R-Car/Boards/Yocto

This page contains information on building and running Yocto on Renesas R-Car E2 SILK, Renesas R-Car M2 Porter and Renesas R-Car H2 Stout boards.

Yocto versions
Poky-1.6.1 is supported. Specific commit of meta-openembedded is required.

Preliminary steps
 Download evaluation version of proprietary graphics and multimedia drivers from Renesas. To download Multimedia and Graphics library, please use the following link: https://www.renesas.com/en-eu/software/D3017410.html To download related Linux drivers, please use the following link: https://www.renesas.com/img/solutions/automotive/rcar-demoboard/R-Car_Series_Evaluation_Software_Package_of_Linux_Drivers-201512281.zip Graphic drivers are required for X11 and Wayland. Multimedia drivers are optional. 

 Install required packages

Ubuntu and Debian
sudo apt-get install gawk wget git-core diffstat unzip texinfo gcc-multilib \ build-essential chrpath socat libsdl1.2-dev xterm

Fedora
sudo yum install gawk make wget tar bzip2 gzip python unzip perl patch \ diffutils diffstat git cpp gcc gcc-c++ glibc-devel texinfo chrpath \ ccache perl-Data-Dumper perl-Text-ParseWords perl-Thread-Queue socat \ SDL-devel xterm Refer to Yocto Project Quick Start for more information.  

Building the BSP for Renesas R-Car SILK, Porter and Stout
 Create a directory and switch to it Warning! Yocto builds require a lot of disk space (up to 100 GB). Make sure you have got enough before starting the build. export WORK= mkdir $WORK cd $WORK  Clone basic Yocto layers: cd $WORK git clone git://git.yoctoproject.org/poky git clone git://git.openembedded.org/meta-openembedded git clone git://git.linaro.org/openembedded/meta-linaro.git   Switch to proper branches/commits cd $WORK/poky git checkout -b tmp yocto-1.6.1 cd $WORK/meta-openembedded git checkout -b tmp dca466c074c9a35bc0133e7e0d65cca0731e2acf cd $WORK/meta-linaro git checkout -b tmp 8a0601723c06fdb75e62aa0f0cf15fc9d7d90167 Another versions are not tested for compatibility. 

 Clone Renesas BSP layer and switch to the proper branch: cd $WORK git clone git://github.com/CogentEmbedded/meta-renesas.git cd meta-renesas git checkout -b tmp origin/v1.10.0 

 Unzip downloaded proprietary driver modules to $WORK/proprietary folder. You should see the following files: [builduser@builduser meta-renesas-lcb]$ ls -lh $WORK/proprietary total 8.1M -rw-r--r-- 1 builduser builduser 5.8M Dec 28 17:21 R-Car_Series_Evaluation_Software_Package_for_Linux-20160920.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 builduser builduser 2.3M Dec 28 17:21 R-Car_Series_Evaluation_Software_Package_of_Linux_Drivers-20151228.tar.gz </li>  Populate meta-renesas with graphics drivers. cd $WORK/meta-renesas/meta-rcar-gen2 ./copy_gfx_software_ .sh ../../proprietary </li>  Populate meta-renesas with multimedia drivers. cd $WORK/meta-renesas/meta-rcar-gen2 ./copy_mm_software_lcb.sh ../../proprietary </li>

 Setup build environment cd $WORK source poky/oe-init-build-env </li>

 Prepare default configuration files. cd $WORK/meta-renesas/meta-rcar-gen2/templates/ cp bblayers.conf $WORK/build/conf/bblayers.conf For weston/wayland: cp local-wayland.conf $WORK/build/conf/local.conf For X11: cp local-x11.conf $WORK/build/conf/local.conf  Edit $WORK/build/conf/local.conf to enable/disable graphics and multimedia proprietary drivers support </li> For Stout board only:

