ES:RaspberryPiBoard



 PÁGINA EN CONSTRUCCIÓN (cualquier ayuda será bienvenida)--PAGE UNDER CONSTRUCTION!!!

Esta página recoge información acerca del ordenador de muy bajo coste (~ 15 GBP ó 25USD) con SO Linux, de la Fundación Raspberry Pi, para la enseñanza de la programación de aplicaciones informáticas a los niños.

La Fundación Raspberry Pi, es una organización benéfica registrada en el Reino Unido (Número de registro 1129409) que tiene por objetivo promover el estudio de las ciencias de la computación y temas relacionados, sobre todo a nivel escolar, y devolver la diversión al aprendizaje de la computación. Esperamos que este ordenador tenga muchas otras aplicaciones, tanto en los países desarrollados como en los países en vía de desarrollo.

Por favor, tenga en cuenta que el Raspberry Pi aún no está disponible - esta página es un trabajo en progreso de la comunidad en preparación para su lanzamiento.

 NOTICIAS: =Próximos Eventos=
 * Publicado Pinout para los conectores GPIO
 * Publicada Versión Final PCB artwork
 * ¿Quieres estar informado? Nuevas Noticias, Lista de Correo activa - Regístrese en la página de Inicio
 * Se están fabricando Placas en estado Alfa
 * Placa beta con componentes montados
 * La nueva Placa beta en acción

El equipo de Raspberry Pi acudirá a los siguientes eventos:
 * eTech Ohio conference, Ohio, 14 February 2012

Los eventos que se relacionan a continuación, son de interés general para la Industria. Esto no indica que Raspberry Pi vaya a asistir. Para consultar la agenda de eventos en los que participará Raspberry Pi, por favor contacte con press@raspberrypi.org.

Febrero 2012

 * Hackademy Codecamp, 11 de Febrero de 2012, Preston, UK
 * eTech Ohio conference, Ohio, 14 de Febrero de 2012

Julio 2012

 * O'Reilly Open Source Convention (OSCON) en Portland, Oregon Convention Center July 16-20, 2012.  The Call for Papers is scheduled to be posted in November 2011.

Foro de Discusión: http://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/?mingleforumaction=viewtopic&t=342

=Especificaciones Provisionales= El primer producto es aproximadamente del tamaño de una tarjeta de crédito, y está diseñado para conectarlo a una TV. El precio esperado es de $25 para un sistema totalmente configurado.
 * 700MHz Procesador Multimedia Broadcom BCM2835 con un núcleo ARM11 (ARM1176JZF-S), núcleo GPU Broadcom, núcleo DSP y soporte para RAM Package-on-Package (PoP)
 * 128MiB (Modelo A) ó 256MiB de SDRAM (Modelo B), colocada encima de la CPU como un dispositivo PoP.
 * OpenGL ES 2.0
 * 1080p30 H.264 decodificador high-profile
 * Salidas de vídeo comupuesto y HDMI.
 * Un puerto USB 2.0 (chip BCM2835).
 * Ranura para tarjetas SD/MMC/SDIO memory.
 * GPIO (Sobre 16 3v3) y otras interfaces and various other interfaces, a través de pines de 1.27mm.
 * Opcional: 2-puertos USB y una controladora 10/100 Ethernet (En el modelo B)
 * Software de código abierto (Iceweasel, KOffice, Python)
 * Capaz de soportar placas de expansión.

=Disponibilidad=

El RP estará disponible en enero de 2012. En principio se venderán 10.000 unidades, aunque es posible que la Fundación subaste las 100 primeras. Inicialmente se venderán en UK y posiblemente en USA pero mas tarde se podrán comprar en distribuidores locales.

=Guía para principiantes=

Acaba de comprar su nuevo ordenador Raspberry Pi, y ¿ahora qué? Mire beginners guides.

=Accesorios & Periféricos= Artículo principal: RaspberryPiBoardVerifiedPeripherals

Caja
Una caja que proteja al RP se menciona habitualmente como un accesorio necesario. Las cajas probablemente serán ofrecidas directamente por Raspberry Pi así como por terceros.

