.ino HelloWorldUserspace]
 +
** [http://github.com/prpplague/Userspace-Arduino/blob/master/arduino-makefile/examples/BlinkUserspace/BlinkUserspace.ino BlinkUserspace]
 +
** [http://github.com/prpplague/Userspace-Arduino/blob/master/arduino-makefile/examples/BaconDemo/BaconDemo.ino BaconDemo]
 +
** [https://github.com/prpplague/Userspace-Arduino/blob/master/arduino-makefile/examples/7segment/7segment.ino 7segment]
 +
**[https://github.com/prpplague/Userspace-Arduino/blob/master/arduino-makefile/examples/PWM/PWM.ino PWM]
  
== ssh/scp/sftp ==
+
== Setup SSH keys (optional) ==
  
* Needs authentication.
+
* If you want to avoid a password prompt, you can set up the ssh keys for the Beaglebone Black:
* scp/sftp is built over ssh i.e. they use ssh for authentication and copying
+
cd ~/.ssh
* To enter the password and execute the program after copying one will have to use a tool like expect (http://www.nist.gov/el/msid/expect.cfm)or sshpass (http://www.debianadmin.com/sshpass-non-interactive-ssh-password-authentication.html). Both of these tools usually don't ship with any Linux distribution.
+
ssh-keygen -t dsa #set a password or you can leave it blank
* sshpass is slightly less complicated than expect. But some issues are there with using sshpass and sftp to upload the binary to the bone. Executing the binary encountered no issues.
+
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub root@$192.168.7.2 # replace id_dsa.pub by your public key file if some other name is given
* In case the user has set his own password and/or username, the IDE can contain a simple form to accept the same.
+
ssh root@192.168.7.2 # login and enter password once
 +
Here after, you won't be prompted for a password from this machine
 +
<br />
  
== Emulating the Arduino bootloader on the bone  ==
+
= Examples =
  
* The Arduino Bootloader runs on a protocol similar to STK500v1 over UART
+
Each of these examples have their own detailed wiki pages:
* One way to program (copy) the binaries would be to emulate the protocol on the bone over USB gadget and use AVRDude on the IDE side.
+
 
 +
* [[Userspace_Arduino:BlinkUserspace|BlinkUserspace]]
 +
* [[Userspace Arduino:BlinkWithoutDelay|Blink Without Delay]]
 +
* [[Userspace Arduino:AnalogReadSerial|AnalogReadSerial]]
 +
 
 +
= Boards Supported =
 +
<br />
 +
== Beaglebone Black ==
 +
Initial development is being done with the Beaglebone Black and the [[Bacon Cape]]
 +
* if you have your Beaglebone Black loaded with a firmware image older that 07.11.2013, you will need copy the [[media:BB-BONE-BACONE-00A0.dtbo|Bacon Cape dtbo file]] on to your beaglebone black
 +
<pre>
 +
~# scp ~/Downloads/BB-BONE-BACONE-00A0.dtbo root@192.168.7.2:/lib/firmware/BB-BONE-BACONE-00A0.dtbo
 +
</pre>
 +
 
 +
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
 +
|- style="background:#CCCCCC"
 +
! style="width:100px" | Arduino Pin
 +
! style="width:400px" | BBB Header Pin
 +
! style="width:200px" | Function
 +
! style="width:200px" | Alternate Function
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 0
 +
| P9_11
 +
| UART (RXD)
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 1
 +
| P9_13
 +
| UART (TXD)
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 2
 +
| P9_15
 +
| GPIO
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 3
 +
| P9_14
 +
| PWM
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 4
 +
| P9_12
 +
| GPIO
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 5
 +
| P9_16
 +
| PWM
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 6
 +
| P9_42
 +
| PWM
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 7
 +
| P8_19
 +
| GPIO
 +
| PWM
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 8
 +
| P9_19
 +
| I2C (SCL)
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 9
 +
| P9_20
 +
| I2C (SDA)
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 10
 +
| P9_17
 +
| GPIO
 +
| SPI_CS0
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 11
 +
| P9_18
 +
| GPIO
 +
| SPI_MOSI
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 12
 +
| P9_21
 +
| SPI_MISO
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 13
 +
| P9_22
 +
| GPIO
 +
| SCK
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 14
 +
| USR LED 0
 +
| LED
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 15
 +
| USR LED 1
 +
| LED
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 16
 +
| USR LED 2
 +
| LED
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 17
 +
| USR LED 3
 +
| LED
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 18
 +
| P9_33
 +
| AIN4
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 19
 +
| P9_35
 +
| AIN6
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 20
 +
| P9_36
 +
| AIN5
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 21
 +
| P9_37
 +
| AIN2
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 22
 +
| P9_38
 +
| AIN3
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 23
 +
| P9_39
 +
| AIN0
 +
|
 +
|- align="center"
 +
| 24
 +
| P9_40
 +
| AIN1
 +
|
 +
|}
 +
<br />
 +
 