  Edit local.conf to select version of OpenGL ES: OPENGLES3 = “0” (use “1” for OpenGL ES3.0, or “0” for OpenGL ES2.0) </li>  Edit local.conf to select IO configuration (by default only stout cpu board peripherals are enabled): MACHINE_FEATURES_append = " stout-full" (use this append for full IO configuration) or MACHINE_FEATURES_append = " stout-view" (use this append for view IO configuration) or MACHINE_FEATURES_append = " stout-had" (use this append for HAD IO configuration) </li> </ol>

</li>

 Start the build

For weston/wayland: bitbake core-image-weston For X11: bitbake core-image-x11 </li>

 Building image can take upto a few hours depending on your host system performance. After the build has been completed successfuly, you should see the output similar to: NOTE: Tasks Summary: Attempted 4704 tasks of which 31 didn't need to be rerun and all succeeded. and the command prompt should return. </li>

 Bitbake has generated all the necessary files in ./tmp/deploy/images directory. You can verify its content: [builduser]$ ls -lh `find ./tmp/deploy/images/silk/ -maxdepth 1 -type l -print` lrwxrwxrwx. 1 builduser builduser 50 Dec 9 02:47 ./tmp/deploy/images/silk/core-image-x11-silk.manifest -> core-image-x11-silk-20141208223655.builduserfs.manifest lrwxrwxrwx. 1 builduser builduser 49 Dec 9 02:47 ./tmp/deploy/images/silk/core-image-x11-silk.tar.bz2 -> core-image-x11-silk-20141208223655.builduserfs.tar.bz2 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 builduser builduser 84 Dec 9 02:43 ./tmp/deploy/images/silk/modules-silk.tgz -> modules--3.10+git2eba9c2b1f02bec3295b27f8415575da00d5ffce-r0-silk-20141208223655.tgz lrwxrwxrwx. 1 builduser builduser 52 Dec 9 02:46 ./tmp/deploy/images/silk/u-boot.bin -> u-boot-silk-v2013.01.01+gitAUTOINC+74b16badc2-r0.bin lrwxrwxrwx. 1 builduser builduser 52 Dec 9 02:46 ./tmp/deploy/images/silk/u-boot-silk.bin -> u-boot-silk-v2013.01.01+gitAUTOINC+74b16badc2-r0.bin lrwxrwxrwx. 1 builduser builduser 83 Dec 9 02:43 ./tmp/deploy/images/silk/uImage -> uImage--3.10+git2eba9c2b1f02bec3295b27f8415575da00d5ffce-r0-silk-20141208223655.bin lrwxrwxrwx. 1 builduser builduser 83 Dec 9 02:43 ./tmp/deploy/images/silk/uImage+dtb -> uImage+dtb--3.10+git2eba9c2b1f02bec3295b27f8415575da00d5ffce-r0-silk-20141208223655 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 builduser builduser 91 Dec 9 02:43 ./tmp/deploy/images/silk/uImage-r8a7794-silk.dtb -> uImage--3.10+git2eba9c2b1f02bec3295b27f8415575da00d5ffce-r0-r8a7794-silk-20141208223655.dtb lrwxrwxrwx. 1 builduser builduser 83 Dec 9 02:43 ./tmp/deploy/images/silk/uImage-silk.bin -> uImage--3.10+git2eba9c2b1f02bec3295b27f8415575da00d5ffce-r0-silk-20141208223655.bin lrwxrwxrwx. 1 builduser builduser 79 Dec 9 02:43 ./tmp/deploy/images/silk/zImage -> zImage--3.10+git2eba9c2b1f02bec3295b27f8415575da00d5ffce-r0-silk-20141208223655 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 builduser builduser 83 Dec 9 02:43 ./tmp/deploy/images/silk/zImage+dtb -> zImage+dtb--3.10+git2eba9c2b1f02bec3295b27f8415575da00d5ffce-r0-silk-20141208223655 modules-silk.tgz is compressed Kernel image, core-image-x11-silk.tar.bz2 is the rootfs, modules-silk.tgz are kernel modules. </li>  You can now boot R-Car E2 SILK board over TFTP and NFS </li> </ol>

Running Yocto image
Linux kernel can be booted from microSD card or from TFTP. Root FS can be mounted from micro SD card or via NFS.