Fuente de alimentación
La placa se alimenta con 5V, (con el voltaje del núcleo de 1.2V generados directamente de la entrada con el conmutador interno de modo de suministro del BCM2835). Esto permite la adopción del formato micro USB, que a su vez, evita que el usuario sin darse cuenta. conecte alimentadores de energía fuera de rango, lo que podría ser peligroso, ya que los 5V van directamente a los puertos de salida HDMI y USB, a pesar de que el problema debe ser evitado por algún tipo de protección aplicado a la alimentación de entrada: la placa tiene un diodo de protección de polaridad, una pinza de voltaje, y un fusible semiconductor de reposición automática.

Placas de Expansión
Está previsto que se ofrezcan Placas de expansión tanto por Raspberry Pi Foundation así como por terceros.
 * Presentamos la Gertboard

Adaptador de HDMI a VGA
The Broadcom BCM2835 only provides HDMI output and composite output. It does not provide RGB or the other signals needed to by RGB, S-VIDEO or VGA connectors so additional componenty would be needed to generate these signals. Additional componentry would push the price beyond the $25 target and therefore won't happen.

A couple of options for VGA or component RGB outputs, bridging from either HDMI or the MIPI DSI interface:

Firstly, the following *might* work. Beagleboard people have reported various levels of success (mainly "issues"):

http://www.hdfury.com/

Something similar:

http://www.fit-pc.com/web/fit-pc2/accessories/fit-vga/

...it may need to be modified as described here:

http://blog.galemin.com/2011/03/dvi-d-to-vga-converter-for-beagleboard-xm/

Alternatively, it may be possible to design an expansion board that plugs into the LCD headers on the R.Pi. Here is something similar for Beagleboard:

http://boardzoo.com/product_info12.php

=Detalles del Hardware= The first product is about the size of a credit card, and is designed to plug into a TV or be combined with a touch screen accessory for a low cost tablet. The product will be available in two configurations: Model A and Model B. The expected price is $25 for a fully-configured Model-A system and around $35 for a Model B.

Componentes
(Provisional - some of the expansion interfaces won't be available on production boards) (PCB IDs are those of the Model B Beta board)


 * SoC: Broadcom BCM2835 media processor system-on-chip featuring:
 * CPU core: ARM1176JZF-S ARM11 core clocked at 700MHz; ARM VFP.
 * GPU core: a Broadcom VideoCore GPU providing OpenGL ES 1.1, OpenGL ES 2.0, hardware-accelerated OpenVG 1.1, Open EGL, OpenMAX and 1080p30 H.264 high-profile decode. There are 24 GFLOPS of general purpose compute and a bunch of texture filtering and DMA infrastructure.  Eben worked on the architecture team for this and the Raspberry Pi team are looking at how they can make some of the proprietary features available to application programmers
 * DSP core: There is a DSP, but there isn't currently a public API (Liz thinks the BC team are keen to make one available at some point)
 * RAM: 128MiB (Model A) or 256MiB (Model B) of SDRAM. The RAM is physically stacked on top of the Broadcom media processor (package-on-package technology)
 * LAN9512 (Data Brief | Data Sheet) providing 10/100Mb Ethernet and 2x USB 2.0 (Model B)
 * S1: Micro USB power jack (5v)
 * S2: DSI interface. 15-pin surface mounted flat flex connector (possibly no-fit).
 * S3: HDMI connector providing HDMI 1.3a out
 * S4: Composite Video connector: RCA
 * S5: MIPI CSI-2 interface. 15-pin surface mounted flat flex connector (possibly no-fit).
 * S6: Audio connector: 3.5mm stereo jack (output only)
 * S8: SD/MMC/SDIO memory card slot (underside)
 * S7: Either 1x USB 2.0 (Model A) 2x USB 2.0 (Model B)
 * P1: 26-pin 2.54mm header expansion (header not fitted), providing:
 * 8 GPIOs at 3v3
 * 2-pin UART serial console, 3v3 TTL (debug); or 2 GPIOs at 3v3
 * I2C interface (3v3); or 2 GPIOs at 3v3
 * SPI interface (3v3); or 5 GPIOs at 3v3
 * 3v3, 5v and GND supply pins
 * ARM JTAG (if pins are reconfigured in software)
 * Second I2C interface (3v3) (if pins are reconfigured in software)
 * I2S interface (if pins are reconfigured in software)
 * 6 pins reserved for future use
 * P2 and P3: 8-pin and 7-pin 2.54mm header expansion (header not fitted), providing:
 * 6-pin GPU JTAG (ARM11 pinout)
 * P4: 10/100Mb RJ45 Ethernet jack (Model B)


 * Board size: 85.60mm x 53.98mm. Overall height expected to be less than 25mm.
 * Weight: <40g? (Alpha board weighs ~55g )
 * 6 layer PCB

Manual
A manual is currently in production by members of the Computing At School working group. This began on the 13 October 2011 and is due to be ready for early March 2012. The manual is aimed at the project's target audience, children, so that they can take their "First steps in Computing Science".