 +
== MinnowBoard ==
 +
* Initial support started
 +
* Need Lure accessory board for testing
 +
<br />
 +
== Raspberry Pi ==
 +
* support planned
 +
* will use [[RPi_Gertboard]] for initial development
 +
<br />
 +
*[[Userspace_Arduino:To Do]]
 +
*[[Userspace_Arduino:Libraries]]
 +
<br />
 +
[[Category:Arduino]]
 +
[[Category: RaspberryPi]]
 +
[[Category: MinnowBoard]]
 +
[[Category: BeagleBoard]]
 +
[[Category: Userspace_Arduino]]

Latest revision as of 23:16, 18 June 2014

GitHub page for the Userspace Arduino project:

Development Blogs for the Userspace Arduino project:


A Getting Started guide on compiling and executing "Arduino code" on embedded Linux boards.

Getting Started

new Debian images

The latest Debian images for BeagleBone Black include the Userspace Arduino libraries and can be programmed from the Cloud9 IDE. Save the file with the extension .ino and click "Run" to build and run your sketch. To have your sketch run on bootup, drag it into the "autorun" folder.

old-style

Unlike the "standard" way of developing for the Arduino boards, we only have the libraries ready at the moment (The IDE is still under development). In short, you'll have to use your own editor for writing code.
Currently there are 2 methods to compile and execute Arduino code on the BeagleBone Black.

  1. Native compilation
  2. Cross compilation

Native Compilation

You won't have to install any toolchain.

Connect to your BeagleBone Black using ssh. Make sure that you have internet access on your BBB.

Clone repo

  • Clone the repo from the GitHub project page
git clone http://github.com/prpplague/Userspace-Arduino.git

Running a demo

Running Blink LED program:

cd Userspace-Arduino/arduino-makefile/examples/BlinkUserspace
make
  • A binary BlinkUserspace.elf should be created in a directory build-userspace
cd build-userspace
./BlinkUserspace.elf
  • You will now see USR LED 1 blinking at one second intervals. Press Ctrl-C to break from the loop.

Cross Compilation

Install toolchain

  • You will need the Angstrom cross compilation toolchain for the BeagleBone Black.
  • Run the following commands on your host machine (i.e. laptop/PC)
~$ wget http://www.angstrom-distribution.org/toolchains/angstrom-2011.03-x86_64-linux-armv7a-linux-gnueabi-toolchain.tar.bz2
~$ sudo tar -C / -xjf angstrom-2011.03-x86_64-linux-armv7a-linux-gnueabi-toolchain.tar.bz2
~$ export PATH=/usr/local/angstrom/arm/bin:$PATH
~$ export CROSS_COMPILE=arm-angstrom-linux-gnueabi-


Links to 64 and 32 bit versions of Angstrom toolchain.


Clone repo

git clone https://github.com/prpplague/Userspace-Arduino.git


Running a demo


Running Blink LED program:

cd Userspace-Arduino/arduino-makefile/examples/BlinkUserspace
make
  • A binary BlinkUserspace.elf should be created in a directory build-userspace
  • To upload the created binary file, do
make upload 

Setup SSH keys (optional)

  • If you want to avoid a password prompt, you can set up the ssh keys for the Beaglebone Black:
cd ~/.ssh
ssh-keygen -t dsa #set a password or you can leave it blank
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub root@$192.168.7.2 # replace id_dsa.pub by your public key file if some other name is given
ssh root@192.168.7.2 # login and enter password once

Here after, you won't be prompted for a password from this machine

Examples

Each of these examples have their own detailed wiki pages:

Boards Supported


Beaglebone Black

Initial development is being done with the Beaglebone Black and the Bacon Cape

  • if you have your Beaglebone Black loaded with a firmware image older that 07.11.2013, you will need copy the Bacon Cape dtbo file on to your beaglebone black
~# scp ~/Downloads/BB-BONE-BACONE-00A0.dtbo root@192.168.7.2:/lib/firmware/BB-BONE-BACONE-00A0.dtbo
Arduino Pin BBB Header Pin Function Alternate Function
0 P9_11 UART (RXD)
1 P9_13 UART (TXD)
2 P9_15 GPIO
3 P9_14 PWM
4 P9_12 GPIO
5 P9_16 PWM
6 P9_42 PWM
7 P8_19 GPIO PWM
8 P9_19 I2C (SCL)
9 P9_20 I2C (SDA)
10 P9_17 GPIO SPI_CS0
11 P9_18 GPIO SPI_MOSI
12 P9_21 SPI_MISO
13 P9_22 GPIO SCK
14 USR LED 0 LED
15 USR LED 1 LED
16 USR LED 2 LED
17 USR LED 3 LED
18 P9_33 AIN4
19 P9_35 AIN6
20 P9_36 AIN5
21 P9_37 AIN2
22 P9_38 AIN3
23 P9_39 AIN0
24 P9_40 AIN1


MinnowBoard

  • Initial support started
  • Need Lure accessory board for testing


Raspberry Pi