Loading kernel via TFTP and rootfs via NFS
Follow these steps to setup working TFTP and NFS server:   Setup a TFTP server.

Ubuntu
Install tftpd-hpa package along with tftp tools: sudo apt-get install tftp tftpd-hpa

Fedora
 <li> Install necessary packages: sudo yum install tftp-server tftp tftp-server is a part of xinetd. See Fedora manual for more information. </li> <li> Enable TFTP server: sudo vi /etc/xinetd.d/tftp Set disable = no Save file and exit. </li> <li> Start xinetd: sudo systemctl start xinetd.service sudo systemctl enable xinetd.service </li> </ol>

</li>

<li> Copy uImage and uImage-r8a7794-silk.dtb from $WORK/build/tmp/deploy/images/silk/ to TFTP server root.

Ubuntu
cp $WORK/build/tmp/deploy/images/silk/uImage /srv/tftp/ cp $WORK/build/tmp/deploy/images/silk/uImage-r8a7794-silk.dtb /srv/tftp/

Fedora
cp $WORK/build/tmp/deploy/images/silk/uImage /var/lib/tftpboot/ cp $WORK/build/tmp/deploy/images/silk/uImage-r8a7794-silk.dtb /var/lib/tftpboot/ </li>

<li> Verify that TFTP server is working. tftp localhost -c get uImage && ls uImage </li>

<li> Setup NFS server.

Debian/Ubuntu
<ol> <li> Install necessary packages: sudo apt-get install nfs-kernel-server nfs-common </li> <li> Start NFS server: sudo /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server start </li> </ol>

Fedora
<ol> <li> Install necessary packages: sudo yum install nfs-utils </li> <li> Enable and start nfs server: sudo systemctl enable rpcbind.service sudo systemctl enable nfs-server.service sudo systemctl enable nfs-lock.service sudo systemctl enable nfs-idmap.service sudo systemctl start rpcbind.service sudo systemctl start nfs-server.service sudo systemctl start nfs-lock.service sudo systemctl start nfs-idmap.service </li> </ol> </li>

<li> Export root FS to NFS. (Change IMAGE and MACHINE to fit your build). <ol> <li> Unpack rootfs to a dedicated directory: IMAGE=weston|x11|sato|directfb MACHINE=silk|porter NFS_ROOT=/nfs/${MACHINE} sudo mkdir -p "${NFS_ROOT}" sudo rm -rf "${NFS_ROOT}"/* sudo tar -xjf "${WORK}/build/tmp/deploy/images/${MACHINE}/core-image-${IMAGE}-${MACHINE}.tar.bz2" -C "${NFS_ROOT}" sync </li> <li> Edit /etc/exports: sudo vi /etc/exports add /nfs/silk	*(rw,no_subtree_check,sync,no_root_squash,no_all_squash) /nfs/porter	*(rw,no_subtree_check,sync,no_root_squash,no_all_squash) Save the file and exit. </li> <li> Force NFS server to re-read /etc/exports sudo exportfs -a </li> </ol> </li> <li> Verify that NFS is working. [builduser@buildmachine ~]$ showmount -e localhost Export list for localhost: /nfs/silk * /nfs/porter * </li>

<li> Boot into U-Boot command prompt

For SILK board
<ol> <li> Make sure SW9 is on pin 1 side. </li> <li> Connect to serial console over microUSB using minicom or picocom. </li> <li> Switch the board on or reset it. Press any key to stop U-Boot automatic countdown. </li> </ol> Refer to SILK board page for more information.