For the first release (~December 2011), there will mostly likely be very minimal documentation.

Esquemas / Capas

 * PCB screenshot
 * PCB screenshot, labelled version
 * PCB screenshot, Alpha board

Velocidad de Reloj

 * Provisional main CPU clock speed is 700MHz
 * No data currently released on the GPU or other component clock speeds

Administración de Energía

 * Target power consumption is <1W (This is for the A version, no power consumed from the USB plug.)

Preliminary Alpha board power usage measurements. This is with graphics output on the HDMI port, no power from USB plugs.
 * Input 7.5V, ~180mA Linux running only with prompt.
 * Input 7.5V, ~300mA heavy graphics running on system.

Acelerador Gráfico
La GPU es una Broadcom VideoCore IV.

Opciones de salida de Vídeo (Display Output)
Las siguientes salidas de vídeo están soportadas en la placa:
 * Vídeo Compuesto (NTSC y PAL) via conector RCA.
 * Salida HDMI 1.3a standard.
 * Display Serial Interface (DSI) - via conector no montado 15-way conector plano flexible.

Estas interfaces permiten el uso de un amplio abanico de pantallas, como son:
 * Televisores (HDMI o vídeo compuesto).
 * Monitores (HDMI/DVI-D) (Los monitores VGA requerirán de un adaptador de vídeo compuesto o HDMI a VGA).
 * DLP/Laser Pico Proyectores (HDMI/DVI-D).
 * Paneles RAW LCD (DSI + interface hardware)

Notas:
 * El SOC no soporta vídeo por componentes analógico,incluyendo VGA, ya que está diseñado para teléfonos móviles.
 * Las salidas de Vídeo Compuesto y HDMI no pueden ser usadas al mismo tiempo.

Interfacing to Raw LCD Panels
Nokia N900 has 800x480 DCS LCD (afaik its like DSI, but has build in framebuffer). Replacement screen is about ~$40 (~$50 with 4pin resistive touchscreen).

Nokia N8 has AMOLED 360x640 pixels DSI LCD. Replacement screen is about ~$35, another ~$25 for Multitouch Synaptics T1021A touchscreen (I2C + interrupt IO, no docs/drivers).

Potential LVDS interfacing chips :

TC358764/5 Display Bridge (MIPI® DSI to LVDS)

DVI receiver TFP401A, TFP403, or TFP501 + LVDS transmitter SN75LVDS83B or SN65LVDS93A (Mentioned earlier fit-VGA is build around TFP401A, probably many more "active" DVI2VGA cables are build the same way)

I2C/SPI ADC can be used to interface 4 pin resistive Touch Screens, For example STMPE812A

16x2 LCD Displays
The old-style 2-line, 16-character LCD displays can be commonly controlled over UART, thus providing a cheap way to display values for sensors etc.

Interfacing to Camera Module
is Sony sub-LVDS same as MIPI CSI-2? Sony IMX020 5Mbip module is available for $5-7 (SE K850i replacement camera).

Looks like Nokia N95 uses CSI-2 5Mpix camera module with autofocus. ~$15 replacement part.

Production Board GPIO Header
The production board has a 26-pin 2.54mm expansion header, arranged in a 2x13 strip. They provide 8 GPIO pins plus access to I2C, SPI, UART), as well as +3V3, +5V and GND supply lines. Pin one is column 0 on the bottom row.  All the UART, SPI and I2C pins can be reconfigured as GPIO pins, to provide a total of 17 GPIO pins.

Voltage levels are 3v3. There is no over-voltage protection on the board - the intention is that people interested in serious interfacing will use an external board with buffers, level conversion and analog I/O rather than soldering directly onto the main board.

