RPi Beginners

''' INFO : If you are looking for any information related to SD Cards and setup look here There is some restructuring going on, we are sorry for the inconvenience. '''

=About This Page - For Contributors= The intention of this page is to provide a starting point for beginners and to direct them to the kind of information a person would need in order to start doing something useful or interesting with a Raspberry Pi.

It is not intended to contain or replicate much of the information already available on-line or elsewhere in the wiki, however please create new wiki pages and link them here if there is information beginners will find useful (similarly any section which grows too much here, should be separated into new pages as and when needed)!

At the moment building up ideas of content of typical things beginners will want to know and the kind of things they will want to do first.

=Where to start?= Any easy question to ask, but a very difficult one to answer!
 * 1) If you need to get a RPi, the see the Buying Guide.
 * 2) If you need to know what equipment you will need and how to set it up, see the Basic Hardware Setup page.
 * 3) If you need to install/setup an SD card see the Preload your Card section.
 * 4) If something is not working, check the Troubleshooting section.
 * 5) If you need help with Debian, try the Debian Wiki.
 * 6) If you've done all that, and you are wondering what next...welcome and read on!

References needed (idea for new section Living Without RPi, which can guide users or link to info to users who haven't got RPis) Link to emulation builds or live linux cds setup for beginners (RacyPy2 for example) If you don't have a Raspberry Pi yet, you can still try things out, see xxxx for details.

=What is Linux and why not use Windows?= Linux is an operating system just like Windows, however, unlike Windows (which needs a set hardware requirement to run i.e. One Size fits or get different hardware), Linux comes in many varieties and configurations which means you can usually find a flavour (or Distribution) which fits your hardware big or small / fast or slow.

The Raspberry Pi is not suited to running Windows due to its hardware, but there are plenty of Linux Distributions which fit nicely. In addition to this, most Distributions of Linux are free, however Windows can cost many times the price of the Raspberry Pi itself.

Chances are you already have Linux running in your home without you even knowing it, since it is commonly used in modern TVs, Freeview and cable boxes to run things and ensure your recording of Inbetweeners or Prison Break gets done!

For more information about Linux see Wikipedia

Also see End-User FAQ And Running XXX on the RPi

=Basic Debian RPi Setup= When you first turn on your Raspberry Pi with it's fresh Debian image on the SD card, you may have to make some minor adjustments to the OS configuration files to suit your location. The default location setting (locale) is the UK.

You can alter this with sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales

There are quite a lot of options - many people will want to use the UTF-8 variant for their locale. This will also allow you to set anomalous cases like English keyboard but Danish locale.

Selecting All locales will generate all possible locales, take a very long time and use a great deal of space. Generate only those you wish to use.

The command above will open a list which begins

aa_DJ [Ambala, for Djibouti] ISO-8059-1 and goes down to zu_._UTF8 UTF-81 [Zulu for S. Africa]

You have various options for each language - UTF-8 is probably the most useful worldwide - Unicode characters.

Scroll down using a down arrow key, toggle with a space bar to select.

Keyboard Mapping
If different letters appear on-screen from that which you typed, you need to reconfigure you keyboard settings. In Debian, from a command line type: sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration Follow the prompts. Then restart your RasPi. Or: From the command line type: sudo nano /etc/default/keyboard Then find where it says "XKBLAYOUT=”gb”"and change the gb to the two letter code for your country. 

Also, see the Troubleshooting Guide for more information about remapping the keyboard.

Changes will certainly be picked up at the next restart.

If you get a very long delay during the keyboard mapping at startup, type the following once on the command line after you have logged in: sudo setupcon

Create a new User and add it to the sudoers list
Type in following command in the Terminal to create a new user: sudo adduser username Follow the Steps. After creating the new User you must get root Access with the following Command: su Now you can add your user to the sudoers list: visudo Add following Line under the "root ALL=(ALL) ALL" Line: yourUsername ALL=(ALL) ALL Now press CTRL+K X to save and exit the editor.

Alternatively instead of adding the user to the sudoers list, you can add your user to the sudo group with the following command: useradd -G sudo yourUsername

Change the Timezone
Unless you live in Great Britain, you'll have to change the default timezone. Use "sudo" to obtain temporary execute permissions. sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata

Select geographic area - Europe, America or whatever. Etc gives UNIX compatible time zones including CUT, GMT, UTC

Select city

Follow the prompts to finish the config. The change should be immediate.

