User:Jiangq

Listings

Chapter 4

Number	Page	Caption	Listing
4-3	4-15	Kernel Subdirectory	qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6$ cat 4_3 qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6$ ls -ls arch/arm/plat-omap/ | grep -v \\.o total 432 12 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 11124 2010-03-23 20:06 clock.c 12 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 8521 2010-03-23 20:06 common.c 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 4033 2010-03-23 20:06 cpu-omap.c 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 2192 2010-03-23 20:06 debug-devices.c 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 7170 2010-03-23 20:06 debug-leds.c 12 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 10890 2010-03-23 20:06 devices.c 56 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 52586 2010-03-23 20:06 dma.c 24 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 22660 2010-03-23 20:06 dmtimer.c 12 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 10055 2010-03-23 20:06 fb.c 64 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 61308 2010-03-23 20:06 gpio.c 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 5058 2010-03-23 20:06 i2c.c 4 drwxr-xr-x 3 qiang qiang 4096 2010-03-23 20:06 include 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 6265 2010-03-23 20:06 io.c 24 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 20765 2010-03-23 20:06 iommu.c 12 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 9117 2010-03-23 20:06 iommu-debug.c 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 2745 2010-03-23 20:06 iopgtable.h 20 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 19320 2010-03-23 20:06 iovmm.c 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 4819 2010-03-23 20:06 Kconfig 12 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 8522 2010-03-23 20:06 mailbox.c 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 882 2010-03-23 20:06 Makefile 44 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 43730 2010-03-23 20:06 mcbsp.c 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 2263 2010-03-23 20:06 mux.c 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 2739 2010-03-23 20:06 ocpi.c 24 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 21397 2010-03-23 20:06 omap_device.c 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 7069 2010-03-23 20:06 omap-pm-noop.c 16 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 12878 2010-03-23 20:06 sram.c 20 -rw-r--r-- 1 qiang qiang 18770 2010-03-23 20:06 usb.c
4-4	4-17	Snippet from Linux 2.6.config	qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6$ cat 4_4 # # CONFIG_64BIT is not set CONFIG_X86_32=y # CONFIG_X86_64 is not set CONFIG_X86=y CONFIG_OUTPUT_FORMAT="elf32-i386" CONFIG_ARCH_DEFCONFIG="arch/x86/configs/i386_defconfig" CONFIG_GENERIC_TIME=y CONFIG_GENERIC_CMOS_UPDATE=y CONFIG_CLOCKSOURCE_WATCHDOG=y CONFIG_GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS=y CONFIG_GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS_BROADCAST=y CONFIG_LOCKDEP_SUPPORT=y CONFIG_STACKTRACE_SUPPORT=y CONFIG_HAVE_LATENCYTOP_SUPPORT=y CONFIG_MMU=y
4-6	4-22	Makefile Targets	qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6$ cat 4_6 qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6$ make help Cleaning targets: clean - Remove most generated files but keep the config and enough build support to build external modules mrproper - Remove all generated files + config + various backup files distclean - mrproper + remove editor backup and patch files Configuration targets: config - Update current config utilising a line-oriented program menuconfig - Update current config utilising a menu based program xconfig - Update current config utilising a QT based front-end gconfig - Update current config utilising a GTK based front-end oldconfig - Update current config utilising a provided .config as base localmodconfig - Update current config disabling modules not loaded localyesconfig - Update current config converting local mods to core silentoldconfig - Same as oldconfig, but quietly, additionally update deps randconfig - New config with random answer to all options defconfig - New config with default answer to all options allmodconfig - New config selecting modules when possible allyesconfig - New config where all options are accepted with yes allnoconfig - New config where all options are answered with no Other generic targets: all - Build all targets marked with [*] * vmlinux - Build the bare kernel * modules - Build all modules modules_install - Install all modules to INSTALL_MOD_PATH (default: /) firmware_install- Install all firmware to INSTALL_FW_PATH (default: $(INSTALL_MOD_PATH)/lib/firmware) dir/ - Build all files in dir and below dir/file.