At least some of the GPIO pins support PWM.

Each GPIO can interrupt, high/low/rise/fall/change.

It is also possible to reconfigure some of the pins to provide an ARM JTAG interface.

It is also possible to reconfigure some of the pins to provide an I2S or PCM interface.

It is also possible to reconfigure some of the pins to provide a second I2C interface. [no-ref]

Kernel boot messages go to the UART at 115200bps.

Pinout:

Colour-coded Image: https://sites.google.com/site/burngatehouse/home/drawings/GPIOs.gif

Maximum permitted current draw from the 3v3 pin is 50mA. Maximum permitted current draw from the 5v pin is the USB input current (usually 1A) minus any current draw from the rest of the board, or about 650 mA.

Driver support
The Foundation will not include a GPIO driver in the initial release, standard linux GPIO drivers should work with minimal modification. The Foundation will not include a SPI driver in the initial release, we hope the community might write one. The Foundation will not include an I2C driver in the initial release, we hope the community might provide one, standard linux I2C drivers should work with minimal modification.

MIPI CSI-2
On the production board, we bring out the MIPI CSI-2 interface to pads for an unpopulated 15-way flat flex connector

DSI
On the production board, we bring out the DSI interface to pads for an unpopulated 15-way flat flex connector

CEC
HDMI-CEC is supported by hardware but some driver work will be needed and currently isn't exposed into Linux userland.

Eben notes that he has seen CEC demos on the Broadcom SoC they are using.

=Software Details=

BootRom
The boards do not include NAND or NOR storage - everything is on the SD card, which has a FAT32 partition with GPU firmware and a kernel image, and an EXT2 partition with the rootfs.

We're not currently using a bootloader - we actually boot via the GPU, which contains a proprietary RISC core (wacky architecture ;). The GPU mounts the SD card, loads GPU firmware and brings up display/video/3d, loads a kernel image, resets the SD card host and starts the ARM.

You could replace the kernel image with a bootloader image, and that would work fine.

Distributions
Source code and binaries for Raspberry Pi will be available at various places from launch, including pre-built Linux distributions.

Ubuntu is currently listed as the default distribution on the Raspberry Pi website, but the Ubuntu developers have now stated they will not be supporting the ARMv6 architecture, so Ubuntu is likely to be dropped.

Eben says (regarding default distribution): "Either Ubuntu or Fedora; the main point in Fedora’s favour is their ongoing support for ARMv6 architectures."

Main page: RaspberryPiBoardDistributions

Development environments
Instead of just using compiler + editor, you can use "development tool chains" which integrate compiler, build system, packaging tools etc. in one tool chain.

Compiler
The Broadcom processor on Raspberry Pi contains an ARM v6 general purpose processor and a Broadcom VideoCore IV GPU. No data is currently available on other cores (if any) available in the BCM2835.

ARM
There is broad compiler support including gcc - please see ARM Compilers

The ARM is capable of around 500 BOGOMIPS, 5400 LINPACK KFLOPS with software floating point and 22000 KFLOPS with softfp hardware floating point.

GPU
The GPU provides APIs for Open GL ES 2.0, hardware-accelerated OpenVG, and 1080p30 H.264 high-profile decode.

The GPU is capable of 1Gpixel/s, 1.5Gtexel/s or 24 GFLOPs of general purpose compute and features a bunch of texture filtering and DMA infrastructure - the Raspberry Pi team are looking at how they can make this available to application programmers.

The GPU blob is an 18MB as an elf file, plus libraries. It does an awful lot.

DSP
There is a DSP, but there isn't currently a public API (Liz thinks the BC team are keen to make one available at some point).

Flash
From Eben: "We'll have to take a look. We support hardware-accelerated OpenVG, and have had Flash Lite running incredibly fast. Personally, I'd like to get the official hardware-accelerated Flash 10 going on there, running against OpenGL ES 2.0, but that's something to think about after the launch."

Software hints
This section collects hints, tips & tricks for various software components.