For Porter board
<ol> <li> TBD </li> </ol> NOTE: Stout board does not have extra switches to select boot device (e.g. primary and secondary/backup QSPI Flash)

</li>

<li> Configure Ethernet, TFTP, and kernel command line in U-Boot:

setenv ipaddr <board-ip> setenv serverip <your-computer-ip> setenv bootcmd 'tftp 0x40007fc0 uImage; tftp 0x40f00000 uImage-r8a7794-silk.dtb; bootm 0x40007fc0 - 0x40f00000' setenv bootargs 'console=ttySC10,38400 ignore_loglevel rw root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=<your-computer-ip>:<nfs-path>,nfsvers=3 ip=<board-ip>:<your-computer-ip>::255.255.255.0:silk vmalloc=384M' saveenv Replace <board-ip> with the proper IP address for the board. Replace <your-computer-ip> with the IP address of your computer, where tftp and nfs servers are installed. Replace <nfs-path> with the exported path of the root FS. For example: setenv ipaddr 192.168.1.3 setenv serverip 192.168.1.2 setenv bootcmd 'tftp 0x40007fc0 uImage; tftp 0x40f00000 uImage-r8a7794-silk.dtb; bootm 0x40007fc0 - 0x40f00000' setenv bootargs 'console=ttySC10,38400 ignore_loglevel rw root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=192.168.1.2:/nfs/silk,nfsvers=3 ip=192.168.1.3:192.168.1.2::255.255.255.0:silk vmalloc=384M' saveenv The last command writes the configuration to SPI flash. => saveenv Saving Environment to SPI Flash...                                                                                                         SF: Detected S25FL512S with page size 256 KiB, total 64 MiB Erasing SPI flash...Writing to SPI flash...done You can also use dhcp command to obtain information from DHCP server. Note: You can always see the environment with printenv command. Refer to U-Boot manual for details. </li>

<li> Verify the connection over Ethernet from U-Boot: ping <your-computer-ip> You should see: => ping 192.168.1.2 sh_eth Waiting for PHY auto negotiation to complete... done sh_eth: 100Base/Full Using sh_eth device host 192.168.1.2 is alive </li>

<li> Reset the board by pushing SW5 "Reset". </li>

<li> The board should boot the kernel: SILK SPI_LOADER V0.07c 2014.10.20 DEVICE S25FL512 U-Boot 2013.01.01-g74b16ba-dirty (Dec 23 2014 - 15:31:50) CPU: Renesas Electronics R8A7794 rev 1.0 Board: Silk Board DRAM: 1 GiB MMC:  sh_mmcif: 0, sh-sdhi: 1 SF: Detected S25FL512S with page size 256 KiB, total 64 MiB In:   serial Out:  serial Err:  serial Net:  sh_eth Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 sh_eth Waiting for PHY auto negotiation to complete... done sh_eth: 100Base/Full Using sh_eth device TFTP from server 192.168.1.2; our IP address is 192.168.1.3 Filename 'uImage'. Load address: 0x40007fc0 Loading: ################################################################# #################################################################                                                                          #################################################################                                                                           ##############################################                                                                                              3.5 MiB/s done Bytes transferred = 3525472 (35cb60 hex) sh_eth:1 is connected to sh_eth. Reconnecting to sh_eth sh_eth Waiting for PHY auto negotiation to complete... done sh_eth: 100Base/Full Using sh_eth device TFTP from server 192.168.1.2; our IP address is 192.168.1.3 Filename 'uImage-r8a7794-silk.dtb'. Load address: 0x40f00000 Loading: ## 3 MiB/s done Bytes transferred = 24859 (611b hex) Image Name:  Linux-3.10.31-ltsi Image Type:  ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size:   3525408 Bytes = 3.4 MiB Load Address: 40008000 Entry Point: 40008000 Verifying Checksum ... OK                                                                                                                  Booting using the fdt blob at 0x40f00000 XIP Kernel Image ... OK                                                                                                                 OK                                                                                                                                             Loading Device Tree to 40ef6000, end 40eff11a ... OK                                                                                    Starting kernel ...                                                                                                                         </li> </ol>
 * 1) Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 40007fc0 ...
 * 1) Flattened Device Tree blob at 40f00000

Loading kernel and rootfs from microSD card
Both kernel and root FS can be loaded from a microSD card. The approach requires only a console cable. No Ethernet connection is needed. <ol> <li> Find a reliable microSD card with an adapter to fit your computer. 4 GB should be enough for the task. </li>