=Intro to the CLI (Command Line Interface)= You will need to use the Command Line Interface at some point in your management of the RPi. The command line interface is a powerful way to interact with the Raspberry Pi and is well worth learning some basic commands to get started with.

For an introductory guide to some basic commands please see: Command Line Interface "Must Have" Commands

If you are done with the text interface and want to use a graphical one instead, run:

startx

=Adding more software to your Raspberry Pi= You will probably want to add software to your Raspberry Pi. Here you can find out how to do it. Adding Software

=Adding USB Storage to Your Raspberry Pi= Sooner or later, you're going to run out of room on the SD card used to boot up your Raspberry Pi. For a tutorial on how to connect USB flash drives and hard drives to your Pi to expand storage, see: Adding USB Drives to a Raspberry Pi

=Beginner Projects= Here are a few things you can try out with your Raspberry Pi, in most cases all you'll need is your SD Card loaded with a particular preconfigured OS Distribution.

It will be worth getting a few spare SD Cards if you think you will switch between setups regularly or become familiar with how to back up and restore your card. Reference needed - a good guide on how to backup and restore cards or software to do this easily

Media Player
With this configuration you will typically have the Raspberry Pi connected to a TV or large monitor and a source of videos/music/photos etc you wish to play (i.e. Internet/hard-drive/local network etc).

DesignSpark have written an article on this, which is worth a look, DesignSpark - Raspberry Pi goes to the movies

Reference needed - links to a specific wiki page covering this in detail or links to projects like OpenElec, CrystalBuntu, Raspbmc etc

Play Games
While there are not any commercial games for the Raspberry Pi (yet) there are plenty ways to play games on it.

Many distributions will have games built into them, and some may well support emulation of other platforms so you can run those games.

Also, a lot of Raspberry Pi users will be writing simple games which will be available for others to enjoy (and if desired added to or modified).

Reference needed - game section is empty at the moment! See the Games Section for more details

Introducing Young Children To Computers
Reference needed - some kid friendly and fun stuff!

Teaching
There is a huge number of groups, links and resources available within the Education section. Reference needed - links to the learning pages, education links and school/university groups

Learn To Program
There is a huge selection of programming languages which you can use to write interesting programs, games, applications and utilities. There are also more great links within the Education section.

There is a huge selection to choose from (not just Python...) which should suit any ability and a range of purposes.

If you are new to programming, there are plenty of tutorials for getting started in the Tutorials Section. Books about programming can be found in the Books Section.

In the latest Debian, Python (+Pygame) and MIT Scratch are pre-installed.

Reference needed - links to the learning pages, recommended books?

Interface With Hardware
Reference needed - links to basic circuits tutorials and expansion boards
 * 1) Interfacing with Arduino

Word Processing/Internet Browsing etc
Yes, the Raspberry Pi can do the majority of the dull stuff too which other computers do.

Debian currently comes with Midori installed for web browsing and word processing programs be installed rather easily.


 * Entering "sudo apt-get install openoffice.org" into a terminal will install OpenOffice.org, a free Microsoft Office-like application suite
 * Entering "sudo apt-get install abiword-common" into a terminal will install AbiWord, a lighter weight but still fully functional word processor

More information needed

Your Own Pet Project!
The sky is the limit really, with some time and effort any number of projects can be achieved.

Even if you don't have the skill to do it yourself, you can join like minded people by getting involved with one of the numerous groups in the Community Section, also within the Education pages or learn what you need in from the Guides & Tutorials sections.

Of course, if you do anything interesting then please let us know in the Projects section.

=Living Without RPi= Even if you do not have any Raspberry Pi hardware there are a number things you can do to learn about linux, programming or even controlling hardware.

Using Linux
You can install a version of Linux on most computers, and many you will be able to "try out" Linux by using a "Live CD" - this will start your computer up running from a CD or DVD and run Linux (without installing anything to the computer itself).

RacyPy - This is a simple LiveCD of Puppy Linux which includes some basic programming languages and a light-weight graphical user interface (GUI).

You can get it from here:

teampython RacyPy

Trying Programming
Many of the programming languages you can use on the Raspberry Pi can be installed on a Windows or Mac machine. Just visit the websites of the languages you are interested in and see if they have an installer for your operating system.

Controlling Hardware
As discussed in the Easy GPIO Hardware & Software tutorials, there are lots of alternative hardware you can use to experiment with (some as little as $5).

=References=