Performance
Performance Page

=FAQ=


 * For Raspberry Pi frequently asked questions (FAQ) see FAQ.
 * Raspberry Pi Forum FAQ: Forum FAQ

=News articles and blog posts about Raspberry Pi=

Articles

 * http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2011/aug/28/ict-changes-needed-national-curriculum?CMP=twt_gu - RaspberryPi background and interview with Eben. (Aug 28 2011)
 * http://journaltec.com/2011/08/04/raspberry-pi-interview-with-eben-upton.html - Email interview with Eben. (Aug 4 2011)
 * http://www.next-gen.biz/features/david-braben-raspberry-pi - David talks pi and computer education in the UK. (Aug 3 2011)
 * http://www.cabume.co.uk/hardware/cambridges-fifteen-quid-computer-set-for-q4-launch.html - Cambridge Business Media is chuffed that, among other things, we're based in Cambridge. (3 Aug 2011)
 * http://amplecan.com/archives/762 - Blog post from TheSynapseUK, who posts on the Raspberry Pi boards. This is particularly good on some of the stumbling blocks we have to overcome in schools beyond the curriculum, like all those ICT teachers who don't have any programming experience. (2 Aug 2011)
 * http://www.exanders.fr/raspberry-pi-lordinateur-a-17-euros-en-bonne-voie-de-concretisation/ - French article on the how far we've come on the project. (1 Aug 2011)
 * http://www.pvsm.ru/article/63919 - Russian article about the Raspi. I am charmed to discover that Google Translate says the English for the Russian version of Braben is Brabo. I think we should adopt Brabo as David's superhero name. (31 July 2011)
 * http://orvtech.com/general/raspberry-pi-servidor-casero-alpha/ - Piece in Spanish about the project and the board going alpha. Note shiny US quarter photoshopped over the official 20p piece photo! (30 July 2011)
 * http://www.greentablet.info/gadget-25-raspberry-minicomputer-now-in-alpha-production-stage.html - Another short news piece about the board going alpha. (30 July 2011)
 * Slashdot: Raspberry Pi $25 PC Goes Into Alpha Production (29 July 2011)
 * Geek.com: Raspberry Pi $25 PC goes into alpha production (28 July 2011)
 * HuffPost UK: Why Doesn't The UK Have Its Own Apple Inc? - article on the state of the UK computer industry, which interviews Eben and includes some uplifting material on Raspi. (28 July 2011)
 * Christian Science Monitor: Raspberry Pi: Rise of the $25 computer - David talks to the Christian Science Monitor about the educational implications of the project. (12 July 2011)
 * http://micromath.wordpress.com/2011/06/04/digital-illiteracy-and-raspberry-pi/ - Mathematics under the Microscope, a great maths teaching blog, on Raspi. There's an interesting follow-up post too - and if you have an interest in education, especially in the sciences, the whole blog is well worth your time. (4 June 2011)
 * http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/raspberry-pi-tiny-computer-runs-linux - Linux Journal is, perhaps not surprisingly, very pleased that the Raspi will be running Linux. (31 May 2011)
 * http://www.electronicsweekly.com/Articles/2011/05/26/51140/in-depth-raspberry-pi-the-computer-on-a-stick.htm - EW interviews Eben. (26 May 2011)
 * Computer World UK: As British as Raspberry Pi? (9 May 2011)
 * http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/2068735/uk-developer-creates-gbp15-kids - The Inquirer chats to David. (6 May 2011)
 * http://www.techeye.net/hardware/15-usb-pc-creator-david-braben-in-talks-with-government - TechEye talks to David (who talks a bit about his impressions of ICT teaching in the UK as well as about the device). (6 May 2011)
 * ARMDevices.net: $25 ARM Powered Desktop presented by Raspberry Pi Foundation (6 May 2011)

http://www.raspberrypi.org/wp-content/plugins/mingle-forum/feed.php?topic=70

Video

 * BBC iClick's Peter Price asks whether a £15 computer can solve the programming gap (6 minutes, 3 June 2011)
 * Raspberry Pi's David Braben talks to BBC's Rory Cellan-Jones (2:28 minutes, 5 May 2011)
 * Raspberry Pi community tutorials on YouTube

Audio

 * Podcast of a phone interview with Eben about the project and the motivations behind it (15 minutes long.) (3 June 2011) Transcription here.