[ois] - Build specified target only dir/file.ko - Build module including final link modules_prepare - Set up for building external modules tags/TAGS - Generate tags file for editors cscope - Generate cscope index kernelrelease - Output the release version string kernelversion - Output the version stored in Makefile headers_install - Install sanitised kernel headers to INSTALL_HDR_PATH (default: /home/qiang/Desktop/linux-2.6/usr) Static analysers checkstack - Generate a list of stack hogs namespacecheck - Name space analysis on compiled kernel versioncheck - Sanity check on version.h usage includecheck - Check for duplicate included header files export_report - List the usages of all exported symbols headers_check - Sanity check on exported headers headerdep - Detect inclusion cycles in headers Kernel packaging: rpm-pkg - Build both source and binary RPM kernel packages binrpm-pkg - Build only the binary kernel package deb-pkg - Build the kernel as an deb package tar-pkg - Build the kernel as an uncompressed tarball targz-pkg - Build the kernel as a gzip compressed tarball tarbz2-pkg - Build the kernel as a bzip2 compressed tarball Documentation targets: Linux kernel internal documentation in different formats: htmldocs - HTML pdfdocs - PDF psdocs - Postscript xmldocs - XML DocBook mandocs - man pages installmandocs - install man pages generated by mandocs cleandocs - clean all generated DocBook files Architecture specific targets (x86): * bzImage - Compressed kernel image (arch/x86/boot/bzImage) install - Install kernel using (your) ~/bin/installkernel or (distribution) /sbin/installkernel or install to $(INSTALL_PATH) and run lilo fdimage - Create 1.4MB boot floppy image (arch/x86/boot/fdimage) fdimage144 - Create 1.4MB boot floppy image (arch/x86/boot/fdimage) fdimage288 - Create 2.8MB boot floppy image (arch/x86/boot/fdimage) isoimage - Create a boot CD-ROM image (arch/x86/boot/image.iso) bzdisk/fdimage*/isoimage also accept: FDARGS="..." arguments for the booted kernel FDINITRD=file initrd for the booted kernel i386_defconfig - Build for i386 x86_64_defconfig - Build for x86_64 make V=0|1 [targets] 0 => quiet build (default), 1 => verbose build make V=2 [targets] 2 => give reason for rebuild of target make O=dir [targets] Locate all output files in "dir", including .config make C=1 [targets] Check all c source with $CHECK (sparse by default) make C=2 [targets] Force check of all c source with $CHECK Execute "make" or "make all" to build all targets marked with [*] For further info see the ./README file
4-10	4-32	Customized .config File Snippet	qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6$ cat 4_10 # CONFIG_ARCH_PNX4008 is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_PXA is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_MSM is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_SHMOBILE is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_RPC is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_SA1100 is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_S3C2410 is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_S3C64XX is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_S5P6440 is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_S5P6442 is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_S5PC1XX is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_S5PV210 is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_SHARK is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_LH7A40X is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_U300 is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_U8500 is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_NOMADIK is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_DAVINCI is not set CONFIG_ARCH_OMAP=y # # TI OMAP Implementations # # CONFIG_ARCH_OMAP1 is not set CONFIG_ARCH_OMAP2PLUS=y # CONFIG_ARCH_OMAP2 is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_OMAP3 is not set # CONFIG_ARCH_OMAP4 is not set
4-11	4-33	Makefile from .../arch/arm/mach-ixp4xx Kernel Subdirectory	qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6$ cat 4_11 qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6/arch/arm/plat-omap$ head -n 20 Makefile # # Makefile for the linux kernel. # # Common support obj-y := common.o sram.o clock.o devices.o dma.o mux.o gpio.o \ usb.o fb.o io.o obj-m := obj-n := obj-  := # OCPI interconnect support for 1710, 1610 and 5912 obj-$(CONFIG_ARCH_OMAP16XX) += ocpi.o # omap_device support (OMAP2+ only at the moment) obj-$(CONFIG_ARCH_OMAP2) += omap_device.o obj-$(CONFIG_ARCH_OMAP3) += omap_device.o obj-$(CONFIG_OMAP_MCBSP) += mcbsp.o obj-$(CONFIG_OMAP_IOMMU) += iommu.o iovmm.o

