Android Kernel Versions

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Kernel versions known to run Android

2.6.25

The original (version 1.0) of Android for the G1/ADP1 used Linux version 2.6.25

2.6.27

The 1.5 release of Android (cupcake) for the G1/ADP1 used Linux version 2.6.27

2.6.29

As of September, 2009, the kernel/common.git tree for Android has a 2.6.29 kernel. Donut uses this kernel.

2.6.32

As of July 2010, the kernel/common.git tree for Android has a 2.6.32 kernel. This kernel is used by Froyo.

Selecting a kernel tree for a new port

This article has good information on porting Android to a new device. Note that it debates which kernel tree is appropriate to start with, for porting to a new device:

Android git kernel trees

As of July 2010, the android repository on kernel.org had the following kernel trees:

kernel/common.git 
This is the kernel tree that matches what is put into official Android products by Google or its partners
kernel/experimental.git 
some experimental stuff
kernel/linux-2.6.git 
mirror of Linus' kernel tree. This is a reference for the kernel tree used in Android
kernel/lk.git 
not a kernel tree, but a bootloader
kernel/msm.git 
kernel for MSM (Qualcomm chip used in many HTC products)
kernel/omap.git 
mirror of kernel tree maintained by texas instruments., supporting OMAP chips. usually based on kernel.org latest version, android products w OMAP chip can use this kernel port.
kernel/tegra.git 
nvidia kernel tree