Photos

 * Pre-production board (beta board) PCB, topside
 * Pre-production board (beta board) PCB, underside
 * Pre-production board vs credit-card
 * Alpha prototype board, topside - Alpha prototypes are about 50% larger than the target credit-card size
 * Alpha prototype board, underside
 * Prototype1 board

See also Schematic / Layout

Raspberry Pi wiki pages
 category = RaspberryPi notcategory = Ru:RaspberryPiBoard 

Subpages


=Links=

Home page
raspberrypi.org (RaspberryPi home)
 * Using Google you can search raspberrypi.org (including Forum) using site:raspberrypi.org . The home page and forum each have their own search facilitiy also.

Manuals and resources

 * First manual to be produced by the Computing At School working group. See Also

Contact and communication

 * Home page and blog
 * FAQ
 * Contact Raspberry Pi Foundation (info and press inquiries)
 * Twitter

Education & Training materials
Main page: RaspberryPiBoard/EducationalLinks


 * Hackety Hack
 * OpenSUSE Linux for Education (LiFE)
 * http://projectguts.org/

Programming
Raspberry Pi plans to support Python and C as primary teaching languages, but expect to have some sort of BASIC on there too. Perhaps even BBC BASIC or SuperBASIC depending on copyright issues.

Languages tested on Alpha board

 * Interp
 * Scala
 * Clojure
 * OCaml
 * gcc
 * g++
 * Python
 * Perl
 * Ruby 1.9.2 (KidsRuby)

Expected to work

 * Eclipse
 * Lazarus
 * (maybe) BoaConstructor
 * Anjuta for C/C++
 * Dev-C++
 * CodeBlocks
 * Lua
 * BBC BASIC
 * mdfs.net
 * ROOL wiki, forum threads: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
 * Small Basic
 * Squeak implementation of Smalltalk
 * Processing
 * Other BASIC variants common to Debian/Ubuntu/Fedora etc. are all likely to work fine, including:
 * basic256 - educational BASIC programming environment for children
 * bwbasic - Bywater BASIC Interpreter
 * sdlbasic - BASIC interpreter for game development
 * yabasic - Yet Another BASIC interpreter

"See also: RaspberryPiBoard/EducationalLinks for education-friendly languages."

Graphical Programming

 * Gambas - possibly a good choice; easy like old visual basic
 * Scratch
 * Alice
 * Android App Inventor
 * Kodu
 * Star Logo
 * PrimerLabs CodeHero

Robotics

 * Lego Mindstorms

Uncategorised

 * Sugar Learning Platform: An alternative to the Desktop metaphor of the GUI
 * Frink
 * GAViewer
 * GeoGebra
 * codecademy.com

See also Category:Education

Past events

 * [Free Software and Open Source Symposium/LinuxFest 2011, 28 October, in Toronto]
 * [ARM TechCon, 26-27 October]
 * Maker Faire, New York, 17 September
 * Transfer Summit, Oxford - 7-8 September
 * Educating Programmers Summit - 25 August 2011

Compliancy
Products are RoHS and CE compliant. Please contact Raspberry Pi for details regarding WEEE in your country.

Envios
Raspberry Pi será enviado a todo el mundo desde el Reino Unido y posiblemente desde los EE.UU. Los envíos estarán sujetos a las leyes de exportación del Reino Unido y a las leyes locales de importación. RP ​​buscará firmar acuerdos con socios para su distribución en su momento.

Para tener una idea del costo de envío por qué no nos fijamos en el sitio web de Royal Mail: http://sg.royalmail.com/portal/rm/PriceFinder?catId=23500532&gear=pricingcalc&campaignid=pricefinder_redirect

Busque un paquete un poco más grande que 85mm x 55mm x 30mm, y que pese unos 55 gramos.

A modo de ejemplo: Nueva Zelanda, 100 gramos paquete pequeño, correo aéreo de 5 días: £ 2.05

=Agradecimientos=
 * El diseño de esta página está basado en la excelente página BeagleBoard en este sitio
 * Algunos de los textos en esta página son adaptaciones de las contribuciones realizadas en la página BeagleBoard en este sitio.

Referencias
=Traducción a otros Idiomas=


 * en:RaspberryPiBoard
 * test
 * RaspberryPiBoard
 * jp:RaspberryPiBoard-jp
 * pt-BR: Raspberry Pi Board
 * GURP (No es realmente una traducción al francés sino un wiki)