<li> Plug the SD card into you computer. Locate the proper device for it, typically /dev/mmcblk0. Use dmesg | tail to print latest messages if in doubt. WARNING! Be very careful. Do not select you root partition or any other device with important information. It may be destroyed! Double-check that device name is correct by mounting and examining it's content. </li>

<li> Make sure the SD card doesn't contain any important files. WARNING! Next step may erase the SD card completely. All files my be lost. </li>

<li> Format the card with one partition with EXT3 file system. TBD Update this page with a script which formats the card </li>

<li> Copy root fs to the sd card: SD=<path-to-your-device-partition> SD_ROOT=/tmp/sd-tool sudo umount "${SD}" sudo mkdir -p "${SD_ROOT}" sudo mount "${SD}" "${SD_ROOT}" sudo rm -rf "${SD_ROOT}"/* sudo cp "${BUILDDIR}/tmp/deploy/images/${MACHINE}/uImage+dtb" "${SD_ROOT}/boot/" sudo tar -xjf "${BUILDDIR}/tmp/deploy/images/${MACHINE}/core-image-${IMAGE}-${MACHINE}.tar.bz2" -C "${SD_ROOT}" sudo umount "${SD}" </li>

<li> Insert the SD card into microSD slot on the board. </li>

<li> Boot the board into U-Boot command prompt. Refer to section Boot into U-Boot command prompt </li>

<li> Configure kernel command line in U-Boot: (For Silk board) setenv bootcmd 'ext4load mmc 1:1 0x40007fc0 /boot/uImage+dtb; bootm 0x40007fc0' setenv bootargs 'console=ttySC10,38400 ignore_loglevel rw rootfstype=ext3 root=/dev/mmcblk0p1 rootwait vmalloc=384M' saveenv (For Porter board) setenv bootcmd 'ext4load mmc 1:1 0x40007fc0 /boot/uImage+dtb; bootm 0x40007fc0' setenv bootargs 'console=ttySC6,38400 ignore_loglevel rw rootfstype=ext3 root=/dev/mmcblk0p1 rootwait vmalloc=384M' saveenv (For Stout board) setenv bootcmd 'ext4load mmc 0:1 0x40007fc0 /boot/uImage+dtb; bootm 0x40007fc0' setenv bootargs 'console=ttySC0,38400 ignore_loglevel rw rootfstype=ext3 root=/dev/mmcblk0p1 rootwait vmalloc=384M video=HDMI-A-1:1024x768-32@60' saveenv The last command writes the configuration to SPI flash. => saveenv Saving Environment to SPI Flash...                                                                                                         SF: Detected S25FL512S with page size 256 KiB, total 64 MiB Erasing SPI flash...Writing to SPI flash...done </li>

<li> Reset the board by pushing SW5 "Reset" on SILK, SWTBD "Reset" on Porter or SW2 "Reset" on Stout </li>

<li> The board should boot the kernel: SILK SPI_LOADER V0.07c 2014.10.20 DEVICE S25FL512 U-Boot 2013.01.01-g74b16ba-dirty (Dec 23 2014 - 15:31:50) CPU: Renesas Electronics R8A7794 rev 1.0 Board: Silk Board DRAM: 1 GiB MMC:  sh_mmcif: 0, sh-sdhi: 1 SF: Detected S25FL512S with page size 256 KiB, total 64 MiB In:   serial Out:  serial Err:  serial Net:  sh_eth Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 3534603 bytes read in 498 ms (6.8 MiB/s) Image Name:  'Linux-3.10.31-ltsi' Image Type:  ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size:   3534539 Bytes = 3.4 MiB Load Address: 40008000 Entry Point: 40008000 Verifying Checksum ... OK                                                                                                                  XIP Kernel Image ... OK                                                                                                                 OK                                                                                                                                          Starting kernel ...      </li>
 * 1) Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 40007fc0 ...

