ECE497 Instructor's Guide

There are many choices that have to be made when designing a college course. The open source world gives you even more choices. The following takes you down the path I have chosen for my 32-bit embedded Linux course (ECE497 - 32-bit Embedded Linux, Rose-Hulman). As we travel I'll point out what decisions needed to be made, what the options were and why I made my choice. Once you see where I've taken you, it should be easier for you to pick a path for your class.

What Hardware
There are many hardware platforms out there that support embedded Linux, how do you pick one? In my case, Texas Instruments (TI) approached me and asked if I was interested in developing materials using the BeagleBoard. I looked it over and said yes. It's not a bad choice since some 50,000 have been sold and it has a very active community.

The Beagle has a dual-core OMAP processor on it. One core is an ARM processor, the other a TI DSP. So one can work in both the embedded world and the DSP world with it.

Bare Metal, or Linux
Since the Beagle has both an ARM and a DSP, you could choose to focus on either. If you main interest is DSP and you want to approach the Beagle as traditional DSP hardware I suggest you contact Mike Marrow. He has pioneered the 'bare metal' approach to using an OMAP processor.

I decided to focus on Linux running on the ARM and treat the DSP as a peripheral. I think in the future this is how most DSP hardware will be used.

Which Linux
Linux has many embedded distributions. There seem to be three that are most active on the Beagle at this time.


 * Angstrom
 * Ubuntu
 * Android

I use Angstrom. The day I tried to install Ubuntu on the Beagle xM I discovered the instructions didn't work for the xM. They might be working now. I have Android installed on one of my SD cards and have played with it some. Although Android is based on Linux, I found Angstrom to be a more familiar environment. You mileage may vary.

You can also try the Super-Jumbo image from AlwaysInnovating. It has four OSes on one image. I'm not sure how easy it is to teach with.

Which OS for the Host Computer
The BeagleBoard is powerful enough that real development (editing, compiling, etc.) can be done on it without need of another computer. However, one can do much more using a host computer for development. It is generally agreed that if your target computer is Linux, the host computer should be too.

So which distro should you use? I'm running Ubuntu 10.4 LTS, 32-bit. It is required for some of the DSP development tools supplied by TI. The LTS means Long Term Support, which means it's supported for 3 years from its release data (April 2010). This also means you won't be having to upgrade every time you teach the class.

Native or Virtual Install
Windows is the standard OS on my campus, so the first year I ran the course I ran the host OS in a virtual machine. It worked fine, though there may have been a slight loss of performance. I started with the free VMware Player, but later switched to the free Virtual Box on the recommendation of my students.

This year I'm running Ubuntu native on a desktop and a laptop. One of the things I gain is the desktop is always on so I can login to remotely and do things such as start a long download. I share the keyboard and mouse with my Windows machine by using Synergy. Synergy allows cutting and pasting between machines which helps when producing handouts.

Installing on the SD Card
Now that you've decided to run Angstrom on the Beagle, you have to choose how to get it on your SD card. There are four broad choices:


 * 1) Partition and format your SD card, then download the root filesystem, kernel, etc. and copy.
 * 2) Download a disk image and copy it to the SD card.
 * 3) Use an online system to build the install you want.
 * 4) Download all the sources and build everything from scratch.

I've tried all four options, but I've settled on option 2. It's the most likely to succeed and has the students up and running the first day.

The last option is the 'true' open source way to do things, but it's too big of a step for my students. On the first day I want them to have their Beagle up and running with all the demos that run on it. I want them to see what it can do. On the second day we'll start digging into the details of how it works. This will eventually involve building many things from scratch.

is one of the tools developed by the Open Embedded (OE) group. With a single  one can download all the sources, compile them and create all the files needed to copy to the SD card to run Linux with all its demos. The first year I taught the course I made the mistake of having my students build the whole system from source. It took over 24 hours to run, and then failed to build completely. This is the way of open source. What worked today may not work tomorrow, but it may the day after. Students need to learn the skill of what to do when things fail. However this was too big of a build to have them learn on.

My instructions for doing the first three are here: ECE497_Lab01_Installing_Angstrom_on_Your_Beagle_(precompiled)  Building from scratch instructions are here:  ECE497_Installing_The_Angstrom_Distribution

What Topics Should be Covered?
Here is a list of topics that I've covered. The list includes labs and exercises for nearly every topic.

Course Projects
A major part of the course grade is based on a major project. Here are some of the projects that have been done, or that I'm proposing: ECE497 Project Ideas

FAQ
Here are some questions to start an FAQ.


 * I'm new to the BeagleBoard and I'm looking for materials I can read and labs I can execute to teach myself embedded Linux. How do I get started?
 * Placeholder


 * I'm an instructor who would like to teach embedded Linux using a BeagleBoard. What materials are available to give me a starting point for building my course?
 * Placeholder


 * I just stumbled upon this category of pages. What is ECE497?
 * Placeholder


 * Also, while there is significant open-source support, do we need Development Tools from TI to program/compile/debug the software on the board? If so, how can we obtain a license for this software?
 * Presently there are free ARM compilers; however if you use the DSP you need to get the 'C6x compiler from TI. It's free, but you have to agree to their license.