Chapter 5

Number	Page	Caption	Listing
5-2	5-5	Assembly File piggy.s	qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6/arch/arm/boot/compressed$ cat piggy.gzip.S .section .piggydata,#alloc .globl input_data input_data: .incbin "arch/arm/boot/compressed/piggy.gzip" .globl input_data_end input_data_end:
5-4	5-18	Console Setup Code Snippet	qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6/arch/arm/boot/compressed$ cat piggy.gzip.S .section .piggydata,#alloc .globl input_data input_data: .incbin "arch/arm/boot/compressed/piggy.gzip" .globl input_data_end input_data_end: qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6$ cat 5_4 /* * Set up a list of consoles. Called from init/main.c */ static int __init console_setup(char *str) { char buf[sizeof(console_cmdline[0].name) + 4]; /* 4 for index */ char *s, *options, *brl_options = NULL; int idx; #ifdef CONFIG_A11Y_BRAILLE_CONSOLE if (!memcmp(str, "brl,", 4)) { brl_options = ""; str += 4; } else if (!memcmp(str, "brl=", 4)) { brl_options = str + 4; str = strchr(brl_options, ','); if (!str) { printk(KERN_ERR "need port name after brl=\n"); return 1; } *(str++) = 0;
5-5	5-19	Family of _setup Macro Definitions from init.h	qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6$ cat 5_5 /* * Only for really core code. See moduleparam.h for the normal way. * * Force the alignment so the compiler doesn't space elements of the * obs_kernel_param "array" too far apart in .init.setup. */ #define __setup_param(str, unique_id, fn, early) \ static const char __setup_str_##unique_id[] __initconst \ __aligned(1) = str; \ static struct obs_kernel_param __setup_##unique_id \ __used __section(.init.setup) \ __attribute__((aligned((sizeof(long))))) \ = { __setup_str_##unique_id, fn, early } #define __setup(str, fn) \ __setup_param(str, fn, fn, 0)
5-6	5-20	Kernel Command Line Processing	qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6$ cat 5_6 static int __init obsolete_checksetup(char *line) { struct obs_kernel_param *p; int had_early_param = 0; p = __setup_start; do { int n = strlen(p->str); if (!strncmp(line, p->str, n)) { if (p->early) { /* Already done in parse_early_param? * (Needs exact match on param part). * Keep iterating, as we can have early * params and __setups of same names 8( */ if (line[n] == '\0' || line[n] == '=') had_early_param = 1; } else if (!p->setup_func) { printk(KERN_WARNING "Parameter %s is obsolete," " ignored\n", p->str); return 1; } else if (p->setup_func(line + n)) return 1; } p++; } while (p < __setup_end); return had_early_param; }
5-7	5-23	Example Initialization Routine	qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6$ cat 5_7 static void (*init_machine)(void) __initdata; static int __init customize_machine(void) { /* customizes platform devices, or adds new ones */ if (init_machine) init_machine(); return 0; }
5-8	5-23	initcall Family of Macros	qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6$ cat 5_8 #define __define_initcall(level,fn,id) \ static initcall_t __initcall_##fn##id __used \ __attribute__((__section__(".initcall" level ".init"))) = fn /* * Early initcalls run before initializing SMP. * * Only for built-in code, not modules. */ #define early_initcall(fn) __define_initcall("early",fn,early) /* * A "pure" initcall has no dependencies on anything else, and purely * initializes variables that couldn't be statically initialized. * * This only exists for built-in code, not for modules. */ #define pure_initcall(fn) __define_initcall("0",fn,0) #define core_initcall(fn) __define_initcall("1",fn,1) #define core_initcall_sync(fn) __define_initcall("1s",fn,1s) #define postcore_initcall(fn) __define_initcall("2",fn,2) #define postcore_initcall_sync(fn) __define_initcall("2s",fn,2s) #define arch_initcall(fn) __define_initcall("3",fn,3) #define arch_initcall_sync(fn) __define_initcall("3s",fn,3s) #define subsys_initcall(fn) __define_initcall("4",fn,4) #define subsys_initcall_sync(fn) __define_initcall("4s",fn,4s)
5-9	5-26	Creation of Kernel init Thread	qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6$ cat 5_9 static noinline void __init_refok rest_init(void) __releases(kernel_lock) { int pid; rcu_scheduler_starting(); kernel_thread(kernel_init, NULL, CLONE_FS | CLONE_SIGHAND); numa_default_policy(); pid = kernel_thread(kthreadd, NULL, CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES); rcu_read_lock(); kthreadd_task = find_task_by_pid_ns(pid, &init_pid_ns); rcu_read_unlock(); unlock_kernel(); /* * The boot idle thread must execute schedule() * at least once to get things moving: */ init_idle_bootup_task(current); preempt_enable_no_resched(); schedule(); preempt_disable(); /* Call into cpu_idle with preempt disabled */ cpu_idle(); }
5-10	5-27	Initialization via initcalls	qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6$ cat 5_10 extern initcall_t __initcall_start[], __initcall_end[], __early_initcall_end[]; static void __init do_initcalls(void) { initcall_t *fn; for (fn = __early_initcall_end; fn < __initcall_end; fn++) do_one_initcall(*fn); /* Make sure there is no pending stuff from the initcall sequence */ flush_scheduled_work(); }
5-11	5-28	Final Kernel Boot Steps from main.c	qiang@qiang-laptop:~/Desktop/linux-2.6$ cat 5_11 * makes it inline to init() and it becomes part of init.text section */ static noinline int init_post(void) __releases(kernel_lock) { /* need to finish all async __init code before freeing the memory */ async_synchronize_full(); free_initmem(); unlock_kernel(); mark_rodata_ro(); system_state = SYSTEM_RUNNING; numa_default_policy(); current->signal->flags |= SIGNAL_UNKILLABLE; if (ramdisk_execute_command) { run_init_process(ramdisk_execute_command); printk(KERN_WARNING "Failed to execute %s\n", ramdisk_execute_command);