</ol>

Multiboot
U-Boot allows multiboot configurations. U-Boot can try different boot commands one by one until find the first working command. Use command line interface to configure u-boot. Dual source (MMC and NFS) boot configuration for Silk: setenv mkBootcmdMMC 'setenv bootcmd ext4load mmc 1:1 0x40007fc0 /boot/uImage+dtb\; bootm 0x40007fc0' setenv mkBootargsMMC 'setenv bootargs console=ttySC10,38400 ignore_loglevel rw rootfstype=ext3 root=/dev/mmcblk0p1 rootwait vmalloc=384M' setenv mkBootcmdTFTP 'setenv bootcmd tftp 0x40007fc0 uImage+dtb.silk\; bootm 0x40007fc0' setenv mkBootargsNFS 'setenv bootargs console=ttySC10,38400 ignore_loglevel rw root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=192.168.1.27:/nfs/silk,nfsvers=3 ip=192.168.1.107:192.168.1.27::255.255.255.0:silk vmalloc=384M' setenv bootMMC 'run mkBootargsMMC; run mkBootcmdMMC; run bootcmd' setenv bootNET 'run mkBootargsNFS; run mkBootcmdTFTP; run bootcmd' setenv bootcmd 'run bootMMC; run bootNET' For Porter and Stout mkBootcmdMMC, mkBootargsMMC, mkBootcmdTFTP and mkBootargsNFS should be correctly changed according to their bootcmds and bootargs </ol>

Adding Qt5 in Yocto image
<ol> <li> Clone meta-qt5 layer and switch to proper commit: cd $WORK git clone git://github.com/CogentEmbedded/meta-qt5.git cd meta-qt5 git checkout 9b3e5474882a782589bd9842459e6945a7c0a588 </li> <li> Include necessary for Qt5 layers (meta-qt5, meta-openembedded/meta-ruby) in your $WORK/build/conf/bblayers.conf, then BBLAYERS must look like this: BBLAYERS ?= " \ ${TOPDIR}/../poky/meta \  ${TOPDIR}/../poky/meta-yocto \  ${TOPDIR}/../poky/meta-yocto-bsp \  ${TOPDIR}/../meta-renesas/meta-rcar-gen2 \  ${TOPDIR}/../meta-renesas \  ${TOPDIR}/../meta-openembedded/meta-oe \  ${TOPDIR}/../meta-openembedded/meta-multimedia \  ${TOPDIR}/../meta-linaro/meta-linaro-toolchain \  ${TOPDIR}/../meta-qt5 \  ${TOPDIR}/../meta-openembedded/meta-ruby \  " </li> <li> Add following packages in $WORK/build/conf/local.conf: IMAGE_INSTALL_append = " \   qtbase \    qtbase-fonts \    qtbase-plugins \     qtdeclarative \    qtdeclarative-qmlplugins \    qtdeclarative-plugins \    qtquick1 \    qtquick1-qmlplugins \     qtquick1-plugins \    qtwayland \    qtwayland-plugins \    qtbase-examples \ " Note that your project may require additional packages, see meta-qt5/recipes-qt for available packages. </li>

<li> After successful build you must be able to run Qt5 examples on target: export LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/libEGL.so export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/root export QT_QPA_PLATFORM=wayland-egl

/usr/share/qt5/examples/opengl/cube/cube </li> </ol>

Customizing Yocto image with additional packages from current setup
<ol> <li>If you wish to add some package, but you don't know how it exactly named, this command will be helpful: bitbake -s | grep bitbake -s | grep boost boost                                             :1.55.0-r0 boost-native                                      :1.55.0-r0 Note that *-native packages are build for usage on your host machine (for SDK or other packages build) </li> <li> After that, if this package exists, add desired package name to IMAGE_INSTALL variable in your $WORK/build/conf/local.conf: IMAGE_INSTALL_append = " boost " </li> </ol>
 * 1) Check if certain package is present on current Yocto Setup
 * 1) Example for boost package
 * 1) Example for boost package

Known issues and limitations
TBD